Abstract:
:Vaccines are effective in preventing disease by stimulating the immune system and sustaining an immune response towards eradication of pathogens and diseased cells. However, designing successful vaccines is not always straightforward. For a vaccine to be successful, antigen-presenting cells (APC) need to be stimulated, primarily by adjuvants, towards a sustained immune response through integration of the innate and adaptive (humoral and cellular) immune systems. Furthermore, there is an immediate need for safe and effective adjuvants. There has been significant progress in understanding the mechanisms on how vaccines work and the role of adjuvants, dendritic cells, and the toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway. Currently, different adjuvants are actively explored but the potential of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) as a vaccine adjuvant has been overlooked. This article hypothesizes how the IgM molecule could function as a vaccine adjuvant by acting as a "soluble" toll-like receptor (TLR) through the formation of an immune complex with antigen (Ag) and other components of the innate immune system. The complex should lead to sustained humoral and/or cell-mediated immune responses. Hypothetically, it is also possible that the Ag-IgM complex recruits other components of complement or other factors that can activate other members of the adaptive immune system. As it is now possible to produce commercial-scale quantities of monoclonal human IgM antibodies, understanding the role of the IgM in linking the innate and adaptive immune systems may lead to practical therapeutic applications.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Ilag LLdoi
10.1016/j.mehy.2011.06.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-01 00:00:00pages
473-8issue
4eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306-9877(11)00271-4journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a rare form of neuropathic pain that results in sudden, unilateral and recurrent pains in the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. The aetiology of TN remains unclear and several theories have been proposed. Many medical and surgical methods have been applied with ...
journal_title:Medical hypotheses
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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journal_title:Medical hypotheses
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 社论
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更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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