Abstract：
:Thymulin is a well-characterized thymic hormone that exists as a nonapeptide coupled to equimolar amounts of Zn2+. Thymulin is known to have multiple biological roles, including T cell differentiation, immune regulation, and analgesic functions. It has been shown that thymulin is produced by the reticulo-epithelial cells of the thymus, and it circulates in the blood from the moment of birth, maintain its serum level until puberty diminishing thereafter in life. To study the localization of this hormone, we prepared polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against the commercial peptide and utilized immunocytochemical techniques for visualization. The results indicate that thymulin stains the thymic reticular cells, the outer layers of Hassall's corpuscles and a large round cellular type, which is keratin-negative and does not show affinity for the common leukocyte antigen (CD-45). In mice, this thymulin-positive cell remains in the thymus throughout life and even appears in relatively increased numbers in old involuted thymi. It also appears in thymus-dependent areas of the spleen and lymph nodes, demonstrating that at least one of the thymus cells containing this peptide can be found in peripheral lymphoid tissue.
journal_name
Biol Resjournal_title
Biological researchauthors
Folch H,Villegas JV,Leyan V,Barría M,Eller G,Esquivel Pdoi
/S0716-97602010000300005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
291-8issue
3eissn
0716-9760issn
0717-6287pii
S0716-97602010000300005journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The development of plant transformation in the mid-1980s and of many new tools for cell biology, molecular genetics, and biochemistry has resulted in enormous progress in plant biology in the past decade. With the completion of the genome sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana just around the corner, we can expect even fast...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracts prepared from seeds of Manilkara zapota, Anona squamosa, and Tamarindus indica were screened for their antibacterial activity by disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. Acetone and methanol extracts of T. indica seeds were found active against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. MIC values of p...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：/S0716-97602010000200003
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] possesses novel biological functions that are distinct from angiotensin II (Ang II). In coronary arteries, the octapeptide Ang II and the heptapeptide Ang-(1-7) exert opposing actions. Ang II elicits vasoconstriction and Ang-(1-7) is a vasodilator. Ang-(1-7) elicits vasodilation by an end...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:CCL2 was up-regulated in neurons and involved in microglia activation and neurological decline in mice suffering from hepatic encephalopathy (HE). However, no data exist concerning the effect of neuron-derived CCL2 on microglia activation in vitro. METHODS:The rats were pretreated with CCL2 receptor inhibit...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40659-017-0130-y
更新日期：2017-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last twenty years an important effort in brain sciences, especially in cognitive science, has been the development of mathematical tool that can deal with the complexity of extensive recordings corresponding to the neuronal activity obtained from hundreds of neurons. We discuss here along with some historical i...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：/S0716-97602007000500009
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently, a continuous growth of interest has been observed in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the light of an alarming increase in resistance of bacteria and fungi against antibiotics. AMPs are used as biomarkers in diagnosis and monitoring of oral cavity pathologies. Therefore, the determination of specif...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40659-015-0050-7
更新日期：2015-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Peroxisomes are thought to be formed by division of pre-existing peroxisomes after the import of newly synthesized proteins. However, it has been recently suggested that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) provides an alternative de novo mechanism for peroxisome biogenesis in some cells. To test a possible role of the ER-G...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/s0716-97602007000200014
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, that increases bone fragility and fracture risk and, therefore, has a serious adverse effect on the quality of life of patients. However, epigenetic mechanisms involved in the development of osteoporosis remain unclear. T...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1186/s40659-020-00309-z
更新日期：2020-09-16 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Zinc finger RNA binding protein (ZFR) is involved in the regulation of growth and cancer development. However, little is known about ZFR function in pancreatic cancer. METHODS:Herein, to investigate whether ZFR is involved in tumor growth, Oncomine microarray data was firstly used to evaluate ZFR gene expre...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40659-016-0086-3
更新日期：2016-05-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypothesis that the vacation-study-expectancy scholar regime produces most of the monthly rhythm of the age at menarche (AaM) was tested. Studies on monthly menarche incidence (MI) refuted climatic factors as a main factor in this rhythm, and indicated that the main factor of this rhythm is the succession of expec...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.4067/S0716-97602013000100003
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:X-Ray diffraction is the only method currently available for the determination of the detailed three-dimensional structure of macromolecules. In this article, the principles behind the use of X-ray crystallography in the study of protein structure are presented. The results obtained in its application to several enzym...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to arsenic via drinking water is considered as a worldwide problem. Studies have shown that arsenic exposure during pregnancy affects embryogenesis and offspring development in rats and mice. Zinc as a micronutrient regulates many physiological functions, including an antioxidative role under various toxic co...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/S0716-97602013000200003
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protein nucleolin, functionally involved in the main steps of ribosome biogenesis, is codified by a single copy gene in mammals. Here we report that at least three different genes codify for this protein in carp fish (Cyprinus carpio). This is the first description of the genomic organization of nucleolin in a tel...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/s0716-97602006000200017
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anti-inflammatory and redox protective effects of the citronellal (CT) were evaluated using in vivo and in vitro tests. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of CT (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) inhibited (p < 0.05) the carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity. Additionally, the carrageenan- and ...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：/S0716-97602011000400008
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is one of the main characteristics of heart failure patients with a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. As bilirubin is regarded as an important endogenous antioxidant molecule, serum total bilirubin levels were compared between heart failure patients with a p...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/0717-6287-47-7
更新日期：2014-03-26 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Limonoids are highly oxygenated compounds with a prototypical structure. Their occurrence in the plant kingdom is mainly confined to plant families of Meliaceae and Rutaceae. Owing to their wide range of pharmacological and therapeutic properties, this study was aimed at investigating the potential nitric ox...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40659-015-0049-0
更新日期：2015-10-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of kallikrein-kinin systems since the 1930's have now led to substantial insight into the importance of this vasoactive system in the regulation of cardiovascular and renal function. It now seems clear that before long, these insights will lead to new therapeutic attacks upon diseases of the cardiovascular sys...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compared with morphological and life history traits, quantitative genetic variation of metabolic and related traits in animals has been poorly studied. We used flow-through VCO(2) respirometry and simultaneous activity measurement on nymphs of the sand cricket (Gryllus firmus) from inbred lines to estimate broad-sense...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/s0716-97602007000100001
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bovine median eminence contains a factor difference from gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) than increases basal luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and potentiates GnRH-stimulated LH release. We compared the effect of hypothalamic neuropeptides on basal and GnRH-stimulated LH secretion using rat pituitary cells und...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Guanine nucleotide binding proteins (GTP-binding proteins) function as transducers of signals in different cellular processes. We have identified several GTP-binding proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi by Western blot analyses. Six polypeptide bands, p20, p25, p28, p31, p37 and p38, were specifically detected in epimastigot...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the fact that the concept of sheet-flow in the pulmonary microcirculation of mammals was introduced more than three decades ago, the capillary circulatory model still prevails in the physiological literature. Since cardiac output is identical in the systemic and in pulmonary circulations, it is noteworthy that...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/s0716-97602005000100007
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Accumulating studies have demonstrated that high-mobility group A2 (HMGA2), an oncofetal protein, plays a role in tumor development and progression. However, the molecular role of HMGA2 in ovarian carcinoma is yet to be established. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a group of small noncoding RNAs, negatively regulate gen...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40659-018-0199-y
更新日期：2018-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Hawthorn (Crateagus sp.) mostly occurs around the temperate region of the world with a high number of species, producing a fruit with numerous beneficial effects for human health. The aim of the study was to determine organic acid and sugar contents in the fruit of a number of hawthorn species grown in E...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/0717-6287-47-21
更新日期：2014-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tear desiccation on a glass surface followed by transmitted-light microscopy has served as diagnostic test for dry eye. Four distinctive morphological domains (zones I, II, III and transition band) have been recently recognized in tear microdesiccates. Physicochemical dissimilarities among those domains hamp...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40659-016-0089-0
更新日期：2016-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Asthma is a complex disease influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. While Madeira has the highest prevalence of asthma in Portugal (14.6%), the effect of both genetic and environmental factors in this population has never been assessed. We categorized 98 asthma patients according to the Glo...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/0717-6287-47-40
更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Hearing loss is the most common inherited sensorial deficiency in humans; about 1 in 1000 children suffer from severe or profound hearing loss at birth. Mutations in the GJB2 gene are the most common cause of prelingual, non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness in many populations; the c.35delG mutation is the most ...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/S0716-97602013000300003
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) is a key factor in the initiation and regulation of sociosexual behavior. The present study analyzes the effects of cohabitation and social challenge on plasma OXT concentration rates in guinea pig pairs in relation to male sociosexual behavior. The cohabitation phase lasted 3 days. On ...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/s0716-97602006000200007
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid and oligomers of caffeic acid with multiple catechol groups are all constituents of Salvia officinalis. Their antioxidant potential was investigated with regard to their radical scavenging activity and the stability and structure of the intermediate radicals. Pulse-radiolytic studies reve...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/s0716-97602004000200017
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Conjunctival filtering bleb scar formation is the main reason for the failure of glaucoma filtration surgery. Cytoglobin (Cygb) has been reported to play an important role in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, fibrosis and tissue damage repairing. This study aimed to investigate the role of Cygb in anti-...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s40659-019-0229-4
更新日期：2019-04-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Shigella flexneri causes bacillary dysentery in humans. Essential to the establishment of the disease is the invasion of the colonic epithelial cells. Here we investigated the role of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O antigen in the ability of S. flexneri to adhere to and invade polarized Caco-2 cells. The S. flexneri 2a...
journal_title：Biological research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4067/S0716-97602012000100003
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
