Abstract：
:Educational programmes for family practice should develop family counselling skills of students to moderate levels of competence. Few specific training programmes are part of the regular curriculum and of these few are evaluated. Twenty-three residents enrolled in a 2-year family practice programme in Toronto, Canada participated in a non-randomized control intervention study to assess a specific training programme. Pre-training counselling skills, and ability were assessed using two types of generally recognized measurement instruments, the Carkhuff Stems of Communication Skills and the Carkhuff Discrimination Index. The treatment group entered the training programme which involved supervised family counselling 8 half-days each week for one month as part of their usual rotations. They completed a second set of instruments following this course to assess immediate within-group change and then both they and the control group completed a set about one year later to measure differences. Initial scores for all residents showed a less than 'minimally facilitative' level of counselling response on both empathy and warmth dimensions. Following the course, the treatment group scored above this level and significantly better than the control group. Furthermore, the former showed a 20% improvement in ability to discriminate between effective and ineffective helping responses which was sustained over one year, while the control group's scores became worse. Teaching of counselling skills can be effective.
journal_name
Med Educjournal_title
Medical educationauthors
Rudner HL,Bestvater D,Bader Edoi
10.1111/j.1365-2923.1990.tb02656.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-09-01 00:00:00pages
461-6issue
5eissn
0308-0110issn
1365-2923journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:To establish which personal and contextual factors are predictive of successful outcomes in postgraduate medical education. METHOD:We performed a follow-up study of 118 doctors on a postgraduate occupational health training programme on the management of mental health problems. The following personal and conte...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.01846.x
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Since the introduction of problem-based learning (PBL) at McMaster University in 1969, many medical schools in the USA, Canada and Europe have included PBL in their curricula. In the past decade, many medical schools in Asia have also done so. However, so far no one has questioned whether the outcomes expect...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01489.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Authentic early experience (AEE) describes experiences provided to new medical students to undertake 'human contact' to enhance learning. Although the concept of AEE is not new, and was commonplace prior to the Flexner Report of 1910, little is known about how or why meaning and knowledge are constructed throug...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04287.x
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study aims to identify whether non-science graduates perform as well as science graduates in Basic and Clinical Sciences (B & CS) assessments during Years 1-3 of a four-year graduate-entry programme at the University of Sydney (the 'USydMP'). METHODS:Students were grouped into five categories: Health P...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.02043.x
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the context of a curriculum reform the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Leuven, Belgium, introduced a new teaching project: video-supported small-group learning on problem-solving and clinical reasoning. The aim of this study is to reflect 20 years experience. The video-supported sessions for sixth-year med...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1998.00219.x
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:There are few publications summarising the main issues concerning pathology teaching and learning within undergraduate medical degrees. This article examines the themes that have emerged from the literature over the last 2 decades. METHOD:A literature search was performed using PubMed, which identified 86 relevant...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2004.01775.x
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper has reported some aspects of an analysis of the correlates of success in candidates' first attempts at the postgraduate psychiatric examinations of the R.A.N.Z.C.P. These are developed to suggest some attributes which selectors of trainees could take into account. Profitable future areas for research are de...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02482.x
更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The undergraduate medical curriculum at Linköping was changed and problem-based learning introduced in 1986. As a consequence the need for new examinations arose. To assess the students' consultation skills, ability to use theory in practice and skills in problem-based learning, a new examination called 'phase examina...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1996.tb00842.x
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical schools vary by nation and by culture but, for students, the experience appears to be very similar. Also, despite a half-century of radical changes in medical practice, education as a process of socialization for the profession is relatively unchanged. At the same time, medical educators have frequently instit...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1989.tb01538.x
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The present study explored how challenge and threat responses to stress relate to performance, anxiety, confidence, team identity and team characteristics (time spent in training and postgraduate experience) in a medical simulation-based team competition. METHODS:The study was conducted during a national si...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.14050
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Although peer-assisted learning (PAL) is widely employed throughout medical education, its effectiveness for training in technical procedures in skills laboratories has been subject to little systematic investigation. We conducted a prospective, randomised trial to evaluate the hypotheses that PAL is effecti...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03252.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical students on an in-patient service and residents working in an ambulatory care clinic have regularly evaluated their clinical tutors over the 5 years 1985-1989. Both groups of raters reliably and predictably evaluated their tutors and both emphasize between-tutor comparisons more than actual rating values for i...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1993.tb00228.x
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a variation of the Dr Fox study, an educational specialist delivered a lecture in the first-year course on physiology. A highly expressive teaching style was used for content which was determined by physiology teachers. The aim was to determine whether students would note a difference. According to student evaluati...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1988.tb00773.x
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The supervision of medical residents is a key responsibility of attending doctors in the clinical setting. Most attending doctors, however, are unfamiliar with the principles of effective supervision. Although inconsistent, supervision has been shown to be both important and effective for the professional ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02190.x
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The skill of inquiry is central to the task of the doctor confronted with a patient problem. Despite its importance this skill is not given appropriate emphasis in the education of medical students or in research concerning the clinical reasoning skills of doctors. ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1990.tb02428.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Since their introduction, workplace-based assessments (WBAs) have proliferated throughout postgraduate medical education. Previous reviews have identified mixed findings regarding WBAs' effectiveness, but have not considered the importance of user-tool-context interactions. The present review was conducted t...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/medu.14221
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:As doctors in all specialties are expected to undertake leadership within health care organisations, leadership development has become an inherent part of medical education. Whereas the leadership literature within medical education remains mostly focused on individual, hierarchical leadership, contemporary the...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.12832
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite concern over the concentration on science in pre-medical education and the selection of medical students in the United States, no major changes have been made. The present study compares attrition rates and clinical competence levels of medical students who vary in pre-medical training, age, and sex, in order ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02415.x
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:When training for junior doctors is being planned, little discussion is focused on what outcomes hospitals are trying to achieve with regard to education/training, i.e. on what makes the ideal hospital doctor. Instead, the primary focus is on the requirements of the syllabi of the Royal Colleges (credentiali...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Teaching at the bedside during attending rounds is considered to be fundamental to medical education. We conducted an ethnographic case study to investigate such teaching in general paediatrics as a social phenomenon and to explore change over time in both the meaning of rounds and the context in which round...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03767.x
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recurrent failure to adequately conceptualize the medical meaning of 'diease' is explained as a function of the way this is taught in the curriculum. It is not transmitted within the formal curriculum but within the internal structural relationships of the medical course. The limits of this particular definition e...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1977.tb00603.x
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In this paper we report on further tests of the validity of the multiple mini-interview (MMI) selection process, comparing MMI scores with those achieved on a national high-stakes clinical skills examination. We also continue to explore the stability of candidate performance and the extent to which so-call...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03407.x
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the teaching value of one session of computer-guided solo instruction in exposure therapy for phobias with that of one face-to-face small-group tutorial. DESIGN:Non-blind, randomized, controlled study. SETTING:King's College Hospital Medical School, London. PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-seven third-year m...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01210.x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical students' attitudes to the elderly were compared at the start and finish of a 5-week clinical attachment in health care of the elderly at the Christchurch School of Medicine. The study investigated students in their first clinical year (fourth year of their medical course) over five terms using a questionnaire...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1992.tb00171.x
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:There is a growing literature on diagnostic errors. The consensus of this literature is that most errors are cognitive and result from the application of one or more cognitive biases. Such biased reasoning is usually associated with 'System 1' (non-analytic, pattern recognition) thinking. METHODS:We review thi...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03507.x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The purpose of incorporating humanities teaching into medical education is to encourage students to develop into more sensitive and caring doctors who communicate well with their patients and colleagues. CONTENT:A unique 4th year student elective at the Medical College of Wisconsin incorporates reflective a...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01538.x
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With increasing numbers of general practitioners wishing to provide child health surveillance during the 1980s and the expected further increase with the 1990 General Practice Contract, a course in child health surveillance was developed. The content of the course was determined by a needs assessment of Welsh general ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1995.tb02838.x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the cueing effects inherent in conventional multiple choice questions (MCQs) present serious limitations, this format continues to dominate testing programmes. The present study was undertaken to estimate the effects of cueing when MCQs are used to test medical students, and to evaluate the reliability, valid...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1993.tb00284.x
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:The adverse patient event is an inherent component of surgical practice, but many surgeons are unprepared for the profound emotional responses these events can evoke. This study explored surgeons' reactions to adverse events and their impact on subsequent judgement and decision making. METHODS:Using a construc...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/medu.12058
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The General Medical Council has recommended that medical students should gain more experience in general practice. The study set out to determine patients' reactions to consultations conducted by a medical student alone prior to seeing their GP. DESIGN:A random sample of patients attending general practice ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00410.x
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
