Abstract:
:The main purpose of the present study was to examine implicit and explicit self-esteem (SE) in patients with persecutory delusions. In samples of paranoid patients, depressed patients, and healthy controls, implicit SE was assessed using the experimental go/no-go association task, whereas explicit SE was measured using 2 self-reporting questionnaires: the self-worth subscale of the World Assumption Scale (Janoff-Bulman, 1989) and the self-acceptance subscale of the Scales of Psychological Well-Being (Ryff & Keyes, 1995). Our analysis revealed that depressed patients showed lower explicit SE than did paranoid and healthy control participants. However, participants with persecutory delusions had significantly lower implicit SE scores than did healthy controls. We interpret the discrepancies observed between overt and covert measures in the paranoid group as psychological defense mechanisms. The present study stresses the clinical and theoretical importance of the use of implicit measures in psychopathology.
journal_name
J Abnorm Psycholjournal_title
Journal of abnormal psychologyauthors
Valiente C,Cantero D,Vázquez C,Sanchez Á,Provencio M,Espinosa Rdoi
10.1037/a0022856subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-08-01 00:00:00pages
691-9issue
3eissn
0021-843Xissn
1939-1846pii
2011-04494-001journal_volume
120pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The rationale underpinning the diagnosis of acute stress disorder is that cognitive mechanisms result in avoidant processing of aversive experiences. This study investigated acutely traumatized participants with either acute stress disorder (ASD; n = 15) or no ASD (n = 14) and nontraumatized comparison participants (n...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data for Caucasian, African American, Asian American, and Latino college-student samples were compared for several popular self-report scales of psychopathology. Significant group differences were obtained for all scales, with the Caucasian sample consistently having the lowest means. Some gender effects and interacti...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.104.3.464
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of binge eating behavior in early middle school predicts future diagnoses and health difficulties. We showed that this early binge eating behavior can be predicted by risk factors assessed in elementary school. We tested the acquired preparedness model of risk, which involves transactions among personalit...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0027567
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children diagnosed with attention deficit disorder (ADD; n = 44), ADD plus aggression/oppositionality (ADD/O; n = 34), and as not meeting ADD criteria (NC; n = 29) received methylphenidate and placebo for 21 consecutive days each. Parents and teachers rated all groups improved under medication, but teachers reported l...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.103.2.206
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reciprocal relations between self-reported substance use and delinquency were examined through the analysis of 4-wave panel data collected from 1,218 high school students. A longitudinal, latent-variable framework was used to investigate interrelationships between changing patterns of generalized involvement in these ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.111.1.63
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alexithymia refers to difficulties in identifying, differentiating, and describing feelings. This personality trait is highly prevalent in many psychiatric conditions and may drive associated social-emotional problems, including the ability to decode emotions in faces. This study probed alexithymic problems with ident...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000361
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tests the hypothesis that psychopathy-prone adolescents show reduced anticipatory skin conductance responding. Electrodermal activity was recorded while participants anticipated and responded to a 105 dB signaled or unsignaled white-noise burst. Using an extreme groups design, the authors used Child Psychop...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.2.187
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, the authors examined the nature of emotion perception in schizophrenia. Two samples of people with schizophrenia, one receiving acute care for a recent exacerbation of symptoms and the other receiving extended care, were compared with a nonclinical control group on emotion perception and general percept...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study addresses 5 unresolved issues in the neuropsychology of antisocial behavior using a community sample of 325 school boys in whom neurocognitive measures were assessed at age 16-17 years. Antisocial behavior measures collected from age 7-17 years were cluster analyzed and produced 4 groups: control, childhood...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.1.38
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Former college students (n = 36) identified by high scores on the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HYP; Eckblad & Chapman, 1986) were compared with control participants (n = 31) at a 13-year follow-up assessment. As hypothesized, the HYP group reported more bipolar disorders and major depressive episodes than the control ...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paul E. Meehl's work on the clinical versus statistical prediction controversy is reviewed. His contributions included the following: putting the controversy center stage in applied psychology; clarifying concepts underpinning the debate (especially his crucial distinction between ways of gathering data and ways of co...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.115.2.192
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding how specific genes contribute to risk for addiction remains challenging. This study tests whether childhood temperament and externalizing behavior in early adolescence account for a portion of the association between specific genetic variants and substance use problems in late adolescence. The sample con...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000143
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite consistent documentation of associations between childhood negative emotionality and externalizing psychopathology, few genetically informative studies have investigated the etiology of that association. The goal of the current study was to delineate the etiology of the covariation of negative emotionality and...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0019342
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::As proposed in a prominent developmental model, social anxiety has different manifestations: social fear, shy temperament, anxious cognitions, and avoidance of social situations. Drawing from this model, we used the network approach to psychopathology to gain a detailed understanding of specific social anxiety compone...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000484
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anger can be defined as an emotion consisting of feelings of variable intensity, from mild irritation or annoyance to intense fury and rage. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by impulsivity and instability of interpersonal relationships, of self-image, and of negative affects. Borderline personali...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0026393
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have come to conflicting conclusions about whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with poorer memory for emotionally neutral information. The authors report a meta-analysis of 27 studies that investigated verbal and/or visual memory in samples with PTSD and healthy controls. The results ind...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.116.3.448
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2 experiments we investigated the effects of withdrawal and stress on the affective correlates of urges to smoke. In both, habitual cigarette smokers were divided into continuing and withdrawing smoker groups. In the 1st study, 44 adults reported current mood, urge, and expectations over a 24-hr period. In the 2nd,...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.4.617
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::When confronted with an anxiety-producing threat to self-esteem, restrained eaters (dieters) increase their food consumption. The functional explanation suggests that increased eating temporarily counteracts or masks dysphoria for the restrained eater; externality or stimulus sensitivity theories propose that distress...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.103.3.505
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tripartite model of depression and anxiety suggests that depression and anxiety have shared (generalized negative affect) and specific (anhedonia and physiological hyperarousal) components. In one of the 1st studies to examine the structure of mood-related symptoms in youngsters, this model was tested among 116 ch...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.105.3.401
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors examined the longitudinal association between externalizing and depressive symptoms using a sample of 185 young adolescents whose mothers had histories of depression. The relation between externalizing behaviors in 6th grade and depressive symptoms a year later was partially mediated by dependent social st...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.3.432
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::[Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 126(2) of Journal of Abnormal Psychology (see record 2016-56318-001). In the article, Figure 1 had incorrect axis labels. There was also an error in the abstract, which did not state that ΔFN was calculated as FN to losses minus FN to gains. All versi...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000237
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth of clinical science as a field depends on the work of engaged mentors nurturing future generations of scientists. Effective research mentoring has been shown to predict positive outcomes, including greater scholarly productivity, reduced attrition, and increased satisfaction with training and/or employment,...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000478
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mental health professionals have debated whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be qualitatively distinguished from normal reactions to traumatic events. This debate has been fueled by indications that many trauma-exposed individuals evidence partial presentations of PTSD that are associated with significant...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite clear diagnostic distinctions, schizophrenia and autism share symptoms on several dimensions. Recent research has suggested the two disorders overlap in etiology, particularly with respect to inherited and noninherited genetic factors. Studying the relationship between psychotic-like and autistic-like symptoms...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/a0028373
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The past several decades have witnessed a proliferation of research on the dark triad (DT), a set of traits comprising Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. The bulk of DT research has been marked by several core assumptions, most notably that each DT construct is a monolithic entity that is clearly separable...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000296
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::One component of individual risk for alcoholism may involve cognitive vulnerabilities prodromal to alcoholism onset. This prospective study of 198 boys followed between 3 and 14 years of age evaluated neurocognitive functioning across three groups who varied in familial risk for future alcoholism. Measures of intellig...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843X.113.2.302
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a sample of 35 family members of patients with recent-onset schizophrenia, attributions of control and the content of critical comments were compared for 2 relatives of the same household who held discrepant expressed emotion (EE) attitudes (1 high and 1 low) toward their mentally ill family member. Attributions an...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037//0021-843x.109.1.167
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research has suggested the existence of a pathological dissociative taxon. However, relatively little is known about this taxon. This study examined the 2-month retest stability of this taxon--together with other measures of dissociation and the Big Five--in a sample of 465 undergraduates. Contrary to expectation, tax...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.2.298
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors tested the cognitive vulnerability hypotheses of depression with a retrospective behavioral high-risk design. Individuals without current Axis I diagnoses who exhibited either negative or positive cognitive styles were compared on lifetime prevalence of depressive and other disorders and the clinical param...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social experiences may moderate genetic influences on alcohol dependence (AD) symptoms. Consistent with this hypothesis, Park, Sher, Todorov, and Heath (2011) previously reported interactions between the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and developmentally specific environments in the etiology of AD symptoms during em...
journal_title:Journal of abnormal psychology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/abn0000120
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00