Abstract:
:P-element-induced wimpy testis (PIWI) interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a class of small regulatory RNAs mechanistically similar to but much less studied than microRNAs and small interfering RNAs. Today the best understood function of piRNAs is transposon control in animal germ cells, which has earned them the name 'guardians of the germline'. Several molecular/cellular characteristics of piRNAs, including high sequence diversity, lack of secondary structures, and target-oriented generation seem to serve this purpose. Recently, aberrant expressions of piRNAs and PIWI proteins have been implicated in a variety of malignant tumors and associated with cancer hallmarks such as cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and increased stemness. Researchers have also demonstrated multiple mechanisms of piRNA-mediated target deregulation associated with cancer initiation, progression or dissemination. We review current research findings on the biogenesis, normal functions and cancer associations of piRNAs, highlighting their potentials as cancer diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic tools. Whenever applicable, we draw connections with other research fields to encourage intercommunity conversations. We also offer recommendations and cautions regarding the general process of cancer-related piRNA studies and the methods/tools used at each step. Finally, we call attention to some issues that, if left unsolved, might impede the future development of this field.
journal_name
Semin Cancer Bioljournal_title
Seminars in cancer biologyauthors
Lin Y,Zheng J,Lin Ddoi
10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.08.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-09-01 00:00:00eissn
1044-579Xissn
1096-3650pii
S1044-579X(20)30185-1pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small RNA (EBER) is the most abundant EBV viral transcript and is used as a target molecule to detect EBV-infected cells in tissues by in situ hybridization. EBER is expected to form double-stranded RNA-like structures. The results of the present study show that EBER contributes to onc...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.12.007
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.004
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.06.003
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer (BC) cell de-sensitization to Tamoxifen (TAM) or other selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulators (SERM) is a complex process associated with BC heterogeneity and the transformation of ER signalling. The most influential resistance-related mechanisms include modifications in ER expression and gene regul...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.12.004
更新日期:2020-12-07 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.03.017
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.05.001
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer cells are exposed to adverse conditions within the tumor microenvironment that challenge cells to adapt and survive. Several of these homeostatic perturbations insults alter the normal function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in the accumulation of misfolded proteins. ER stress triggers a conserved...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.01.011
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.04.010
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the viral sexually transmitted diseases most frequently diagnosed that include anogenital condylomas and squamous intra-$bepithelial lesions, among which the precursors of invasive carcinomas of the uterine cervix. In animal PV models, vaccination against L1 and/or L2 ...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/scbi.1999.0147
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.09.004
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.06.002
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/scbi.2000.0330
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/scbi.1997.0063
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Close international collaboration between pediatric oncologists has led to marked improvements in the cure of patients, seen as a long-term overall survival rate of about 80%. Despite this progress, neuroblastoma remains a challenging disease for both clinicians and researchers. Major clinical problems include lack of...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.07.002
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abstract::Tumor-stromal interactions induce expression of matrix metalloproteinases and serine proteases and, as shown recently, the cysteine protease cathepsin B. We speculate that such interactions upregulate the transcription factor Ets1, resulting in increased cathepsin B expression. This would be consistent with the observ...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2004.08.001
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.12.009
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.10.010
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abstract::Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) are a heterogeneous group of cancers arising from the mucosal lining of the oral cavity. A majority of these cancers are associated with lifestyle risk habits including smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and betel quid chewing. Cetuximab, targeting the epidermal growth factor r...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.011
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disseminated tumor cells are present in many patients at diagnosis. At a time when the disseminated disease becomes prominent, patients have already been treated with many cycles of therapy to which their metastases were also exposed. These metastases have genetically evolved from primary tumors. Furthermore, their in...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2012.03.005
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, work on the mechanism of action of the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor protein (pVHL) and studies on hypoxic gene regulation have converged, providing insights into both cellular oxygen sensing and cancer pathogenesis. pVHL is the recognition component of the E3-ubiquitin ligase complex involved in the d...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1044-579x(02)00103-7
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major cause of death from cancer is due to metastases that are resistant to conventional therapies. Several reasons account for the failure to treat metastases. First, neoplasms are biologically heterogeneous and contain subpopulations of cells with different angiogenic, invasive, and metastatic properties. Second...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/scbi.2001.0416
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The non-enzymatic glycosylation or non-enzymatic covalent modifications (NECMs) or glycation of cellular proteins result in the generation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that are associated with the epigenetics of cancer. Epigenetic modifications are inheritable changes without alterations ...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.019
更新日期:2020-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Bone marrow transplantation is currently used to treat a variety of life-threatening diseases. Its applications could be expanded if the risks of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a complex pathologic disease, could be reduced. Immunotoxins may provide a means to control drug refractory GVHD. This article will discuss...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug repurposing for cancer therapy is currently a hot topic of research. Theoretically, in contrast to the known hurdles of developing new molecular entities, the approach of repurposing has several advantages. Mostly, it is said that it is faster, safer, easier, and cheaper. In the real world, however, there are onl...
journal_title:Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.012
更新日期:2019-12-23 00:00:00