Control of TH17 cells occurs in the small intestine.

abstract：:Formation of catalytically active RNA structures within the spliceosome requires the assistance of proteins. However, little is known about the number and nature of proteins needed to establish and maintain the spliceosome's active site. Here we affinity-purified human spliceosomal C complexes and show that they catal...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bessonov S,Anokhina M,Will CL,Urlaub H,Lührmann R

更新日期：2008-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Many animals rely on an internal heading representation when navigating in varied environments1-10. How this representation is linked to the sensory cues that define different surroundings is unclear. In the fly brain, heading is represented by 'compass' neurons that innervate a ring-shaped structure known as the elli...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kim SS,Hermundstad AM,Romani S,Abbott LF,Jayaraman V

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rab GTPases regulate all stages of membrane trafficking, including vesicle budding, cargo sorting, transport, tethering and fusion. In the inactive (GDP-bound) conformation, accessory factors facilitate the targeting of Rab GTPases to intracellular compartments. After nucleotide exchange to the active (GTP-bound) conf...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eathiraj S,Pan X,Ritacco C,Lambright DG

更新日期：2005-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell and lipid membranes are able to bend, as manifested during membrane fusion and the formation of non-lamellar lyotropic mesophases in water. But there is an energy cost to bending of lipid layers, called the curvature elastic energy. Although the functional form of this energy is known, a complete quantitative kno...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chung H,Caffrey M

更新日期：1994-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex roles are typically thought of as being fixed for a given species. In most animals males compete for females, whereas the females are more reluctant to mate. Therefore sexual selection usually acts most strongly on males. This is explained by males having a higher potential reproductive rate than females, leading ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Forsgren E,Amundsen T,Borg AA,Bjelvenmark J

更新日期：2004-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Piwi proteins and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have conserved functions in transposon silencing. The murine Piwi proteins Mili and Miwi2 (also called Piwil2 and Piwil4, respectively) direct epigenetic LINE1 and intracisternal A particle transposon silencing during genome reprogramming in the embryonic male germ line...

journal_title：Nature

authors： De Fazio S,Bartonicek N,Di Giacomo M,Abreu-Goodger C,Sankar A,Funaya C,Antony C,Moreira PN,Enright AJ,O'Carroll D

更新日期：2011-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:As the extracellular matrix at the original site of a neuromuscular junction seems to play a major part in the specificity of synaptic regeneration, considerable attention has been paid to unique molecules localized to this region. Here we describe an extracellular matrix glycoprotein of the elasmobranch electric orga...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Caroni P,Carlson SS,Schweitzer E,Kelly RB

更新日期：1985-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Excitatory amino acids (EAAs) are important neurotransmitters in the vertebrate central nervous system. Electrophysiological and ligand-binding studies indicate that at least three different receptor subtypes for EAAs exist--N-methyl-D-aspartate, kainate and quisqualate receptor subtypes--on the basis of the preferred...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wada K,Dechesne CJ,Shimasaki S,King RG,Kusano K,Buonanno A,Hampson DR,Banner C,Wenthold RJ,Nakatani Y

更新日期：1989-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A significant fraction of patients with advanced prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy experience relapse with relentless progression to lethal metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Immune checkpoint blockade using antibodies against cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (C...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lu X,Horner JW,Paul E,Shang X,Troncoso P,Deng P,Jiang S,Chang Q,Spring DJ,Sharma P,Zebala JA,Maeda DY,Wang YA,DePinho RA

更新日期：2017-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:An experiment by the Gates Foundation is food for thought for other research agencies. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：2008-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Demethylation at distinct lysine residues in histone H3 by lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) causes either gene repression or activation. As a component of co-repressor complexes, LSD1 contributes to target gene repression by removing mono- and dimethyl marks from lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4). In contrast, during ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Metzger E,Imhof A,Patel D,Kahl P,Hoffmeyer K,Friedrichs N,Müller JM,Greschik H,Kirfel J,Ji S,Kunowska N,Beisenherz-Huss C,Günther T,Buettner R,Schüle R

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alkaloids, secondary metabolites that contain basic nitrogen atoms, are some of the most well-known biologically active natural products in chemistry and medicine. Although efficient laboratory synthesis of alkaloids would enable the study and optimization of their biological properties, their preparation is often com...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Parr BT,Economou C,Herzon SB

更新日期：2015-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:There seems a real prospect that one of the infectious scourges of the past half century will not persist much beyond the present century, but polio will be only the second infection of human beings to be eradicated. Many more remain. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：1995-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Enzymes are the subset of proteins that catalyse the chemistry of life, transforming both macromolecular substrates and small molecules. The precise three-dimensional architecture of enzymes permits almost unerring selectivity in physical and chemical steps to impose remarkable rate accelerations and specificity in pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Walsh C

更新日期：2001-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Called the "mystery of mysteries" by Darwin, speciation is still a little-understood area of evolution. Genetic analysis, however, has yielded new generalizations about speciation and suggests promising avenues of research. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Coyne JA

更新日期：1992-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to direct a movement towards a visual stimulus, visual spatial information must be combined with postural information. For example, directing gaze (eye plus head) towards a visible target requires the combination of retinal image location with eye and head position to determine the location of the target rela...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Snyder LH,Grieve KL,Brotchie P,Andersen RA

更新日期：1998-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiosperms developed floral nectaries that reward pollinating insects. Although nectar function and composition have been characterized, the mechanism of nectar secretion has remained unclear. Here we identify SWEET9 as a nectary-specific sugar transporter in three eudicot species: Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lin IW,Sosso D,Chen LQ,Gase K,Kim SG,Kessler D,Klinkenberg PM,Gorder MK,Hou BH,Qu XQ,Carter CJ,Baldwin IT,Frommer WB

更新日期：2014-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Diapycnal mixing (across density surfaces) is an important process in the global ocean overturning circulation. Mixing in the interior of most of the ocean, however, is thought to have a magnitude just one-tenth of that required to close the global circulation by the downward mixing of less dense waters. Some of this ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Watson AJ,Ledwell JR,Messias MJ,King BA,Mackay N,Meredith MP,Mills B,Naveira Garabato AC

更新日期：2013-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The tips of mammalian digits can regenerate after amputation, like those of amphibians. It is unknown why this capacity is limited to the area associated with the nail. Here we show that nail stem cells (NSCs) reside in the proximal nail matrix and that the mechanisms governing NSC differentiation are coupled directly...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Takeo M,Chou WC,Sun Q,Lee W,Rabbani P,Loomis C,Taketo MM,Ito M

更新日期：2013-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Two approaches to the antibody-directed targeting of toxic or cytolytic activity and augmentation of cellular immune responses have been explored for tumour immunotherapy, but so far success has been limited. Obstacles facing immunotherapy are the limited accessibility of antibodies or antibody conjugates to solid tum...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chen SY,Yang AG,Chen JD,Kute T,King CR,Collier J,Cong Y,Yao C,Huang XF

更新日期：1997-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The small martian satellites Phobos and Deimos orbit in synchronous rotation with inclinations of only 0.01 degrees and 0.92 degrees , respectively, relative to the planet's equatorial plane. Thus, an observer at near-equatorial latitudes on Mars could occasionally observe solar eclipses by these satellites (see ref. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bell JF 3rd,Lemmon MT,Duxbury TC,Hubbard MY,Wolff MJ,Squyres SW,Craig L,Ludwinski JM

更新日期：2005-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:High pressure is known to influence electronic structure and crystal packing, and can in some cases even induce compound formation between elements that do not bond under ambient conditions. Here we present a computational study showing that high pressure fundamentally alters the reactivity of the light elements lithi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Feng J,Hennig RG,Ashcroft NW,Hoffmann R

更新日期：2008-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The neural crest, a source of many different cell types in vertebrate embryos, has not been identified in other chordates. Current opinion therefore holds that neural crest cells were a vertebrate innovation. Here we describe a migratory cell population resembling neural crest cells in the ascidian urochordate Ecteina...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jeffery WR,Strickler AG,Yamamoto Y

更新日期：2004-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The way in which proteins attain and maintain their final form is of fundamental importance. Recent work has focused on the role of a set of ubiquitous proteins, termed chaperonins, in the assembly of phage and multisubunit proteins. The range of chaperonin action is unknown; they could interact with most cellular pol...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Van Dyk TK,Gatenby AA,LaRossa RA

更新日期：1989-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Guided by brain-like 'spiking' computational frameworks, neuromorphic computing-brain-inspired computing for machine intelligence-promises to realize artificial intelligence while reducing the energy requirements of computing platforms. This interdisciplinary field began with the implementation of silicon circuits for...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Roy K,Jaiswal A,Panda P

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first nerve cells to appear in the limb buds of embryonic grasshoppers are a pair which lie at the distal tip and project axons along the length of the limb to the central nervous system (CNS). The stereotyped route navigated by these 'pioneer' axons is followed by other neurones and eventually becomes that of a m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bentley D,Caudy M

更新日期：1983-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of the TOR signalling pathway by genetic or pharmacological intervention extends lifespan in invertebrates, including yeast, nematodes and fruitflies; however, whether inhibition of mTOR signalling can extend lifespan in a mammalian species was unknown. Here we report that rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mTO...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Harrison DE,Strong R,Sharp ZD,Nelson JF,Astle CM,Flurkey K,Nadon NL,Wilkinson JE,Frenkel K,Carter CS,Pahor M,Javors MA,Fernandez E,Miller RA

更新日期：2009-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Because it is so tall, the giraffe, Giraffa camelopardalis, provides an important animal model for investigating adaptive mechanisms to orthostatic (gravitational) pressure changes. Previous physiological studies of the giraffe have concentrated on arterial blood pressures in the heart and neck. Briefly, these investi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hargens AR,Millard RW,Pettersson K,Johansen K

更新日期：1987-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Phytoplankton size structure is acknowledged as a fundamental property determining energy flow through 'microbial' or 'herbivore' pathways. The balance between these two pathways determines the ability of the ecosystem to recycle carbon within the upper layer or to export it to the ocean interior. Small cells are usua...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rodríguez J,Tintoré J,Allen JT,Blanco JM,Gomis D,Reul A,Ruiz J,Rodríguez V,Echevarría F,Jiménez-Gómez F

更新日期：2001-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Substitutions of single glycine residues of alpha 1(I) collagen have previously been associated with the inherited disease osteogenesis imperfecta type II. Transgenic mice bearing a mutant alpha 1(I) collagen gene into which specific glycine substitutions have been engineered show a dominant lethal phenotype character...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stacey A,Bateman J,Choi T,Mascara T,Cole W,Jaenisch R

更新日期：1988-03-10 00:00:00