Abstract:
:We report the cloning and characterization of the biosynthetic gene cluster (crtE, crtB, crtI, crtE2, crtYg, crtYh, and crtX) of the γ-cyclic C(50) carotenoid sarcinaxanthin in Micrococcus luteus NCTC2665. Expression of the complete and partial gene cluster in Escherichia coli hosts revealed that sarcinaxanthin biosynthesis from the precursor molecule farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) proceeds via C(40) lycopene, C(45) nonaflavuxanthin, C(50) flavuxanthin, and C(50) sarcinaxanthin. Glucosylation of sarcinaxanthin was accomplished by the crtX gene product. This is the first report describing the biosynthetic pathway of a γ-cyclic C(50) carotenoid. Expression of the corresponding genes from the marine M. luteus isolate Otnes7 in a lycopene-producing E. coli host resulted in the production of up to 2.5 mg/g cell dry weight sarcinaxanthin in shake flasks. In an attempt to experimentally understand the specific difference between the biosynthetic pathways of sarcinaxanthin and the structurally related ε-cyclic decaprenoxanthin, we constructed a hybrid gene cluster with the γ-cyclic C(50) carotenoid cyclase genes crtYg and crtYh from M. luteus replaced with the analogous ε-cyclic C(50) carotenoid cyclase genes crtYe and crtYf from the natural decaprenoxanthin producer Corynebacterium glutamicum. Surprisingly, expression of this hybrid gene cluster in an E. coli host resulted in accumulation of not only decaprenoxanthin, but also sarcinaxanthin and the asymmetric ε- and γ-cyclic C(50) carotenoid sarprenoxanthin, described for the first time in this work. Together, these data contributed to new insight into the diverse and multiple functions of bacterial C(50) carotenoid cyclases as key catalysts for the synthesis of structurally different carotenoids.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Netzer R,Stafsnes MH,Andreassen T,Goksøyr A,Bruheim P,Brautaset Tdoi
10.1128/JB.00724-10subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-11-01 00:00:00pages
5688-99issue
21eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530pii
JB.00724-10journal_volume
192pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The toxR gene of Vibrio cholerae encodes a transcriptional activator required for the expression of the cholera toxin genes (ctxAB) and more than 15 other genes encoding secreted or membrane proteins. The latter group includes virulence genes involved in the biogenesis of the TCP pilus, the accessory colonization fact...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.9.2842-2851.1991
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight mutants of Bacillus subtilis deficient in xylan utilization were isolated and characterized genetically and biochemically. Each mutant was obtained independently after nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. All of the analyzed mutations were shown to be linked. Reciprocal transformation crosses revealed the existence of ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.156.1.257-263.1983
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::rRNA synthesis is the rate-limiting step in ribosome synthesis in Escherichia coli. Its regulation has been described in terms of a negative-feedback control loop in which rRNA promoter activity responds to the amount of translation. The feedback nature of this control system was demonstrated previously by artificiall...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.185.20.6185-6191.2003
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The initial reactions involved in the catabolism of fructose in Pseudomonas aeruginosa include the participation of a phosphoenolpyruvate:fructose 1-phosphotransferase system (F-PTS). Fractionation of crude extracts of fructose-grown cells revealed that both membrane-associated and soluble components were essential fo...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.149.2.534-541.1982
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxin and antitoxin (TA) gene pairs are addiction systems that are present in many microbial genomes. Sinorhizobium meliloti is an N2-fixing bacterial symbiont of alfalfa and other leguminous plants, and its genome consists of three large replicons, a circular chromosome (3.7 Mb) and the megaplasmids pSymA (1.4 Mb) an...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01104-13
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Rhizobium trifolii 0403 was isolated at different stages of growth and was examined for its (i) ability to bind a white clover lectin (trifoliin A), (ii) immunochemical properties, and (iii) composition. There was significantly more binding of trifoliin A to purified LPS and cells in ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.148.2.697-711.1981
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The YycFG two-component system is the only signal transduction system in Bacillus subtilis known to be essential for cell viability. This system is highly conserved in low-G+C gram-positive bacteria, regulating important processes such as cell wall homeostasis, cell membrane integrity, and cell division. Four other ge...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01936-06
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extent and nature of DNA polymorphism in the mutS-rpoS region of the Escherichia coli genome were assessed in 21 strains of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and in 6 strains originally isolated from natural populations. The intervening region between mutS and rpoS was amplified ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.182.19.5381-5390.2000
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fec region of the Escherichia coli chromosome determines a citrate-dependent iron(III) transport system. The nucleotide sequence of fec revealed five genes, fecABCDE, which are transcribed from fecA to fecE. The fecA gene encodes a previously described outer membrane receptor protein. The fecB gene product is form...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.5.2626-2633.1989
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligoribonuclease, an exoribonuclease specific for small oligoribonucleotides, was initially characterized 20 years ago (S. K. Niyogi and A. K. Datta, J. Biol. Chem. 250:7307-7312, 1975) and shown to be different from RNase II and polynucleotide phosphorylase. Here we demonstrate, using mutant strains and purified enz...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.177.14.4137-4139.1995
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Escherichia coli pap genetic determinant includes 11 genes and encodes expression of Pap pili on the bacterial surface. An RNase E-dependent mRNA-processing event in the intercistronic papB-papA region results in the accumulation of a papA-gene-specific mRNA in considerable excess of the primary papB-papA mRNA tra...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.178.3.683-690.1996
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas fluorescens strain KU-7 is a prototype microorganism that metabolizes 2-nitrobenzoate (2-NBA) via the formation of 3-hydroxyanthranilate (3-HAA), a known antioxidant and reductant. The initial two steps leading to the sequential formation of 2-hydroxy/aminobenzoate and 3-HAA are catalyzed by a NADPH-depend...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01098-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple copies of a gene require enhanced investment on the part of the cell and, as such, call for an explanation. The observation that Escherichia coli has four copies of initiator tRNA (tRNAi) genes, encoding a special tRNA (tRNA(fMet)) required to start protein synthesis, is puzzling particularly because the cell...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01620-14
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mode of synthesis and the regulation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (Fbpase), a gluconeogenic enzyme, and phosphofructokinase (PFK), a glycolytic enzyme, were investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae after growth in the presence of different concentrations of glucose or various gluconeogenic carbon sources. The ac...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.136.2.647-656.1978
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transglycosylation step of cell wall synthesis is a prime antibiotic target because it is essential and specific to bacteria. Two antibiotics, ramoplanin and moenomycin, target this step by binding to the substrate lipid II and the transglycosylase enzyme, respectively. Here, we compare the ramoplanin and moenomyc...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.05862-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Arctic plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2 secretes an antifreeze protein (AFP) that promotes survival at subzero temperatures. The AFP is unusual in that it also exhibits a low level of ice nucleation activity. A DNA fragment with an open reading frame encoding 473 amino acids was clon...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.186.17.5661-5671.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nonstarter lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus raffinolactis is prevalent in a wide range of environments, such as the dairy environment, but little is known about this species. Here, we present the draft genome of Lactococcus raffinolactis strain 4877, isolated from a natural mesophilic dairy starter culture. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01697-12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the capacity of the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus furiosus for DNA repair by measuring survival at high levels of 60Co gamma-irradiation. The P. furiosus 2-Mb chromosome was fragmented into pieces ranging from 500 kb to shorter than 30 kb at a dose of 2,500 Gy and was fully restored upon incubation at 95...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.14.4643-4645.1997
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The syrB gene is required for syringomycin production by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and full virulence during plant pathogenesis. Strain B3AR132 containing a syrB::lacZ fusion was used to detect transcriptional activation of the syrB gene in syringomycin minimal medium by plant metabolites with signal activity....
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.18.5784-5792.1991
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of a Yersinia pestis Delta caf1A mutant demonstrated that the Caf1A usher is required for the assembly and secretion of the fraction 1 capsule. The capsule assembled into thin fibrils and denser aggregates on the bacterial surface. Pilus-like fibers were also detected on the surface of Y. pestis. The capsule ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01840-07
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulation of intracellular allantoin and allantoate is mediated by two distinct active transport systems in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Allantoin transport (DAL4 gene) is inducible, while allantoate uptake is constitutive (it occurs at full levels in the absence of any allantoate-related compounds from the culture me...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.4.1684-1690.1987
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) particles play an important role in the processing of pre-mRNA. snRNPs have been identified immunologically in a variety of cells, but none have ever been observed in prokaryotic systems. This report provides the first evidence for the presence of snRNP-like components in two ty...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.7.1871-1878.1993
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emerging coverage of diverse habitats by metagenomic shotgun data opens new avenues of discovering functional novelty using computational tools. Here, we apply three different concepts for predicting novel functions within light-mediated microbial pathways in five diverse environments. Using phylogenetic approache...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/JB.01084-08
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DnaA protein concentration in Escherichia coli was increased above the wild-type level by inducing a lacP-controlled dnaA gene located on a plasmid. In these cells with different DnaA protein levels, we measured several parameters: dnaA gene expression; cell size, amount of DNA per cell, and number of origins per ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.20.6537-6545.1993
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myxococcus xanthus multicellular fruiting body development is initiated by nutrient limitation at high cell density. Five clustered point mutations (sasB5, -14, -15, -16, and -17) can bypass the starvation and high-cell-density requirements for expression of the 4521 developmental reporter gene. These mutants express ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metal-dependent superoxide dismutases (SODs) with a specific requirement for a manganese or iron ion for catalytic activity and copper- and zinc-dependent enzymes are essential for detoxification of superoxide anion radicals. Genome sequence analyses predict the existence of a nickel-dependent enzyme (NiSOD) as the un...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.186.22.7821-7825.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We detected inducible melibiose transport activity in cells of Enterobacter cloacae IID977. H+, but not Na+, was found to be the coupling cation for this transporter. We cloned and sequenced the gene encoding the melibiose transporter. A homology search of a protein sequence database revealed that this melibiose trans...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.13.4443-4445.1997
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three species of Desulfovibrio were found to have a high degree of ribosomal ribonucleic acid homology with Desulfovibrio vulgaris. Desulfotomaculum nigrificans, which is also a sulfate-reducing anaerobe, had only 38% ribosomal ribonucleic acid homology with D. vulgaris. The homologies of six other unrelated genera we...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.106.3.717-719.1971
更新日期:1971-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Doxtader, K. G. (Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.), and M. Alexander. Role of 3-nitropropanoic acid in nitrate formation by Aspergillus flavus. J. Bacteriol. 91:1186-1191. 1966.-Aspergillus flavus formed nitrate, 3-nitropropanoic acid (3-NPA), kojic acid, and a substance tentatively identified as N-formyl-N-hydroxy-gl...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.91.3.1186-1191.1966
更新日期:1966-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germaine, G. R. (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis), and D. L. Anderson. Binding of homologous polymerized deoxyribonucleic acid by Streptomyces griseus. J. Bacteriol. 92:662-667. 1966-An irreversible P(32) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) binding system is described for Streptomyces griseus S104. The 69% guanine plus c...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.92.3.662-667.1966
更新日期:1966-09-01 00:00:00