Abstract:
:Toxic industrial chemicals e.g., phosgene, are widely used as reactive intermediates in industrial processes. Inhalation exposure to these chemicals can result in life-threatening acute lung injury (ALI), to which no specific antidote exists. This study aimed to assess the potential benefit of steroids in treating phosgene induced ALI. Anesthetized pigs were instrumented, exposed to phosgene Ct 2000 mg.min.m(-3) (Ct is the product of concentration [mg.m(-3)] x time [min]), and ventilated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation before being randomized to study part 1: treatment with intravenous glucose saline (20 mL) or methylprednisolone (12.5 mg.kg(-1) in 20 mL) 6 h postexposure or study part 2: treatment with inhaled glucose saline (2 mL) or budesonide (2 mL of 0.5 mg.mL(-1) solution) at 1, 6, 12, and 18 h postexposure. Biochemical parameters and animal physiology were monitored to 24 h postexposure. The results show no change in mortality, lung edema, or shunt fraction; however, some beneficial effects on cardiac parameters e.g., stroke volume, left ventricular stroke work, were noted. Steroids were neither beneficial nor detrimental in the treatment of phosgene induced ALI. This study does not support the use of steroids alone as a treatment, but their use in a combined therapy strategy should be investigated.
journal_name
Mil Medjournal_title
Military medicineauthors
Smith A,Brown R,Jugg B,Platt J,Mann T,Masey C,Jenner J,Rice Pdoi
10.7205/milmed-d-09-00050subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-12-01 00:00:00pages
1287-94issue
12eissn
0026-4075issn
1930-613Xjournal_volume
174pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE) is a rare entity manifested by pulmonary edema with normal pulmonary arterial pressures. NCPE has been described in children and recently reported in adults. Onset is rapid and late recognition or inappropriate treatment may lead to a fatal outcome. Most adult cases have been att...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite significant advances in hearing protection and compliance with protective standards, military personnel are still subject to noise-induced hearing loss in many combat and combat support operations. Although the Army has experienced a decrease of some 15% in primary hearing loss disability cases since 1986, a f...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between 1954 and 1973, more than 2000 men entering military service as conscientious objectors participated in Project Whitecoat as medical research volunteers for the Army's biological warfare defense program. An assessment of self-reported, current health status among 358 "exposed" individuals and 164 unexposed cont...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed.170.3.183
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The U.S. military may consider exploring the inclusion of the long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in the diets of active duty military personnel. To be successful, certain challenges must be overcome including determining appropriate dosage, ensuring cost efficie...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00148
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthrax is occasionally encountered by U.S. military physicians in the deployed setting, where limited resources make it difficult to obtain laboratory confirmation. We present a case of cutaneous anthrax diagnosed using a ruggedized polymerase chain reaction device in austere combat conditions. ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00062
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Goodpasture's syndrome, or anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease, is a rare pulmonary-renal syndrome that results from autoantibody-mediated destruction of alveolar and glomerular basement membranes. It is defined by the triad of pulmonary hemorrhage (hemoptysis), glomerulonephritis (hematuria), and cir...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diphyllobothrium, also known as the "Broad Tapeworm" or "Fish Tapeworm," is a genus of Cestoda acquired through the consumption of undercooked fish. Although infection by a Diphyllobothrium spp. in the United States is rare, it remains an important global zoonosis, with an estimated burden of approximately 20 million ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/milmed/usz462
更新日期:2020-03-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Methemoglobinemia is a potentially life-threatening complication of local anesthetic sprays employed in upper endoscopy. There is limited information available on the incidence of this complication, and no prospective trial has ever undertaken to evaluate subclinical levels of methemoglobinemia. OBJECTIVE:T...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00035
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mass casualties during war, civil unrest, or natural disasters can generate chaos and disarray in the emergency room setting. The influx of numerous casualties in a short period of time can paralyze the medical facility and cause irreparable damage to the injured. Maintaining calm and order is very essential for triag...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type:
doi:
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) has become the community standard in corneal refractive surgery and is being performed by surgeons in the Army, Navy, and Air Force. LASIK differs from photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in that a partial-thickness corneal flap is created in the LASIK procedure before removing a mic...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed.169.4.334
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results of a drug use evaluation of lisinopril at a large teaching military medical center are reported. Indicators and thresholds were developed and approved by the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. The medical charts of 227 patients for whom lisinopril was prescribed from June 1991 to June 1992 were reviewed ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The USNS Mercy (T-AH 19) is a unique environment for its staff and patients. Several environmental influences distinctively affect health, medical, and nursing care. Six main areas of environmental concern for operational nursing were examined. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the internal envi...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines how the U.S. Army came to adopt the physical profile. In 1945, the Army adopted the physical profile system that has, with some changes, survived to this day. Although the profile system does not always work smoothly, it replaced a system that was failing completely to deliver physically fit men ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00039
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individual fitness, an important component of combat readiness, has been found to be deficient in some Reserve Component units of the United States Army. We evaluated a program of monthly physical training in an environment of increasing emphasis on unit physical fitness in an effort to determine the effect on unit pe...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the past few years, the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps have either incorporated or in the process of incorporating physical fitness tests that assess a soldier's fitness capability in a combat environment. In this article, we investigate how the U.S. Air Force Physical Fitness Test (AFPFT) events compare to si...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed-d-12-00066
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Complete occlusion of the contralateral carotid artery has been thought to increase the risk of carotid endarterectomy (CEA). This study was conducted to determine whether contralateral occlusion (CO) leads to a higher rate of complications among patients undergoing CEA or alters long-term outcomes. METHODS:...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed.170.12.1069
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to provide information to assist in planning health promotion and wellness programs for military trainees. During their first semester at West Point, 179 cadets completed measures of holistic wellness, perceived stress, and mattering. The highest wellness scores were in areas of social support,...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed.169.6.475
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Transfusion of freshly collected blood products (FCBP) is sometimes necessary to save service member (SM) lives in austere deployed environments. Recipients of FCBPs are administratively tracked and offered serial serologic testing via the Armed Services Blood Program "Blood Look Back" (BLB) program to assur...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00512
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To deliver optimal patient care and promote wellness, naval providers and patients require convenient access to medical information from isolated duty stations. The Internet can lower barriers to accessing information. The goal of this study was to determine the technical feasibility of using the Internet to ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several biochemical tests are available to screen for heavy drinking in patients. Most of these (e.g., liver function tests and macrocytic volume) rise due to adverse effects of alcohol on organs or the organ's functions. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, however, seems to elevate because of the direct action of alc...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diagnosis and management of concussion can be difficult in a combat environment, especially in the absence of loss of consciousness or post-traumatic amnesia. As no validated test exists to diagnose or grade neurocognitive impairment from a concussion, the military currently employs the Military Acute Concussion E...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/milmed-d-09-00258
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A diminution in the anticoagulant effect of IV heparin with concomitant use of IV nitroglycerin has been reported. However, recent reports have disputed the existence of this interaction. The objective of this study was to assess the potential interaction of these agents in a clinical setting. Forty-five patients hosp...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Physical therapy (PT) is a high-volume service that treats musculoskeletal injury and improves return-to-duty rates. Our experience suggests that no-show (NS) and patient cancellation (PC) rates increase the further appointment that is booked in the future, impede access to care, and increase the healthcar...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/milmed/usz287
更新日期:2020-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::National smoking cessation guidelines include recommended strategies for providers and health care organizations, but they offer little guidance on how to structure care. We conducted a cross-sectional survey at 40 Veterans Health Administration facilities, to describe the structure of smoking cessation care, to asses...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7205/milmed.171.1.80
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protective gear is mandatory for medical personnel treating casualties in a contaminated environment. In the present study, we assessed the ability of emergency medical technicians to insert an intravenous line in this situation. Sixty emergency medical technicians were randomized to a control group, wearing fatigues,...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:Women are serving in the armed forces and deployed to areas of conflict in increasing numbers. Problems such as depressive symptoms and risks related to combat exposure can have negative effects on adjustment following service; understanding the relationship between these problems may contribute to strategies...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/milmed/usx065
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the goals of the 1999 International Conference on Low-Level Radiation Injury and Medical Countermeasures was to review current and anticipated capabilities for measuring the quantity and quality of radiation exposures using personal dosimetry systems, fieldable spectroscopy equipment, and modeling strategies. T...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The study establishes the functional outcomes of service personnel injured in current conflicts by correlating data on initial injury to the findings of medical boards after trauma and reconstructive treatment. Data comprehensively include all casualties of the Royal Navy and Royal Marines and all functional...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-13-00180
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::State-of-the-art three-dimensional motion analysis systems, which are utilized to predict, diagnose, and treat many musculoskeletal and neurological disorders, are expensive and space consuming. These systems have only been widely used in large research facilities because of their lack of this transportability. Since ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/milmed/usy312
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the effect of premilitary and military trauma on the psychological health of more than 1,000 female and male active duty soldiers. Questionnaire data provided information on demographics, history of trauma exposure, and general psychological health as assessed by the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). ...
journal_title:Military medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00