Abstract:
:Misuse of various chemicals, such as chemical warfare agents, industrial chemicals or pesticides during warfare or terrorists attacks requires adequate protection. Thus, development and evaluation of novel decontamination dispositives and techniques are needed. In this study, in vitro permeation and decontamination of a potentially hazardous compound paraoxon, an active metabolite of organophosphorus pesticide parathion, was investigated. Skin permeation and decontamination experiments were carried out in modified Franz diffusion cells. Pig skin was used as a human skin model. Commercially produced detergent-based washing solutions FloraFree(™) and ArgosTM were used as decontamination means. The experiments were done under "warm", "cold", "dry" and "wet" skin conditions in order to determine an effect of various physical conditions on skin permeation of paraoxon and on a subsequent decontamination process. There was no significant difference in skin permeation of paraoxon under warm, cold and dry conditions, whereas wet conditions provided significantly higher permeation rates. In the selected conditions, decontamination treatments performed 1 h after a skin exposure did not decrease the agent volume that permeated through the skin. An exception were wet skin conditions with non-significant decontamination efficacy 18 and 28% for the FloraFree(™) and Argos(™) treatment, respectively. In contrast, the skin permeation of paraoxon under warm, cold and dry conditions increased up to 60-290% following decontamination compared to non-decontaminated controls. This has previously been described as a skin wash-in effect.
journal_name
Toxicol Mech Methodsjournal_title
Toxicology mechanisms and methodsauthors
Misik J,Pavlikova R,Josse D,Cabal J,Kuca Kdoi
10.3109/15376516.2012.686535subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-09-01 00:00:00pages
520-5issue
7eissn
1537-6516issn
1537-6524journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to describe the toxicity induced by curcumin in human astrocytoma cell lines. METHODS:The effects induced by curcumin, at 100 µM for 24 h, were evaluated in four astrocytoma cell lines using crystal violet assay and through the evaluation of morphological and ultrastructural c...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2013.826768
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monte Carlo based method by using either SMILES based or combination of SMILES and Graph-based descriptors is an important strategy to build the QSAR/QSTR model for prediction of different biological endpoints. In this study, Monte Carlo based QSTR approach was applied to the dataset of 90 nitroaromatic compounds rela...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2019.1709238
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The advent of the industrial revolution has seen a significant increase in the number of new chemical entities (NCEs) released in the environment. It becomes imperative to check the toxic potential of NCEs to nontarget species before they are released for commercial purposes because some of these may exert genotoxicit...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376520590945667
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::4-Methylimidazole (4-MeI) is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound that is used in the manufacture of chemicals, dyes and pharmaceuticals and may be found in a variety of foods following formation during heating. The purpose of this study was to use two different in silico programs, CASE Ultra and Toxtree, to in...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2019.1709237
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Timolol is a medication used widely to treat glaucoma. Regarding Ca2+ signaling, timolol was shown to modulate Ca2+-related physiology in various cell types, however, the effect of timolol on Ca2+ homeostasis and cell viability has not been explored in human prostate cancer cells. The aim of this study was to explore ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2018.1540024
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Dermal exposure to JP-8 petroleum jet fuel leads to toxicological responses in humans and rodents. Serum profiling is a molecular analysis of changes in the levels of serum proteins and other molecules in response to changes in physiology. This present study utilizes serum profiling approaches to examine biom...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510701697072
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was used to investigate the impact of silver nanoparticles (SNP), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM) used in concentration of 1010 particle/mL. Population-based observations and gene expression analysis were employed in this study. S...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2018.1449277
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylglyoxal (MG) is a reactive dicarbonyl metabolite originated mainly from glucose degradation pathway that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Reactions of MG with biological macromolecules (proteins, DNA and lipids) can induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Here, human erythrocytes...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2017.1285971
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the prooxidant effects of bisphenol A (BPA) phenoxyl radicals in comparison with the phenoxyl radicals of 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-methylphenol (BHT) and 4-tert-butylphenol (TBP). The phenoxyl radicals, generated in situ by 1-electron oxidation of the corresponding phenol,...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2012.753969
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Cisplatin (CP) is an antineoplastic agent that induces nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress. It is unknown whether renal tight junction (TJ) proteins expression and localization are modified in CP-induced nephrotoxicity. OBJECTIVE:To study if the expression of the TJ proteins occludin, claudin-2, claudin-5 a...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2014.948248
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to their exceptional properties, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have shown promising medical and technological applications in the treatment of cancer and the development of antimicrobial packaging and time-temperature indicators in the food sector. However, little is known about their cytotoxicity when they come into...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2013.869783
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Although the liver is the primary target organ in acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity, other organs are affected. Previous data suggested that chronic APAP abuse can be ototoxic and the mechanism involves APAP-induced oxidative stress and reactive metabolite (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine, NAPQI)-induced endoplasmic ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2015.1122136
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to determine whether the treatment with an ethanolic extract of pomegranate (EEP) (Punica granatum) can be useful for the treatment of the deleterious effect of lead acetate (LA) administration on sperm production in rats. The effects of EEP were compared with those of ascorbic acid (AA)...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2011.555789
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present investigation acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was estimated in erythrocytes from blood samples exposed to four commonly used organophosphorus pesticides in vitro. The aim of the study was to determine the IC50 concentration of the pesticides monocrotophos, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, and acephate as inhibitor...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376520600719281
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crotonaldehyde is a hazardous pollutant present in cigarette smoke and automobile exhausts that is generated by lipid peroxidation, and harmful to reproductive organs. Although we are often exposed to low doses of crotonaldehyde daily, its adverse effects on the reproductive organs have not been fully elucidated. To e...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2019.1646369
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Owing to their structure and function, low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are particularly susceptible to the oxidative modifications. To prevent against oxidative modification of LDL, L-carnitine, with endogenous small water-soluble quaternary amine possessing antioxidative properties, was used. The aim of this paper wa...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510701623508
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study aims at evaluating the combination of the quinocetone and the ML-7 in preclinical hepatocellular carcinoma models. To this end, the effect of quinocetone and ML-7 on apoptosis induction and signaling pathways was analyzed on HepG2 cell lines. Here, we report that ML-7, in a nontoxic concentration, sensitized...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2015.1090513
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed for determining the exact mechanism of cytotoxic action of aluminum phosphide (AlP) in the presence of iron sucrose as the proposed antidote. Rats received AlP (12 mg/kg) and iron sucrose (5-30 mg/kg) in various sets and were connected to cardiovascular monitoring device. After identific...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2015.1015086
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need for reliable results in Toxicological Analysis is recognized and required worldwide. The analytical validation ensures that a method will provide trustworthy information about a particular sample when applied in accordance with a predefined protocol, being able to determine a specific analyte at a distinct co...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2020.1839612
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The ideal toxicity biomarker is composed of the properties of prediction (is detected prior to traditional pathological signs of injury), accuracy (high sensitivity and specificity), and mechanistic relationships to the endpoint measured (biological relevance). Gene expression-based toxicity biomarkers ("sign...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510701857072
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During an avian mass mortality event investigation at the National Fish and Wildlife Forensic Laboratory in Ashland, OR, imidacloprid became an insecticide of concern. A qualitative analytical toxicology screen of seeds, plucks (tongue, esophagus, and trachea), and ventricular contents was requested. A method for the ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2019.1616344
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiogenesis, disturbance in redox homeostasis, and deregulated redox signaling are considered as common hallmarks of cancer progression and chemo resistance. In this context, PERK (protein kinase PKR-like ER kinase) branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive mechanism triggered by endoplasmic reticulu...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2020.1727596
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, 162 samples were analysed for monomer styrene content with using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method in hot tea, milk, cocoa milk. The monomer styrene content, expressed in microg/l of drink and the level of migration of styrene monomer were varied from 0.61 to 8.15 for hot tea, from 0....
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510802510299
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effects of chlorpyrifos (CP, an organophosphate) and deltamethrin (DM, a pyrethroid pesticide) treatments at low and high doses and their combination on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT and also AChE activ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510701380463
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to investigate the effects of aqueous Azadirchta Indica leaf extract (AAILE) on serum glycoprotein contents and tumor incidence rate in colon of rats subjected to Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) treatment. Forty rats were divided equally and randomly into four groups viz., Group I (normal contro...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510802646523
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzene (C6H6) is one of the most commonly used industrial chemicals causing environmental pollution. This study aimed to examine the effect of benzene and its metabolite hydroquinone on glucose regulating organs, liver and pancreas, and to reveal the involved toxic mechanisms, in rats. In the in vivo part, benzene wa...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2015.1053650
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicogenomics has evolved into a useful technique for providing greater mechanistic insights into adverse effects that will spur the development of novel approaches for identifying and understanding toxicity issues. The ability to capture a snapshot of the transcriptome at any given time during the development of an ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376520600558317
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zinc (Zn) is one of the essential trace elements and has numerous physiological functions. Zn acts as an antioxidant and also as a part of other antioxidant related proteins, such as metallothionein (MT) and Zn-copper superoxide dismutase. Zn deficiency often occurs in patients with diabetes. Therefore, the effect of ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/15376516.2012.735277
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The critical role of CaMKIIδ isoforms in cardiac hypertrophy is well documented. OBJECTIVE:This study was aimed to investigate the possible inhibitory effects of aliskiren (ALS) and/or carvedilol (CAV) on CaMKIIδ isoforms expression in experimental cardiac hypertrophy. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Male Wistar albino...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2015.1128035
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Miniscrew implants are widely used nowadays in orthodontic treatments due to their good results in clinical practice. However, data regarding the biocompatibility of commercially available orthodontic miniscrews and temporary devices are very scarce, and their role as genotoxicity inducers has been not previously eval...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2015.1053652
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00