Synergistic anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 effect of hydroxamate compounds with 2',3'-dideoxyinosine in infected resting human lymphocytes.

abstract：:The three-dimensional structure of alpha-cobra-toxin, the "long" neurotoxin from the venom of Naja naja siamensis, has been determined at 2.8-A resolution. Crystals grown as hexagonal needles have space group P6522 with unit cell parameters a = b = 74.59 A, c = 42.89 A; one molecule per asymmetric unit. Phases were de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walkinshaw MD,Saenger W,Maelicke A

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The stereospecificity of the beta-adrenergic receptor of turkey erythrocyte ghosts was studied. Binding of the specific beta-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol, was found to occur exclusively with the l-stereoisomer. The stereospecificity of catecholamine binding was determined by assaying the ability of the catechola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Atlas D,Steer ML,Levitzki A

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A hierarchy of residue density assessments and packing properties in protein structures are contrasted, including a regular density, a variety of charge densities, a hydrophobic density, a polar density, and an aromatic density. These densities are investigated by alternative distance measures and also at the interfac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baud F,Karlin S

更新日期：1999-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:In mouse and human, the beta-globin genes reside in a linear array that is associated with a positive regulatory element located 5' to the genes known as the locus control region (LCR). The sequences of the mouse and human beta-globin LCRs are homologous, indicating conservation of an essential function in beta-globin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bulger M,van Doorninck JH,Saitoh N,Telling A,Farrell C,Bender MA,Felsenfeld G,Axel R,Groudine M

更新日期：1999-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the role of the myosin hinge region in muscle contraction, we examined the contraction characteristics and Mg-ATPase activity of glycerinated muscle fibers prepared from rabbit psoas in the presence and absence of polyclonal antibody directed against the subfragment 2 (S-2) region of myosin. The antibod...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sugi H,Kobayashi T,Gross T,Noguchi K,Karr T,Harrington WF

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroglobin (Ngb), a vertebrate globin expressed primarily in neurons, is induced by and protects against neuronal hypoxia and cerebral ischemia. To investigate the spectrum and mechanism of Ngb's neuroprotective action, we studied the effect of transgenic overexpression of Ngb on NMDA and beta-amyloid (Abeta) toxicit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khan AA,Mao XO,Banwait S,Jin K,Greenberg DA

更新日期：2007-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Noonan syndrome (NS) is a relatively common genetic disorder, characterized by typical facies, short stature, developmental delay, and cardiac abnormalities. Known causative genes account for 70-80% of clinically diagnosed NS patients, but the genetic basis for the remaining 20-30% of cases is unknown. We performed ne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen PC,Yin J,Yu HW,Yuan T,Fernandez M,Yung CK,Trinh QM,Peltekova VD,Reid JG,Tworog-Dube E,Morgan MB,Muzny DM,Stein L,McPherson JD,Roberts AE,Gibbs RA,Neel BG,Kucherlapati R

更新日期：2014-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Scores of homeobox gene-encoded transcription factors are expressed in a definite spatiotemporal pattern during embryogenesis and regulate a series of as yet unidentified target genes to help coordinate the morphogenetic process. We have suggested that homeobox gene products modulate the expression of adhesion molecul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jones FS,Holst BD,Minowa O,De Robertis EM,Edelman GM

更新日期：1993-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:For centuries ecologists have studied how the diversity and functional traits of plant and animal communities vary across biomes. In contrast, we have only just begun exploring similar questions for soil microbial communities despite soil microbes being the dominant engines of biogeochemical cycles and a major pool of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fierer N,Leff JW,Adams BJ,Nielsen UN,Bates ST,Lauber CL,Owens S,Gilbert JA,Wall DH,Caporaso JG

更新日期：2012-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Three classes of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (HnRNA) alpha, beta, and gamma, with different chemical and physical properties, can be identified in the early sea urchin embryo by hybridization with poly(U). The relative amounts of these classes vary as a function of embryonic development. It is demonstrated here that the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dubroff LM

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inherited single gene defects have been identified in both humans and mice that lead to loss of developmental control over the left-right asymmetry of the heart and viscera. In mice the recessively inherited mutation iv leads to such apparent loss of control over situs: 50% of iv/iv mice exhibit situs inversus and 50%...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brueckner M,D'Eustachio P,Horwich AL

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrocortisone at physiological concentrations reversibly inhibits DNA synthesis in ST1 cells (a line of mouse fibroblasts possessing 40 chromosomes and derived from Swiss 3T3 cells). This inhibitory activity is a property of glucocorticoids, but the beta-OH of C-11 of glucocorticoids is not essential for the inhibiti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Armelin MC,Armelin HA

更新日期：1978-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebral organization during sentence processing in English and in American Sign Language (ASL) was characterized by employing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 4 T. Effects of deafness, age of language acquisition, and bilingualism were assessed by comparing results from (i) normally hearing, monolingua...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Neville HJ,Bavelier D,Corina D,Rauschecker J,Karni A,Lalwani A,Braun A,Clark V,Jezzard P,Turner R

更新日期：1998-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Under a stretching force, the sugar ring of polysaccharide molecules switches from the chair to the boat-like or inverted chair conformation. This conformational change can be observed by stretching single polysaccharide molecules with an atomic force microscope. In those early experiments, the molecules were stretche...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marszalek PE,Li H,Oberhauser AF,Fernandez JM

更新日期：2002-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Noncanonical DNA structures that stall DNA replication can cause errors in genomic DNA. Here, we investigated how the noncanonical structures formed by sequences in genes associated with a number of diseases impacted DNA polymerization by the Klenow fragment of DNA polymerase. Replication of a DNA sequence forming an ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Takahashi S,Brazier JA,Sugimoto N

更新日期：2017-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:129/SvEv mice with a loss-of-function mutation in the heterotrimeric G protein α-subunit gene Gnai3 have fusions of ribs and lumbar vertebrae, indicating a requirement for Gα(i) (the "inhibitory" class of α-subunits) in somite derivatives. Mice with mutations of Gnai1 or Gnai2 have neither defect, but loss of both Gna...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Plummer NW,Spicher K,Malphurs J,Akiyama H,Abramowitz J,Nürnberg B,Birnbaumer L

更新日期：2012-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA sequence complementary to Trypanosoma brucei mRNAs coding for the synthesis of the variant-specific antigens AnTat 1.1 and AnTat 1.8 have been cloned and characterized. These sequences have been used as probes to analyze the corresponding genes in the nuclear DNA. The two genes seem to be represented in several (t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pays E,Van Meirvenne N,Le Ray D,Steinert M

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of the gene encoding human hexabrachion (tenascin) has been determined from overlapping clones isolated from a human genomic bacteriophage library. The genomic inserts were characterized by restriction mapping, Southern blot analysis, PCR, and DNA sequencing. The coding region of the hexabrachion gene sp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gulcher JR,Nies DE,Alexakos MJ,Ravikant NA,Sturgill ME,Marton LS,Stefansson K

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A diploid strain of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was found to be heterozygous for two forms of the highly repetitious ribosomal DNA. These forms could be distinguished by the pattern of fragments produced after digestion with the site-specific restriction endonuclease EcoRI. The mode of inheritance of ribosomal DN...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Petes TD,Botstein D

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K-ATP channel) plays a key role in insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells. It is closed by glucose metabolism, which stimulates secretion, and opened by the drug diazoxide, which inhibits insulin release. Metabolic regulation is mediated by changes in ATP and MgADP concentrat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Trapp S,Tucker SJ,Ashcroft FM

更新日期：1997-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In everyday life, a macroscopic valve is a device with a movable control element that regulates the flow of gases or liquids by blocking and opening passageways. Construction of such a device on the nanoscale level requires (i) suitably proportioned movable control elements, (ii) a method for operating them on demand,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nguyen TD,Tseng HR,Celestre PC,Flood AH,Liu Y,Stoddart JF,Zink JI

更新日期：2005-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The ASCAPE agent-based modeling environment greatly eases the task of designing and investigating agent-based models. However, effective design can still require a relatively deep knowledge of programming and agent-based modeling. This issue has almost certainly slowed the adoption of agent-based modeling approaches t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inchiosa ME,Parker MT

更新日期：2002-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant plasmids containing mutant or wild-type adenovirus serotype 2 EIa genes that produce the 12S mRNA alone, the 13S mRNA alone, or both mRNAs were cotransfected into HeLa cells with plasmids containing the viral EIIa or EIII transcription units. The amount of RNA produced from the EIIa and EIII promoters was ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leff T,Elkaim R,Goding CR,Jalinot P,Sassone-Corsi P,Perricaudet M,Kédinger C,Chambon P

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alterations in the activity/levels of the extralarge G protein α-subunit (XLαs) are implicated in various human disorders, such as perinatal growth retardation. Encoded by GNAS, XLαs is partly identical to the α-subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gsα), but the cellular actions of XLαs remain poorly defined. Followi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： He Q,Bouley R,Liu Z,Wein MN,Zhu Y,Spatz JM,Wang CY,Divieti Pajevic P,Plagge A,Babitt JL,Bastepe M

更新日期：2017-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Neovascular diseases of the retina include age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, and together they comprise the leading causes of adult-onset blindness in developed countries. Current surgical, pharmaceutical, and laser therapies for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) rarely result in improved...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raisler BJ,Berns KI,Grant MB,Beliaev D,Hauswirth WW

更新日期：2002-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The Drake Passage (DP) is the major geographic constriction for the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and exerts a strong control on the exchange of physical, chemical, and biological properties between the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean basins. Resolving changes in the flow of circumpolar water masses through ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lamy F,Arz HW,Kilian R,Lange CB,Lembke-Jene L,Wengler M,Kaiser J,Baeza-Urrea O,Hall IR,Harada N,Tiedemann R

更新日期：2015-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Although sunlight provides the energy necessary for plants to survive and grow, light can also damage reaction centers of photosystem II (PSII) and reduce photochemical efficiency. To prevent damage, plants possess photoprotective mechanisms that dissipate excess excitation. A subset of these mechanisms is collectivel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leonelli L,Brooks MD,Niyogi KK

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) may act as regulators of morphogenesis by constraining cell motion, forming borders, and controlling intercellular communications that lead to embryonic induction. This postulated causal role of CAMs in inductive events was tested here in an in vitro system of feather induction. In the d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gallin WJ,Chuong CM,Finkel LH,Edelman GM

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychopathy is associated with persistent antisocial behavior and a striking lack of regret for the consequences of that behavior. Although explanatory models for psychopathy have largely focused on deficits in affective responsiveness, recent work indicates that aberrant value-based decision making may also play a ro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baskin-Sommers A,Stuppy-Sullivan AM,Buckholtz JW

更新日期：2016-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral shells are self-assembled protein nanocontainers with remarkable material properties. They combine simplicity of construction with toughness and complex functionality. These properties make them interesting for bionanotechnology. To date we know little about how virus structure determines assembly pathways and s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ivanovska IL,Miranda R,Carrascosa JL,Wuite GJ,Schmidt CF

更新日期：2011-08-02 00:00:00