Abstract：
:Human contrast discrimination performance is limited by transduction nonlinearities and variability of the neural representation (noise). Whereas the nonlinearities have been well-characterised, there is less agreement about the specifics of internal noise. Psychophysical models assume that it impacts late in sensory processing, whereas neuroimaging and intracranial electrophysiology studies suggest that the noise is much earlier. We investigated whether perceptually-relevant internal noise arises in early visual areas or later decision making areas. We recorded EEG and MEG during a two-interval-forced-choice contrast discrimination task and used multivariate pattern analysis to decode target/non-target and selected/non-selected intervals from evoked responses. We found that perceptual decisions could be decoded from both EEG and MEG signals, even when the stimuli in both intervals were physically identical. Above-chance decision classification started <100 ms after stimulus onset, suggesting that neural noise affects sensory signals early in the visual pathway. Classification accuracy increased over time, peaking at >500 ms. Applying multivariate analysis to separate anatomically-defined brain regions in MEG source space, we found that occipital regions were informative early on but then information spreads forwards across parietal and frontal regions. This is consistent with neural noise affecting sensory processing at multiple stages of perceptual decision making. We suggest how early sensory noise might be resolved with Birdsall's linearisation, in which a dominant noise source obscures subsequent nonlinearities, to allow the visual system to preserve the wide dynamic range of early areas whilst still benefitting from contrast-invariance at later stages. A preprint of this work is available at: https://doi.org/10.1101/364612.
journal_name
Neuroimagejournal_title
NeuroImageauthors
Vilidaite G,Marsh E,Baker DHdoi
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.02.049subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-01 00:00:00pages
503-517eissn
1053-8119issn
1095-9572pii
S1053-8119(19)30145-4journal_volume
191pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEUROIMAGE文献大全abstract：:The superior capability of chess experts largely depends on quick automatic processing skills which are considered to be mediated by the caudate nucleus. We asked whether continued practice or rehearsal of the skill over a long period of time can lead to structural changes in this region. We found that, comparing to n...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.01.047
更新日期：2012-04-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The temporal structure of self-generated cognition is a key attribute to the formation of a meaningful stream of consciousness. When at rest, our mind wanders from thought to thought in distinct mental states. Despite the marked importance of ongoing mental processes, it is challenging to capture and relate these stat...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.029
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelin water imaging (MWI) promises to be invaluable in understanding neurological diseases like MS. However, a limitation of MWI is signal to noise ratio. Recently, a number of investigators have performed MWI at field strengths higher than 1.5 T. Our goal was to determine if myelin water imaging at increased SNR, ar...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.008
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human ventral visual stream consists of several areas that are considered processing stages essential for perception and recognition. A fundamental microanatomical feature differentiating areas is cytoarchitecture, which refers to the distribution, size, and density of cells across cortical layers. Because cytoarc...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.040
更新日期：2018-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) is a technique for mapping oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and deoxygenated blood volume (DBV) in the human brain. Recent measurements using an asymmetric spin echo (ASE) based qBOLD approach produced estimates of DBV which were systematically higher than measurements from other techniques. ...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116035
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multi-band echo planar imaging (MB-EPI), a new approach to increase data acquisition efficiency and/or temporal resolution, has the potential to overcome critical limitations of standard acquisition strategies for obtaining high-resolution whole brain perfusion imaging using arterial spin labeling (ASL). However, the ...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.029
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural encoding of value-based stimuli is suggested to involve representations of summary statistics, including risk and expected value (EV). A more complex, but ecologically more common, context is when multiple risky options are evaluated together. However, it is unknown whether encoding related to option evaluation...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.023
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe BrainSync, an orthogonal transform that allows direct comparison of resting fMRI (rfMRI) time-series across subjects. For this purpose, we exploit the geometry of the rfMRI signal space to propose a novel orthogonal transformation that synchronizes rfMRI time-series across sessions and subjects. When synch...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.058
更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of structural brain development have suggested that the limbic system is relatively preserved in comparison to other brain regions with healthy aging. The goal of this study was to systematically investigate age-related changes of the limbic system using measures of cortical th...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.12.087
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychologists have been trying to understand differences in cognition and behavior between East Asian and Western cultures within a single cognitive framework such as holistic versus analytic or interdependent versus independent processes. However, it remains unclear whether cultural differences in multiple psychologi...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.05.062
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In view of an increasing number of publications that deal with functional mapping of the human amygdala using blood oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging, we reevaluated the underlying image quality of T2*-weighted echoplanar imaging (EPI) and fast low angle shot (FLASH) sequences at 2.0-T with...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/nimg.2001.0802
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human mind has an automatic tendency to avoid awareness of its mortality. How this protective mechanism is implemented at the neuronal level is unknown. Here we test the hypothesis that prediction-based mechanisms mediate death-denial by shielding the self from existential threat. We provide evidence that self-spe...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116080
更新日期：2019-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The neural processes that support inhibitory control in the face of stimuli with a history of reward association are not yet well understood. Yet, the ability to flexibly adapt behavior to changing reward-contingency contexts is important for daily functioning and warrants further investigation. This study aimed to ch...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117629
更新日期：2020-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic stress in non-human animals decreases the volume of the hippocampus, a brain region that supports learning and memory and that regulates neuroendocrine activity. In humans with stress-related psychiatric syndromes characterized by impaired learning and memory and dysregulated neuroendocrine activity, surrogate...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.10.045
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We use a computational neuroscience approach to study the role of feature-based attention in visual perception. This model is used to numerically simulate a visual attention experiment. The neurodynamical system consists of many interconnected modules that can be related to the dorsal and ventral paths of the visual c...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.08.045
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mäkinen et al. [Mäkinen, V., Tiitinen, H., May, P., 2005. Auditory event-related responses are generated independently of ongoing brain activity. Neuroimage 24, 961-968] suggest the use of amplitude variance to distinguish the evoked response from phase reset. Because their data do not exhibit a drop in amplitude vari...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.08.041
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stress hormone cortisol is known to influence declarative memory and associative learning. In animals, stress has often been reported to have opposing effects on memory and learning in males and females. In humans, the effects of cortisol have mainly been studied at the behavioral level. The aim of the present exp...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.05.046
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive brain imaging method that uses light to record regional changes in cerebral blood flow in the cortex during activation. fNIRS uses portable wearable sensors to allow measurements of brain activation during tasking. In this study, fNIRS was used to investi...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.02.010
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The issue of whether speech is supported by the same neural substrates as non-speech vocal tract gestures has been contentious. In this fMRI study we tested whether producing non-speech vocal tract gestures in humans shares the same functional neuroanatomy as non-sense speech syllables. Production of non-speech vocal ...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.03.032
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prevailing neurobiological theory of semantic memory proposes that part of our knowledge about concrete, highly imageable concepts is stored in the form of sensory-motor representations. While this theory predicts differential activation of the semantic system by concrete and abstract words, previous functional imag...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.04.012
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although, on average, the magnitude of alpha oscillations (8 to 12 Hz) is decreased in task-relevant cortices during externally oriented attention, its fluctuations have significant consequences, with increased level of alpha associated with decreased level of visual processing and poorer behavioral performance. Funct...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.11.058
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite recent success in analyzing brain oscillations recorded during transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), the field still requires further research to establish standards in artifact removal methods. This includes taking a step back from the removal of the tACS artifact and thoroughly characterizing ...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.022
更新日期：2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent multi-voxel pattern classification (MVPC) studies have shown that in early visual cortex patterns of brain activity generated during mental imagery are similar to patterns of activity generated during perception. This finding implies that low-level visual features (e.g., space, spatial frequency, and orientatio...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.018
更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in sighted individuals previously showed parahippocampal and fusiform activations during locomotor imagery, which were interpreted to reflect visuospatial navigation. Concurrent deactivations of multisensory vestibular and somatosensory cortical areas may reflect suppressio...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.11.029
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deep neural networks are increasingly being used in both supervised learning for classification tasks and unsupervised learning to derive complex patterns from the input data. However, the successful implementation of deep neural networks using neuroimaging datasets requires adequate sample size for training and well-...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.049
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Micro-electrocorticograph (μECoG) arrays offer the flexibility to record local field potentials (LFPs) from the surface of the cortex, using high density electrodes that are sub-mm in diameter. Research to date has not provided conclusive evidence for the underlying signal generation of μECoG recorded LFPs, or if μECo...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.09.043
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A fundamental component of brain development is the formation of large-scale networks across the cortex. One such network, the default network, undergoes a protracted development, displaying weak connectivity in childhood that strengthens in adolescence and becomes most robust in adulthood. Little is known about the g...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.10.030
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fast effortless reading has been associated with the Visual Word Form Area (VWFA), a region in the ventral visual stream that specializes in the recognition of letter strings. Several neuroimaging studies of dyslexia revealed an underactivation of this region. However, most of these studies used reading tasks and/or w...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.014
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Integrating new information into existing schematic/semantic structures of knowledge is the basis of learning in our everyday life as it enables structured representation of information and goal-directed behaviour in an ever-changing environment. However, how schematic/semantic mnemonic structures aid the integration ...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117558
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fear protects organisms by increasing vigilance and preparedness, and by coordinating survival responses during life-threatening encounters. The fear circuit must thus operate on multiple timescales ranging from preparatory sustained alertness to acute fight-or-flight responses. Here we studied the brain basis of sust...
journal_title：NeuroImage
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116522
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
