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Neurobehavioral disinhibition predicts initiation of substance use in children with prenatal cocaine exposure.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:In previous work we (Fisher et al., 2011) examined the emergence of neurobehavioral disinhibition (ND) in adolescents with prenatal substance exposure. We computed ND factor scores at three age points (8/9, 11 and 13/14 years) and found that both prenatal substance exposure and early adversity predicted ND. The purpose of the current study was to determine the association between these ND scores and initiation of substance use between ages 8 and 16 in this cohort as early initiation of substance use has been related to later substance use disorders. Our hypothesis was that prenatal cocaine exposure predisposes the child to ND, which, in turn, is associated with initiation of substance use by age 16. METHODS:We studied 386 cocaine exposed and 517 unexposed children followed since birth in a longitudinal study. Five dichotomous variables were computed based on the subject's report of substance use: alcohol only; tobacco only; marijuana only; illicit substances and any substance. RESULTS:Cox proportional hazard regression showed that the 8/9 year ND score was related to initiation of alcohol, tobacco, illicit and any substance use but not marijuana use. The trajectory of ND across the three age periods was related to substance use initiation in all five substance use categories. Prenatal cocaine exposure, although initially related to tobacco, marijuana and illicit substance initiation, was no longer significant with ND scores in the models. CONCLUSION:Prenatal drug exposure appears to be a risk pathway to ND, which by 8/9 years portends substance use initiation.

journal_name

Drug Alcohol Depend

journal_title

Drug and alcohol dependence

authors

Lester BM,Lin H,Degarmo DS,Fisher PA,Lagasse LL,Levine TP,Shankaran S,Bada HS,Bauer CR,Hammond JA,Whitaker TM,Higgins RD

doi

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.014

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-11-01 00:00:00

pages

80-6

issue

1-2

eissn

0376-8716

issn

1879-0046

pii

S0376-8716(12)00140-8

journal_volume

126

pub_type

杂志文章

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