Abstract：
:The key molecule for normal B cells is the surface Ig (sIg) of the B-cell receptor, which influences cell behaviour, even after neoplastic transformation. During B-cell maturation, sIg accumulates somatic mutations in the Ig variable region (V) genes and tumours retain these patterns, thereby revealing the point of differentiation of the B cell of origin. The importance of origin is strikingly illustrated in CLL where the two major subsets with distinctive clinical behaviour express either unmutated (U) or mutated (M) V genes. Biased selection of VDJ genes also occurs in CLL, allowing further identification of the normal B-cell counterparts, with U-CLL apparently derived from circulating naïve B cells. Surface IgM of CLL is functional, with evidence for ongoing interaction with antigen in vivo. Signalling connects to cell survival, proliferation and migration, key determinants of tumour cell behaviour. Probing of B-cell receptor-mediated signalling pathways, either constitutively activated or open for activation, reveals dynamic, possibly repetitive, stimulatory events, likely to occur in tissue sites. Subtle differences in signal responsiveness between U-CLL or M-CLL subsets, together with microenvironmental factors, may explain clinical outcome. Knowledge of the critical signalling pathways should reveal the steps vulnerable to inhibition and allow development of a new range of therapeutic drugs, targeted particularly against the more aggressive subset, U-CLL.
journal_name
Semin Cancer Bioljournal_title
Seminars in cancer biologyauthors
Packham G,Stevenson Fdoi
10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.08.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-12-01 00:00:00pages
391-9issue
6eissn
1044-579Xissn
1096-3650pii
S1044-579X(10)00076-3journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Cancer depends on cell death. It can emerge when cell death is deficient, and it could be treated through cancer-cell-specific induction of cell death. However, our understanding of cell death is still incomplete. While a few classical animal models have helped greatly in this respect, more may be learnt from non-clas...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.11.001
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI) interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a class of small regulatory RNAs mechanistically similar to but much less studied than microRNAs and small interfering RNAs. Today the best understood function of piRNAs is transposon control in animal germ cells, which has earned them the name 'guard...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.08.012
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As stated by Otto Warburg nearly a century ago, cancer is a metabolic disease, a fermentation caused by malfunctioning mitochondria, resulting in increased anabolism and decreased catabolism. Treatment should, therefore, aim at restoring the energy yield. To decrease anabolism, glucose uptake should be reduced (ketoge...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.01.005
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A key regulator of cell morphology is the actin cytoskeleton and it has long been appreciated that the cytoskeleton is characteristically altered in cancer. Actin is organized into polymeric structures with distinct dynamics which in turn participate in a wide variety of cell processes including adhesion, migration, c...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2007.08.004
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite continuous improvements in cancer management, locoregional recurrence or metastatic spread still occurs in a high proportion of patients after radiotherapy or combined treatments. One underlying reason might be a low efficacy of current treatments on eradication of cancer stem cells (CSCs). It has been recogni...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.02.003
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The HLA-G gene gives rise to six differently spliced mRNAs. The membrane bound HLA-G1 molecule containing all three extracellular domains presents peptides that follow motif requirements similar to those of classical HLA class I molecules. This isoform is also capable of inhibiting Natural Killer (NK) cells, but is on...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.1998.0105
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex meshwork of extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules filled with a collection of cells including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), blood vessel associated smooth muscle cells, pericytes, endothelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells and a variety of immune cells. In tumor...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.004
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maintenance and accurate propagation of the genetic material are key features for physiological development and wellbeing. The replication licensing machinery is crucial for replication precision as it ensures that replication takes place once per cell cycle. Thus, the expression status of the components comprising th...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.12.002
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are considered sensors for the nutritional state of the cell. The former is a branch of the glucose metabolic pathway that provides donor molecules for glycosylation processes, whereas the second requires co-translational N-glycosylation...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.04.001
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing evidence supports the notion that pharmaceutical targeting of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) systems offers the potential to treat human immune system disorders. This review describes this emerging area of research, which has the benefit of being supported by a relatively detailed understandi...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2007.12.007
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The escalating epidemic of overweight and obesity is currently recognized as one of the most significant health and economic concern worldwide. At the present time, over 1.9 billion adults and more than 600 million people can be, respectively, classified as overweight or obese, and numbers will continue to increase in...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.001
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is sufficient evidence to suggest that tumor growth elicits specific immune responses, including CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell responses that may delay tumor growth and could potentially be harnessed to eradicate cancer. Nevertheless the frequent outcome of cancer is lethality associated with uncontrolled growth and ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2005.11.006
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interferons are important cytokines which regulate antiviral, cell growth, immune modulatory and anti-tumor functions. These pleiotropic effects of interferons are brought about by a large number of cellular proteins, the interferon-inducible proteins. Investigation of the biochemical and cellular activities of some o...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2000.0312
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene vectors with an untargeted insertion profile have been explored in preclinical models and clinical trials for the transfer of potentially therapeutic genetic information into somatic cells that have a high replicative potential. The gene-modified cell population can be viewed as a genetic mosaic whose complexity ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.06.003
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data accumulating during the last two decades suggest that tumorigenesis is held in check by two major intrinsic failsafe mechanisms; apoptosis and cellular senescence. While apoptosis is a programmed cell death process, cellular senescence, which is the focus of this article, is defined as irreversible cell cycle arr...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.10.005
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical Oncologists have largely ignored the debate over genetic instability in human cancers. It is clear that genetic lesions themselves provide valuable information in the treatment of patients with cancer and those genetic lesions can be exploited successfully as therapeutic targets. Whether the mechanisms result...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.09.009
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mucins are large molecular weight glycoproteins characterized by carbohydrate sugars attached via 'O-glycosidic' linkages to serine or threonine. Mucins are synthesized by a variety of epithelial tissues as membrane-bound or secreted proteins, encoded by several distinct mucin genes. Numerous alterations of mucin-asso...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone marrow transplantation is currently used to treat a variety of life-threatening diseases. Its applications could be expanded if the risks of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a complex pathologic disease, could be reduced. Immunotoxins may provide a means to control drug refractory GVHD. This article will discuss...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.1996.0009
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human gut microbiota is a dynamic and variable system that can change over time and in response to different diets and treatments. There is currently no doubt that gut microbiota can provide interesting therapeutic opportunities, since it can metabolize biologically active molecules, drugs, and their precursors, and c...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.017
更新日期：2020-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Although much of cancer research relies on Nowell's clonal evolution hypothesis as a conceptual framework, large gaps remain in understanding how tumors develop. The multistage skin cancer model in mice provides continuing insight on fundamental aspects of tumor evolution. In this model, mutation of the oncogene Hras ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2005.06.003
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cysteine proteinase cathepsin B has been implicated in the progression of tumors from a premalignant to a malignant state. Activity of cathepsin B has been shown to be elevated in parallel with malignancy or metastatic potential of human and rodent tumors. These increases in cathepsin B activity correspond in part...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the major scientific breakthroughs in recent years and has revolutionized the way we look at gene regulation. Although we are still at a very early stage in understanding their impact on immunity, miRNAs are changing the way we think about the development of the immune sys...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.01.005
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although chemokines and their receptors were initially identified as regulators of cell trafficking during inflammation and immune response, they have emerged as crucial players in all stages of tumor development, primary growth, migration, angiogenesis, and establishment as metastases in distant target organs. Neuroe...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.10.009
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug repurposing is a strategy that aims to develop novel cancer treatments through the reuse of existing medicines developed in other disease areas. Such a strategy includes the identification of candidate drugs, clinical development, drug licensing, reimbursement and clinical implementation. This review outlines a l...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.01.008
更新日期：2020-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients with solid tumors. The majority of these deaths are associated with metastatic disease that occurs after a period of clinical remission, anywhere from months to decades following removal of the primary mass. This dormancy is prominent in cancers of the br...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.021
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded closed non-coding RNA molecules (ncRNAs), which are formed as a result of reverse splicing of mRNAs. Despite their relative abundance, an interest in understanding their regulatory importance is rather recent. High stability, abundance and evolutionary conservati...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.026
更新日期：2021-01-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The anaphase promoting complex/ cyclosome (APC/C), is an evolutionarily conserved protein complex essential for cellular division due to its role in regulating the mitotic transition from metaphase to anaphase. In this review, we highlight recent work that has shed light on our understanding of the role of APC/C coact...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.03.001
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the setting of cancer pathology, molecular characterization of tumors providing diagnostic and predictive information is acquiring more and more relevance. Moreover, the advent of innovative technologies continuously improves the knowledge of the molecular landscape of tumors and strengthens the links between clini...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.004
更新日期：2020-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:T cells of the adaptive immune system monitor protein degradation products via their presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules to recognize infected cells. Both macroautophagy and endocytosis target intra- and extracellular constituents, respectively, for lysosomal degradation. This results in a...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.03.005
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The frequent loss of the INK4a/ARF locus, encoding for both p16(INK4a)and p19(ARF)in human melanoma, raises the question as to which INK4a/ARF gene product functions to suppress melanoma-genesis in vivo. Studies in the mouse have shown that activated RAS mutation can cooperate with INK4a(Delta 2/3)deficiency (null for...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2000.0376
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
