Abstract:
:CT scanning of the deceased is an established technique performed on all individuals admitted to VIFM over the last 5 years. It is used primarily to assist pathologists in determining cause and manner of death but is also invaluable for identification of unknown deceased individuals where traditional methods are not possible. Based on this experience, CT scanning was incorporated into phase 2 of the Institute's DVI process for the 2009 Victorian bushfires. All deceased individuals and fragmented remains admitted to the mortuary were CT scanned in their body bags using established protocols. Images were reviewed by 2 teams of 2 radiologists experienced in forensic imaging and the findings transcribed onto a data sheet constructed specifically for the DVI exercise. The contents of 255 body bags were examined in the 28 days following the fires. 164 missing persons were included in the DVI process with 163 deceased individuals eventually identified. CT contributed to this identification in 161 persons. In 2 cases, radiologists were unable to recognize commingled remains. CT was utilized in the initial triage of each bag's contents. If radiological evaluation determined that bodies were incomplete then this information was provided to search teams who revisited the scenes of death. CT was helpful in differentiation of human from non-human remains in 8 bags, recognition of human/animal commingling in 10 bags and human commingling in 6 bags. In 61% of cases gender was able to be determined on CT using a novel technique of genitalia detection and in all but 2 cases this was correct. Age range was able to be determined on CT in 94% with an accuracy of 76%. Specific identification features detected on CT included the presence of disease (14 disease entities in 13 cases), medical devices (26 devices in 19 cases) and 274 everyday metallic items associated with the remains of 135 individuals. CT scanning provided useful information prior to autopsy by flagging likely findings including the presence of non-human remains, at the time of autopsy by assisting in the localization of identifying features in heavily disfigured bodies, and after autopsy by retrospective review of images for clarification of issues that arose at the time of pathologist case review. In view of the success of CT scanning in this mass disaster, DVI administrators should explore the incorporation of CT services into their disaster plans.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
O'Donnell C,Iino M,Mansharan K,Leditscke J,Woodford Ndoi
10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.05.026subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-02-25 00:00:00pages
15-28issue
1-3eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379-0738(10)00280-Xjournal_volume
205pub_type
杂志文章abstract::3-Methylmethcathinone (3-MMC or metaphedrone) is a synthetic cathinone, recently introduced in the market of the new psychoactive substances (NPS), initially to replace mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone or 4-MMC), and rapidly widespread among drug users. 3-Methylmethcathinone is legally controlled in many countries, b...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.11.024
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bloodstain pattern analysts are sometimes called upon to determine the point of origin of a pattern of bloodstains. A derivation of expressions for the uncertainties deltaX and deltaY in the coordinates of the point of origin P(X, Y) of two bloodstains on a surface has recently been published. These uncertainties were...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.10.023
更新日期:2006-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The instant detection of explosives and explosive-related compounds has become an urgent priority in recent years for homeland security and counter-terrorism applications. Modern techniques should offer enhancement in selectivity, sensitivity, and standoff distances. Miniaturisation, portability, and field-ruggedisati...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.11.036
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The procedure used in this laboratory for removing and identifying contamination of hair specimens with drugs is demonstrated by its application to hair contaminated by various experimental models. The models include soaking; coating with drug followed by sweat conditions for 6 h; and soaking in a very high concentrat...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.04.024
更新日期:2004-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying the anatomical origin of skeletal elements is a basic and important part of a forensic anthropological investigation, but techniques for determining the side and ray of the phalanges are conspicuously scarce in the physical anthropology literature. Features of particular phalanges are important to aspects ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.09.012
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Several commercial PCR multiplex kits incorporate the amelogenin locus for the purpose of human gender identification. Consequently, erroneous results in the electropherogram profile of this locus can carry important forensic implications. In this study, dropout of the amelogenin Y allele was detected in 5 out of 77 p...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.002
更新日期:2007-03-02 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate medical statement conclusions in the criminal-legal process in suspected cases of child sexual abuse (CSA). STUDY DESIGN:An observational study of a random sample of 130 medically examined, police reported CSA suspected cases during 2001-2009. Medical statements were evaluated and their conclusi...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.03.006
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical signatures within the environment vary between regions as a result of climatological, geochemical and anthropogenic influences. These variations are incorporated into the region's geology, soils, water and vegetation; ultimately making their way through the food chain to higher level organisms. Because the va...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.08.016
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of synthetic cannabinoids (SC) has been widespread in certain groups of drug users for many years. In the scientific literature many intoxication cases and a number of fatalities after the use of synthetic cannabinoids were reported. In this paper three death cases are described with involvement of the synthet...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.10.042
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A multicentre retrospective analysis of 4450 autopsies carried out due to suspicion of medical malpractice in 17 German institutes of forensic medicine from 1990 to 2000 was performed for the German Federal Ministry of Health. During the time period analysed an increase of cases could be mentioned. The main results of...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.05.013
更新日期:2009-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::In literature, cases of nutmeg abuse have been described repeatedly, but only one fatal case of poisoning was reported [1]. In the present case, myristicin (4 microg/ml) was detected for the first time in the postmortal serum of a 55-year-old woman. Identification was achieved with the aid of UV-VIS spectroscopy and T...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00369-8
更新日期:2001-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Our study provides population genetic data on two population samples collected in a Hungarian speaking region of Transylvania, Romania. Allele frequency and profile databases were generated on 17 autosomal STR loci (D2S1338, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, D19S433, D21S11, VWA, FGA, TH01, T...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.10.020
更新日期:2006-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::The detection and identification of volatile compounds is essential to the successful undertaking of numerous forensic analyses. Biological olfactory systems possess the extraordinary ability to not only detect many thousands of distinct volatile compounds (odors) but also to discriminate between them. Whole-organism ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.07.004
更新日期:2013-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::In 2017, 47,600 overdose deaths were reported to be associated with the abuse of opioids, including prescription painkillers (e.g. oxycodone), opiates (e.g. heroin), or synthetic opioids (e.g. fentanyl) within the United States. The recent spike in the presence of synthetic opioids in lots of heroin distributed on the...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.04.019
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gladiator remains from a recently unearthed cemetery in ancient Ephesus (Turkey) offer a unique opportunity for proving common theories involving the weaponry and techniques of gladiator fighting based on the evidence supplied by cranial bones. This mass grave is the first of its kind to undergo a thorough osteologica...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.10.010
更新日期:2006-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery in 1934 of the badly burned, pyjama clad body of a young woman protruding from a roadside culvert near Albury, N.S.W., led to one of the largest investigations in the history of Australian crime. Two simple errors, made by a local dentist with no previous experience in forensic odontology called by the p...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(82)90110-4
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This case report describes novel methodology used to identify a 43-year-old post-mortem photo of a drowned male recovered from a London river in the 1970s. Embedded in an array of foils, police super-recognisers (n=25) possessing superior simultaneous face matching ability, and police controls (n=139) provided confide...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109910
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole exome sequencing (WES) and bioinformatics analysis were used to investigate potential disease-causing gene mutations in a sudden unexplained death syndrome (SUDS) case after autopsy and pathology tests failed to suggest an obvious disease mechanism. Following whole exome sequencing, a 3-step bioinformatics filte...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.08.022
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clothing damage analysis is an integral part of the examinations carried out in sexual assault type cases. This analysis can be used to corroborate different versions of events and is at its most powerful in elucidating false allegation cases and consent cases. The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.06.038
更新日期:2007-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Despite numerous instrumental achievements, canines are still considered the most effective field method for explosive detection. However, due to strict explosive regulations and safety requirements, it can be a challenge for agencies with "bomb dogs" to train using neat explosive materials. This establishes a need fo...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.05.019
更新日期:2011-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::To study the potential use of insects remains as toxicological indicators, we measured morphine in desiccated entomological materials using a radioimmunoassay method (Coat-A-Count Serum Morphine, Dade Behring, France) following enzymatic hydrolysis.First, enzymatic cuticle extraction of morphine (pronase digestion pre...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00428-5
更新日期:2001-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Physical fit examinations have long played a critical role in forensic science, particularly in the trace evidence, toolmark, and questioned documents disciplines. Specifically, in trace evidence, physical fits arise in various instances such as separated pieces of duct tape, torn textile fragments, and fractured poly...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110349
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histological methods can be used forensically to estimate age-at-death based on patterns of change in osteon shape, size, and population density, all of which result from the continuous process of bone remodelling. The present study examines the applicability of three existing histological age-at-death estimation meth...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109950
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::When tried in court, mothers accused of neonaticide may claim that the umbilical cord just broke during birth and the newborn child bled to death accordingly. To evaluate the possibility of a breakage of the umbilical cord is the goal of this work. Therefore 25 umbilical cords from neonates of both sexes born at term ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.12.002
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventeen Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (STRs), DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385ab, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, GATA-H4, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 were typed in DNA samples from the Kalmyk population (n=99). The population is characterized by a high proportion of duplicated DYS19 ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.11.013
更新日期:2007-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::The investigation of deaths due to the inhalation of volatile substances may be complicated by a lack of scene and autopsy findings. Mechanisms of death may not be determinable at autopsy, and there may be very few markers of inhalant abuse. A 21-year-old man is reported who died from the combined effects of methadone...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.10.008
更新日期:2007-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Following the introduction of limit values for blood alcohol and breath alcohol concentrations of 0.5 g/kg and 0.25 mg/L, respectively, as provided under s. 24 a of the German Road Traffic Act the question is whether also breath alcohol concentrations can be back calculated to the time of the traffic offence in cases ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.03.023
更新日期:2004-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::An improved capillary gas chromatographic method for the analysis of illicit diamorphine preparation is reported. The method was able to resolve the impurities and more frequent adulterants and contaminants present in street heroin preparations with a diamorphine detection limit of 0.2 ng in split-less mode. ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0379-0738(83)90129-9
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Material and failure analysis techniques are key tools for determining causation in case of explosive and bursting accident result from material and process defect of product in the field of forensic science. The boiler rupture generated by defect of the welding division, corrosion, overheating and degradation of the ...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.07.036
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Illicit cocaine samples (156), seized on Rome's illegal market between January 1996 and June 1997, were examined. Both the purity of the cocaine and the presence of substances employed for dilution were determined for each sample. Adulterants were found in many of the street samples analysed. Lidocaine (average 14.7%)...
journal_title:Forensic science international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(98)00102-9
更新日期:1998-08-12 00:00:00