Abstract:
:From within an albino melanocyte line grown in vitro we identified and cloned cells that apparently had reverted to wild type. We sequenced a part of the tyrosinase gene, encompassing a candidate mutation, from wild-type, albino, and revertant cell DNAs. The revertant cells contain, on one chromosome, a perfect base reversion to the wild-type sequence of this candidate mutation, proving that this is the sole defect in the tyrosinase gene of albino mutant mice. The revertant cells readily regain the albino phenotype after freezing and thawing. Taking advantage of a Dde I restriction site created by the albino mutation, we demonstrated that the regained phenotype is due to allele loss involving the wild-type chromosome. The Dde I site also allowed us to show that all inbred albino mice carry the same mutation and so must be derived from the same progenitor.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Jackson IJ,Bennett DCdoi
10.1073/pnas.87.18.7010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-09-01 00:00:00pages
7010-4issue
18eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Transport of peptides across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum for assembly with MHC class I molecules is an essential step in antigen presentation to cytotoxic T cells. This task is performed by the major histocompatibility complex-encoded transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP). Using a combinat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.17.8976
更新日期:1997-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Climate change is expected to cause shifts in the composition of tropical montane forests towards increased relative abundances of species whose ranges were previously centered at lower, hotter elevations. To investigate this process of "thermophilization," we analyzed patterns of compositional change over the last de...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1506570112
更新日期:2015-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of CD5 increases progressively as thymocytes mature. We have shown that CD5 expression is controlled by a tissue-specific regulatory promoter located upstream of the CD5 translation start sites. Deletion of this regulatory promoter, which contains three potential transcription factor binding sites (CCAA...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0308764101
更新日期:2004-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::We have demonstrated the existence of human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF) [interleukin 10 (IL-10)]. cDNA clones encoding human IL-10 (hIL-10) were isolated from a tetanus toxin-specific human T-cell clone. Like mouse IL-10, hIL-10 exhibits strong DNA and amino acid sequence homology to an open reading fr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.4.1172
更新日期:1991-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The late Pleistocene witnessed the extinction of 35 genera of North American mammals. The last appearance dates of 16 of these genera securely fall between 12,000 and 10,000 radiocarbon years ago (approximately 13,800-11,400 calendar years B.P.), although whether the absence of fossil occurrences for the remaining 19 ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0908153106
更新日期:2009-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::T-regulatory cells (Treg) and mast cells (MC) are abundant in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors. Interaction between the two is known to promote immune suppression or loss of Treg functions and autoimmunity. Here, we demonstrate that in both human CRC and murine polyposis the outcome of this interaction is the generation...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913683107
更新日期:2010-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Transient expression of either alpha or alpha + beta subunits of the high-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (maxi-K) channel has been achieved in COS-1 cells. Expression has been studied using charybdotoxin (ChTX), a peptidyl inhibitor that binds in the pore on the alpha subunit. Although some properties of monoiodotyrosi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.7.2853
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were isolated from lysates of human eosinophil granules by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography on heparin-Sepharose. Radioimmunoassay, using monoclonal antibodies, of fractions from the heparin-Sepharose chromatography showed one peak...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.10.3146
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::HU, the major DNA binding protein of Escherichia coli, exists in solution as a heterodimer composed of two highly homologous subunits: HU1, encoded by hupB; HU2, encoded by hupA. The purification of the HU protein from hupA- or hupB- bacteria showed that the hupB mutant strains synthesize normal amounts of the HU2 sub...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.20.7691
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma samples exhibiting alloalbuminemia on electrophoresis at pH 8.6 were requested from clinical laboratories throughout Sweden. Nine variants, each representing a different single point mutation, were found in 100 apparently unrelated Swedes. The overall prevalence of alloalbuminemia was estimated at 1:1700. Mutat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.8225
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical genomics is a powerful approach to dissect processes that may be intractable using conventional genetics because of gene lethality or redundancy. Recently, a link has been established between endomembrane trafficking and gravitropism. To understand this link, we screened a library of 10,000 diverse chemicals ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0500222102
更新日期:2005-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::The history of the development of the Chandra X-Ray Observatory is reviewed from a personal perspective. This review is necessarily biased and limited by space because it attempts to cover a time span approaching five decades. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913067107
更新日期:2010-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::The "parallel-up" packing in cellulose Ialpha and Ibeta unit cells was experimentally demonstrated by a combination of direct-staining the reducing ends of cellulose chains and microdiffraction-tilting electron crystallographic analysis. Microdiffraction investigation of nascent bacterial cellulose microfibrils showed...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.17.9091
更新日期:1997-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::The convulsant agent methionine sulfoximine inhibits brain glutamine synthetase irreversibly and the inhibitor becomes bound to the active site of the enzyme as methionine sulfoximine phosphate. Only one of the four isomers of methionine sulfoximine, L-methionine-S-sulfoximine, inhibits glutamine synthetase. In the pr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.66.2.500
更新日期:1970-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cubic cage compounds composed of Co-CN-Ru linkages have been prepared which illustrate the following features: (i) new motifs for alkali metal ion complexation (i.e., cationic receptors for cations), (ii) a new family of triaza-metalloligands, and (iii) a double box-like cage. The cages are synthesized by the condensa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.062647799
更新日期:2002-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Volumetric detection and accurate quantification of fluorescent proteins in entire animals would greatly enhance our ability to monitor biological processes in vivo. Here we present a quantitative tomographic technique for visualization of superficial and deep-seated (>2-3 mm) fluorescent protein activity in vivo. We ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0504628102
更新日期:2005-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibition of human purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) stops growth of activated T-cells and the formation of 6-oxypurine bases, making it a target for leukemia, autoimmune disorders, and gout. Four generations of ribocation transition-state mimics bound to PNP are structurally characterized. Immucillin-H (K*i(1/4)...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913439107
更新日期:2010-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant adenoviral mediated delivery of suicide and cytokine genes has been investigated as a treatment for hepatic metastases of colon carcinoma in mice. Liver tumors were established by intrahepatic implantation of a poorly immunogenic colon carcinoma cell line (MCA-26), which is syngeneic in BALB/c mice. Intrat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.21.11302
更新日期:1996-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Two monoclonal antibodies directed against the native beta 2 subunit of Escherichia coli tryptophan synthase [L-serine hydro-lyase (adding indoleglycerol-phosphate), EC 4.2.1.20], one recognizing the C-terminal F1 domain and the other the N-terminal F2 domain, were used to detect immunoreactive intermediates in the fo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.5.1147
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous liposome formation is predicted in binary mixtures of fluid phase phospholipids and poly(n)ethylene oxide (PEO)-bearing lipids by using single chain mean field theory. The range of stability of the spontaneous liposomes is determined as a function of percentage of PEO-conjugated lipids and polymer molecula...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.3.1032
更新日期:1998-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular models generally used in the in vitro evaluation of anti-human immunodeficiency virus compounds are dividing cells. A model constituted by resting lymphocytes may more accurately reflect a drug's future efficacy in humans, since viral DNA synthesis is known to take place in quiescent cells, creating a res...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.23.11017
更新日期:1994-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::A great deal is known about the export of spliced mRNAs, but little is known about the export of mRNAs encoded by human cellular genes that naturally lack introns. Here, we investigated the requirements for export of three naturally intronless mRNAs (HSPB3, IFN-α1, and IFN-β1). Significantly, we found that all three m...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1113076108
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The periaqueductal gray (PAG) and amygdala are known to be important for defensive responses, and many contemporary fear-conditioning models present the PAG as downstream of the amygdala, directing the appropriate behavior (i.e., freezing or fleeing). However, empirical studies of this circuitry are inconsistent and w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1310845110
更新日期:2013-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::The oligodendrocyte (Od), a glial cell that produces myelin in the central nervous system, may be a target for autoreactive T cells in autoimmune demyelinating processes, although not expressing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) products. To analyze Od-T-cell interactions, we selected from normal SJL/J mouse sple...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.8.2824
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::State-of-the-art NMR spectrometers using superconducting magnets have enabled, with their ultrafine spectral resolution, the determination of the structure of large molecules such as proteins, which is one of the most profound applications of modern NMR spectroscopy. Many chemical and biotechnological applications, ho...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1402015111
更新日期:2014-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Pbx-regulating protein-1 (Prep1) is a tumor suppressor, whereas myeloid ecotropic viral integration site-1 (Meis1) is an oncogene. We show that, to perform these activities in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, both proteins competitively heterodimerize with pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox-1 (Pbx1). Meis1 alone transforms Prep...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1321200111
更新日期:2014-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Salt production and trade is thought to be critical to the development of all states and emergent empires. Until now, however, scientific evidence of early salt production has rarely been presented, and no studies of early Chinese salt production have provided unequivocal proof. Here, we report x-ray fluorescence, x-r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0502985102
更新日期:2005-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike other cation channels, each subunit of most transient receptor potential (TRP) channels has an additional TRP-domain helix with an invariant tryptophan immediately trailing the gate-bearing S6. Recent cryo-electron microscopy of TRP vanilloid subfamily, member 1 structures revealed that this domain is a five-tu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1502366112
更新日期:2015-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::An Escherichia coli chromosomal DNA fragment cloned on a multicopy plasmid conferred resistance to carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, nalidixic acid, and a number of other toxic compounds. The sequence of the cloned emr locus located at minute 57.5 of the chromosome revealed two open reading frames, emrA and emr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.19.8938
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally accepted that healthy cells degrade their own mitochondria. Here, we report that retinal ganglion cell axons of WT mice shed mitochondria at the optic nerve head (ONH), and that these mitochondria are internalized and degraded by adjacent astrocytes. EM demonstrates that mitochondria are shed through f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1404651111
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00