Abstract:
:Neuroimaging centers and pharmaceutical companies are working together to evaluate treatments that might slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common but devastating late-life neuropathology. Recently, automated brain mapping methods, such as tensor-based morphometry (TBM) of structural MRI, have outperformed cognitive measures in their precision and power to track disease progression, greatly reducing sample size estimates for drug trials. In the largest TBM study to date, we studied how sample size estimates for tracking structural brain changes depend on the time interval between the scans (6-24 months). We analyzed 1309 brain scans from 91 probable AD patients (age at baseline: 75.4+/-7.5 years) and 189 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; 74.6+/-7.1 years), scanned at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Statistical maps revealed 3D patterns of brain atrophy at each follow-up scan relative to the baseline; numerical summaries were used to quantify temporal lobe atrophy within a statistically-defined region-of-interest. Power analyses revealed superior sample size estimates over traditional clinical measures. Only 80, 46, and 39 AD patients were required for a hypothetical clinical trial, at 6, 12, and 24 months respectively, to detect a 25% reduction in average change using a two-sided test (alpha=0.05, power=80%). Correspondingly, 106, 79, and 67 subjects were needed for an equivalent MCI trial aiming for earlier intervention. A 24-month trial provides most power, except when patient attrition exceeds 15-16%/year, in which case a 12-month trial is optimal. These statistics may facilitate clinical trial design using voxel-based brain mapping methods such as TBM.
journal_name
Neuroimagejournal_title
NeuroImageauthors
Hua X,Lee S,Hibar DP,Yanovsky I,Leow AD,Toga AW,Jack CR Jr,Bernstein MA,Reiman EM,Harvey DJ,Kornak J,Schuff N,Alexander GE,Weiner MW,Thompson PM,Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.doi
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.104subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-15 00:00:00pages
63-75issue
1eissn
1053-8119issn
1095-9572pii
S1053-8119(10)00143-6journal_volume
51pub_type
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