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The z-spectrum from human blood at 7T.

Abstract：

:Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) has been used to assess healthy and pathological tissue in both animals and humans. However, the CEST signal from blood has not been fully assessed. This paper presents the CEST and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) signals detected in human blood measured via z-spectrum analysis. We assessed the effects of blood oxygenation levels, haematocrit, cell structure and pH upon the z-spectrum in ex vivo human blood for different saturation powers at 7T. The data were analysed using Lorentzian difference (LD) model fitting and AREX (to compensate for changes in T1), which have been successfully used to study CEST effects in vivo. Full Bloch-McConnell fitting was also performed to provide an initial estimate of exchange rates and transverse relaxation rates of the various pools. CEST and NOE signals were observed at 3.5 ppm, -1.7 ppm and -3.5 ppm and were found to originate primarily from the red blood cells (RBCs), although the amide proton transfer (APT) CEST effect, and NOEs showed no dependence upon oxygenation levels. Upon lysing, the APT and NOE signals fell significantly. Different pH levels in blood resulted in changes in both the APT and NOE (at -3.5 ppm), which suggests that this NOE signal is in part an exchange relayed process. These results will be important for assessing in vivo z-spectra.

journal_name

Neuroimage

journal_title

NeuroImage

authors

Shah SM,Mougin OE,Carradus AJ,Geades N,Dury R,Morley W,Gowland PA

doi

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.10.053

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-02-15 00:00:00

pages

31-40

eissn

1053-8119

issn

1095-9572

pii

S1053-8119(17)30887-X

journal_volume

167

pub_type

杂志文章

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