Parallel zippers formed by alpha-helical peptide columns in crystals of Boc-Aib-Glu(OBzl)-Leu-Aib-Ala-Leu-Aib-Ala-Lys(Z)-Aib-OMe.

abstract：:In the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), gag MA (matrix), a major structural protein of the virus, carries out opposing targeting functions. During virus assembly, gag MA is cotranslationally myristoylated, a modification required for membrane targeting of gag polyproteins. During virus infec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bukrinskaya AG,Ghorpade A,Heinzinger NK,Smithgall TE,Lewis RE,Stevenson M

更新日期：1996-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelin, originally purified from porcine aortic endothelial cells, is widely distributed in tissues and is recognized as a product of epithelial cells, glial cells, and neurons in addition to endothelial cells. We found evidence by mRNA content and immunoreactivity that this peptide is synthesized in rat parathyro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fujii Y,Moreira JE,Orlando C,Maggi M,Aurbach GD,Brandi ML,Sakaguchi K

更新日期：1991-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We performed combinatorial peptide library screening in vivo on a novel human prostate cancer xenograft that is androgen-independent and induces a robust osteoblastic reaction in bonelike matrix and soft tissue. We found two peptides, PKRGFQD and SNTRVAP, which were enriched in the tumors, targeted the cell surface of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mandelin J,Cardó-Vila M,Driessen WH,Mathew P,Navone NM,Lin SH,Logothetis CJ,Rietz AC,Dobroff AS,Proneth B,Sidman RL,Pasqualini R,Arap W

更新日期：2015-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:beta 2-Glycoprotein I (beta 2-GPI), a phospholipid-binding plasma protein, is an absolute requirement (cofactor) for the binding of autoimmune-type anti-cardiolipin (aCL) antibodies to cardiolipin (CL). The nature of this cofactor activity and the specific regions of the molecule involved have not yet been determined....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hunt JE,Simpson RJ,Krilis SA

更新日期：1993-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrogen/deuterium exchange followed by trapping of the labeled species in the aprotic solvent DMSO has been used to elucidate structure in both the burst-phase molten globule-folding intermediate of apomyoglobin and in an equilibrium intermediate that models the kinetic intermediate. Precise estimates can be made of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nishimura C,Dyson HJ,Wright PE

更新日期：2005-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Confined liquid crystals (LC) provide a unique platform for technological applications and for the study of LC properties, such as bulk elasticity, surface anchoring, and topological defects. In this work, lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) are confined in spherical droplets, and their director configurations...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jeong J,Davidson ZS,Collings PJ,Lubensky TC,Yodh AG

更新日期：2014-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO) mutant (strain 58), defective in CDP-choline synthetase (cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase; CTP:cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.15), is temperature sensitive for growth and contains less than half of the normal amount of phosphatidylcholine under nonpermissive con...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Esko JD,Nishijima M,Raetz CR

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abnormal tubulofilamentous structures have been identified in electron micrographs of thin sections and negatively stained impression grids prepared from brains of animals with scrapie and other spongiform encephalopathies, and we showed that such tubules contain a core of filamentous structures resembling scrapie-ass...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Narang HK,Asher DM,Gajdusek DC

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike other cation channels, each subunit of most transient receptor potential (TRP) channels has an additional TRP-domain helix with an invariant tryptophan immediately trailing the gate-bearing S6. Recent cryo-electron microscopy of TRP vanilloid subfamily, member 1 structures revealed that this domain is a five-tu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teng J,Loukin SH,Anishkin A,Kung C

更新日期：2015-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Egg activation is the process in which mature oocytes are released from developmental arrest and gain competency for embryonic development. In Drosophila and other arthropods, eggs are activated by mechanical pressure in the female reproductive tract, whereas in most other species, eggs are activated by fertilization....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hu Q,Wolfner MF

更新日期：2019-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA templates containing immediate early (IE) genes of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) were transcribed in vitro by using a HeLa cell extract. When IE region 1, 2, and 3 were used, transcription was detected qualitatively only from IE region 1. Transcription was detected with DNA representing IE region 2 when the IE r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thomsen DR,Stenberg RM,Goins WF,Stinski MF

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three types of protein kinase C were purified from rabbit brain cytosol. Each type has a molecular mass of approximately 80 kDa and serves as a receptor for phorbol esters. Polyclonal antibodies produced to two protein kinase C types were relatively type-specific, indicating that these proteins have unique antigenic d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jaken S,Kiley SC

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Host-seeking behavior by parasitic nematodes relies heavily on chemical cues emanating from potential hosts. Nonspecific cues for Strongyloides stercoralis, a nematode that infects humans and a few other mammals, include carbon dioxide and sodium chloride; however, the characteristic species specificity of this parasi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Safer D,Brenes M,Dunipace S,Schad G

更新日期：2007-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the MEK/ERK/Elk-signaling cascade is a mechanism for relaying mitogenic and stress stimuli for gene activation. MEK1 is the proximate kinase for activation of ERK1/2, and nuclear targeting of ERK1/2 is obligatory for Elk1 transcriptional activity. Human biliverdin reductase (hBVR) is a recently described...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lerner-Marmarosh N,Miralem T,Gibbs PE,Maines MD

更新日期：2008-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In all photosynthetic organisms, light energy is used to drive electrons from a donor chlorophyll species via a series of acceptors across a biological membrane. These light-induced electron-transfer processes display a remarkably high quantum efficiency, indicating a near-complete inhibition of unproductive charge re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Makita H,Hastings G

更新日期：2017-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:A promising strategy for DNA sequencing exploits transposons to provide mobile sites for the binding of sequencing primers. For such a strategy to be maximally efficient, the location and orientation of the transposon must be readily determined and the insertion sites should be randomly distributed. We demonstrate an ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Strausbaugh LD,Bourke MT,Sommer MT,Coon ME,Berg CM

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA hybridization was used to compare representatives of the major groups of marsupials and a eutherian outgroup. Because of the large genetic distances separating marsupial families, trees were calculated from normalized percentages of hybridization; thermal-melting statistics, however, gave identical topologies for ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirsch JA,Dickerman AW,Reig OA,Springer MS

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Crises in science concern not only methods, statistics, and results but also, theory development. Beyond the indispensable refinement of tools and procedures, resolving crises would also benefit from a deeper understanding of the concepts and processes guiding research. Usually, theories compete, and some lose, incent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ellemers N,Fiske ST,Abele AE,Koch A,Yzerbyt V

更新日期：2020-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the demonstration that the sequence of a protein encodes its structure, the prediction of structure from sequence remains an outstanding problem that impacts numerous scientific disciplines, including many genome projects. By iteratively fixing secondary structure assignments of residues during Monte Carlo simul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DeBartolo J,Colubri A,Jha AK,Fitzgerald JE,Freed KF,Sosnick TR

更新日期：2009-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Digital droplet assays-in which biological samples are compartmentalized into millions of femtoliter-volume droplets and interrogated individually-have generated enormous enthusiasm for their ability to detect biomarkers with single-molecule sensitivity. These assays have untapped potential for point-of-care diagnosti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yelleswarapu V,Buser JR,Haber M,Baron J,Inapuri E,Issadore D

更新日期：2019-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally thought that an effective vaccine to prevent HIV-1 infection should elicit both strong neutralizing antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. We recently demonstrated that potent, boostable, long-lived HIV-1 envelope (Env)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses can be elicited in rhesus monkeys...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Letvin NL,Montefiori DC,Yasutomi Y,Perry HC,Davies ME,Lekutis C,Alroy M,Freed DC,Lord CI,Handt LK,Liu MA,Shiver JW

更新日期：1997-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:New neurons are continuously generated in restricted regions of the adult mammalian brain. Although these adult-born neurons have been shown to receive synaptic inputs, little is known about their synaptic outputs. Using retrovirus-mediated birth-dating and labeling in combination with serial section electron microsco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Faulkner RL,Jang MH,Liu XB,Duan X,Sailor KA,Kim JY,Ge S,Jones EG,Ming GL,Song H,Cheng HJ

更新日期：2008-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Current chemotherapeutic approaches for cancer are in part limited by the inability of drugs to destroy neoplastic cells within poorly vascularized compartments of tumors. We have here systematically assessed anaerobic bacteria for their capacity to grow expansively within avascular compartments of transplanted tumors...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dang LH,Bettegowda C,Huso DL,Kinzler KW,Vogelstein B

更新日期：2001-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits interferon gamma-induced macrophage activation for cytotoxicity against larvae of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni by suppressing production of the toxic effector molecule nitric oxide (NO). In this study, the mechanism of IL-10 action was identified as inhibition of endogenous tu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oswald IP,Wynn TA,Sher A,James SL

更新日期：1992-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) greatly influence mature macrophage function in vitro: macrophage (M)-CSF induces maturation of monocytes and enhances differentiated cell function; granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF stimulates a variety of antimicrobial functions. In vivo M-CSF is thought to promote differentiation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Nichilo MO,Burns GF

更新日期：1993-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas several apoptosis-related proteins have been linked to the antiapoptotic effects of Akt serine-threonine kinase, the search continues to explain the Akt signaling role in promoting cell survival via antiapoptotic effects. Here, we demonstrate that Akt phosphorylates the androgen receptor (AR) at Ser-210 and Se...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin HK,Yeh S,Kang HY,Chang C

更新日期：2001-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a DNA mimic that has shown considerable promise as a lead compound for developing gene therapeutic drugs. We report that PNAs targeted to functional and accessible sites in ribosomal RNA can inhibit translation in an Escherichia coli cell-free transcription/translation system, with 50% re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Good L,Nielsen PE

更新日期：1998-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) uses the energy released by reduction of O2 to H2O to drive eight charges from the high pH to low pH side of the membrane, increasing the electrochemical gradient. Four electrons and protons are used for chemistry, while four more protons are pumped. Proton pumping requires that residues on ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu J,Gunner MR

更新日期：2014-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:L-Gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase (L-gulono-gamma-lactone:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.3.8) is the enzyme that catalyzes the terminal step of L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in mammalian liver. The absence of the oxidase activity in primates and guinea pigs is the reason why these animals are subject to scurvy, which mus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nishikimi M,Udenfriend S

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of androgen receptor (AR) via androgen in muscle cells has been closely linked to their growth and differentiation. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of supervillin (SV), a 205-kDa actin-binding protein, as an AR coregulator from the skeletal muscle cDNA library. Mammalian two-hybrid and glut...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ting HJ,Yeh S,Nishimura K,Chang C

更新日期：2002-01-22 00:00:00