Abstract：
:The Stroop test enables interference between color naming and reading to be studied. Protopapas et al. (2007) reported more errors in an interference task and longer reaction times in 12.5-year-old dyslexics; also more Stroop interference with lower reading skills. The present study uses a version of the Stroop with four color cards and aims to test interference and flexibility in older dyslexic teenagers. The four cards are: color naming, reading, interference and flexibility. In the latter, subjects have to name the color of the word inhibiting reading except when the word is inside a box. This flexibility task enables the testing of the capacity for cognitive switching between tasks. Ten dyslexics (15.1 +/- 0.7 years old) and fourteen controls (14.3 +/- 1.6 years old) participated in the study. All performed the color naming, the reading, the interference and the flexibility tasks in the same order. Subsequently, they performed a sequence of 60 saccades left-right followed by the interference task. Generally, dyslexic teenagers behaved similarly to non-dyslexics as they showed fewer errors in reading and color than in the interference and flexibility tasks. However, they made more errors and needed more time to accomplish each task than non-dyslexics. The results suggest that the inhibitory and attention processes required by the Stroop test are dysfunctioning even in older dyslexics. In contrast, the study shows no evidence for particular difficulty in the flexibility task, which would constitute an argument against problems with mental switching. Following the execution of saccades, errors in the interference test were significantly reduced for dyslexics, while the time was reduced for both groups. The effects are attributed to visual attention training via saccades.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Kapoula Z,Lê TT,Bonnet A,Bourtoire P,Demule E,Fauvel C,Quilicci C,Yang Qdoi
10.1007/s00221-010-2247-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
419-25issue
2eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
203pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We explored changes in the cyclical two-finger force performance task caused by turning visual feedback off performed either by the index and middle fingers of the dominant hand or by two index fingers of two persons. Based on an earlier study, we expected drifts in finger force amplitude and midpoint without a drift ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-018-5179-5
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of different cortical regions to visuospatial attention can be probed with the help of perturbation techniques, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Repetitive TMS (rTMS) has also been suggested as a tool for the therapy of brain injuries, by adjusting the neural excitability of injured or...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1449-y
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuronal responsiveness to three-dimensional (3D) motion in cat posteromedial lateral suprasylvian (PMLS) cortex was studied using a computer-controlled, stereoscopic 3D graphic display capable of reproducing the major visual cues for natural 3D motion, including motion disparity, size, texture, and shading change...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050509
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The saccadic system has been traditionally regarded as two-dimensional (horizontal, vertical) and basically conjugate in the two eyes. However, saccades to disparate targets (e.g., targets in real three-dimensional space that are located in different directions and at different distances) are naturally disconjugate. W...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050529
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Standing and walking are very different tasks. It might be reasonable, therefore, to assume that the mechanisms used to maintain the stability of standing and walking should be quite different. However, many studies have shown that postural stability measures can generally predict risk of falls, even though most falls...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-0224-6
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Slow eye movements were observed while the monkey fixated on a subject-stationary, small target light in front of a moving optokinetic drum in an attempt to suppress optokinetic nystagmus (OKN). These slow eye movements of low amplitude were directed opposite to the moving optokinetic stimulus and, hence, were not ide...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00248564
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine if PAG stimulation activates serotonin containing neurons in RM, intracellular techniques were used to identify raphe magnus (RM) cells that are excited by antinociceptive periaqueductal gray (PAG) stimulation in the cat. RM neurons that received a monosynaptic EPSP from PAG shock were intracellularly lab...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00279654
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies of spatial and temporal coordination between human mandibular and head-neck movements during single as well as rhythmic jaw opening-closing tasks suggest that these movements are regulated by central nervous commands common for jaw and neck muscles. The present study evaluated the spatiotemporal consi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-002-1157-y
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of the electromyogram (EMG) of tibialis anterior (TA) and medial gastrocnemius (GM) during locomotion was studied in normal rats from the onset of quadruped walking (postnatal day 10, P10) until P42. The objectives were to relate signal properties of the EMG and coordination of muscle activity to funct...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229036
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We employed binocular magnetic search coils to study the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and visually enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex (VVOR) of 15 human subjects undergoing passive, whole-body rotations about a vertical (yaw) axis delivered as a series of pseudorandom transients and sinusoidal oscillations at frequenci...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00005639
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent study by our group showed that the scaling of reach trajectories to target size is independent of conscious visual awareness of that intrinsic target property (Binsted et al. in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:12669-12672, 2007). The present investigation sought to extend previous work and determine whether uncons...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1385-x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motoneurones innervating the retractor bulbi muscle in the cat have been identified by retrograde labelling with horseradish peroxidase, by intracellular recording and by intracellular staining with horseradish peroxidase. Their somata are found in an accessory abducens nucleus, analogous to that described in some oth...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00239148
更新日期：1979-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of after-effects in adaptation tasks implies that an existing internal model has been updated. Previously, we showed that although observers adapted to a visuomotor perturbation, they did not show after-effects. In this experiment, we tested 2 further observer groups and an actor group. Observers were now...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-011-2996-1
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal development of motor function was compared to that of cats with spinal transections at birth (newborn operates) or at approximately two weeks after birth (two week operates). Newborn operates expressed motor behavior not seen until sometime later in normal newborn cats, suggesting that this behavior is normally...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00238857
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied over the occipital lobe approximately 100 ms after the onset of a stimulus decreases its visibility if it appears in the location of the phosphene. Because phosphenes can also be elicited by stimulation of the parietal regions, we asked if the same procedure that is used...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-3888-y
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For 1 week, healthy human participants ( n=7) were devoid of normal vision by exposure to prism lenses that optically rotated their perceived world around the line of sight by 180 degrees. Adaptation to such prisms involved sustained and vigorous practice of the ability to redirect the unadapted efferent motor command...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-002-1097-6
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite holding significant promise for counteracting the deleterious effects of ageing on cognitive and motor function, little is known of the effects of facilitatory non-invasive brain stimulation (NBS) techniques on corticospinal excitability (CSE) in older adults. Thirty-three older adults (≥60 years) participated...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4740-3
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light microscopic autoradiography and electron microscopy were used to trace the nigrothalamic projections and to study the sites of termination of this pathway in the cat. Injections of tritiated amino acids or electrolytic lesions were placed in the substantia nigra pars reticularis (SNr). An accumulation of radioac...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235569
更新日期：1978-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Within-arm somatotopy was identified in multiple motor areas of six normal human subjects who performed a visuomotor tracking task during positron emission tomography (PET) measurement of relative cerebral blood flow (relCBF). A randomly moving target, presented on a computer monitor, was continuously followed with th...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229666
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In our study we examined, in the rabbit, the interactions between temperature regulation and the state of increased vigilance and emotional arousal induced by a Classical Aversive Conditioning Procedure. A Delay Conditioning Procedure was used. The Conditioned Stimulus (CS) was a 1350 Hz, 85 dB tone, the Unconditioned...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00238813
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The parietal lobes contribute to body-space representation. The present work aims at characterizing the functional role of the inferior parietal lobe in body-space representation and at studying the different roles of the angular gyrus in the right and left hemisphere. We conducted three separate transcranial direct c...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-013-3538-9
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excitatory inputs to neurons in the Forel's field H (FFH) related to visually induced vertical saccades from the ipsilateral superior colliculus (SC) were investigated in chronically prepared alert cats. By stimulation of the deep or intermediate layer of the SC, upward augmenting neurons (ANs) and one long-lead downw...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230857
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two components of long-term potentiation (LTP) are distinguished with extracellular recording electrodes: a synaptic and an EPSP-Spike (E-S) component. The latter consists of the enhancement produced in the population spike amplitude in excess of that predicted by EPSP potentiation alone. The experiments carried out i...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229331
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cultured rat hippocampal neurons with short processes were investigated using the whole cell voltage clamp under conditions appropriate for isolating Na+ currents. After incubation of the neuron culture for a period of 15-30 min in 1 mM sodium valproate, several parameters of the Na+ current were changed. The peak Na+...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228395
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although several features of brain motor function appear to be preserved even in chronic complete SCI, previous functional MRI (fMRI) studies have also identified significant derangements such as a strongly reduced volume of activation, a poor modulation of function and abnormal activation patterns. It might be specul...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1465-y
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The review summarises current evidence on the cognitive mechanisms for the integration of spatial and temporal representations and of common brain structures to process the where and when of stimuli. Psychophysical experiments document the presence of spatially localised distortions of sub-second time intervals and su...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00221-009-1834-1
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiments were designed to investigate the neuronal mechanisms, at the level of the primary somatosensory cortex, which underlie the observation that somatosensory cortical potentials evoked by air puff stimuli directed at the forearm are decreased, in a nonspecific and widespread manner, during voluntar...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00231455
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) induces cortical excitability changes in animals and humans that can last beyond the duration of stimulation. Preliminary evidence suggests that tDCS may have an analgesic effect; however, the timing of these effects, especially when associated with consecutive sessions o...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-012-3149-x
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative studies were made of the distribution of labeled intracortical axons after focal injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into mouse barrel cortex, in vitro. The pattern of labeled fibers was compared to that of labeled cell bodies with respect to the barrel map in layer IV. We analyzed 4 cortices with ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00231244
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emotional memory consolidation has been associated with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and recent evidence suggests that increased electroencephalogram spectral power in the theta (4-8 Hz) frequency range indexes this activity. REM sleep has been implicated in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as well as in emotio...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-3857-5
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
