Differential requirements of MHC and of DCs for endogenous proliferation of different T-cell subsets in vivo.

abstract：:Cdc7 is an essential kinase required for the initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication. Previous studies in many species showed that the minichromosome maintenance complex is a major physiological target of this kinase. In this study, we have mapped the sites in human Mcm2 protein that are phosphorylated by Cdc7. The i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cho WH,Lee YJ,Kong SI,Hurwitz J,Lee JK

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteomics were used to identify the proteins from the eukaryotic unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that can be reduced by thioredoxin. These proteins were retained specifically on a thioredoxin affinity column made of a monocysteinic thioredoxin mutant able to form mixed disulfides with its targets. Of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lemaire SD,Guillon B,Le Maréchal P,Keryer E,Miginiac-Maslow M,Decottignies P

更新日期：2004-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Identifying causal effects in nonexperimental data is an enduring challenge. One proposed solution that recently gained popularity is the idea to use genes as instrumental variables [i.e., Mendelian randomization (MR)]. However, this approach is problematic because many variables of interest are genetically correlated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DiPrete TA,Burik CAP,Koellinger PD

更新日期：2018-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibrotic diseases are not well-understood. They represent a number of different diseases that are characterized by the development of severe organ fibrosis without any obvious cause, such as the devastating diseases idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and scleroderma. These diseases have a poor prognosis comparable wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wernig G,Chen SY,Cui L,Van Neste C,Tsai JM,Kambham N,Vogel H,Natkunam Y,Gilliland DG,Nolan G,Weissman IL

更新日期：2017-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocean acidification represents a key threat to coral reefs by reducing the calcification rate of framework builders. In addition, acidification is likely to affect the relationship between corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates and the productivity of this association. However, little is known about how acidificat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anthony KR,Kline DI,Diaz-Pulido G,Dove S,Hoegh-Guldberg O

更新日期：2008-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the iPLA2-VIA/PLA2G6 gene are responsible for PARK14-linked Parkinson's disease (PD) with α-synucleinopathy. However, it is unclear how iPLA2-VIA mutations lead to α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation and dopaminergic (DA) neurodegeneration. Here, we report that iPLA2-VIA-deficient Drosophila exhibits defects ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mori A,Hatano T,Inoshita T,Shiba-Fukushima K,Koinuma T,Meng H,Kubo SI,Spratt S,Cui C,Yamashita C,Miki Y,Yamamoto K,Hirabayashi T,Murakami M,Takahashi Y,Shindou H,Nonaka T,Hasegawa M,Okuzumi A,Imai Y,Hattori N

更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:gamma-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptors are a major mediator of inhibitory neurotransmission in the mammalian central nervous system, and the site of action of a number of clinically important drugs. These receptors exist as a family of subtypes with distinct temporal and spatial patterns of expression and d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonnert TP,McKernan RM,Farrar S,le Bourdellès B,Heavens RP,Smith DW,Hewson L,Rigby MR,Sirinathsinghji DJ,Brown N,Wafford KA,Whiting PJ

更新日期：1999-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The activity of a number of proteins is regulated by self-processing reactions. Elegant examples are the cleavage of the prokaryotic LexA and lambdaCI transcriptional repressors and the UmuD-like mutagenesis proteins. Various studies support the hypothesis that LexA and lambdaCI cleavage reactions are predominantly in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McDonald JP,Frank EG,Levine AS,Woodgate R

更新日期：1998-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, activates N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors to induce long-lasting synaptic changes through alterations in gene expression. It is believed that these long-lasting changes contribute to learning and memory, drug tolerance, and ischemic preconditioning. To identify NMDA-in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hong SJ,Li H,Becker KG,Dawson VL,Dawson TM

更新日期：2004-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:In Caenorhabditis elegans, pre-mRNA for the essential splicing factor U2AF65 sometimes is spliced to produce an RNA that includes an extra 216-bp internal exon, exon 3. Inclusion of exon 3 inserts an in-frame stop codon, yet this RNA is not subject to SMG-mediated RNA surveillance. To test whether exon 3 causes RNA to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： MacMorris MA,Zorio DA,Blumenthal T

更新日期：1999-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex I functions as a redox-linked proton pump in the respiratory chains of mitochondria and bacteria, driven by the reduction of quinone (Q) by NADH. Remarkably, the distance between the Q reduction site and the most distant proton channels extends nearly 200 Å. To elucidate the molecular origin of this long-range...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sharma V,Belevich G,Gamiz-Hernandez AP,Róg T,Vattulainen I,Verkhovskaya ML,Wikström M,Hummer G,Kaila VR

更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:cDNA clones for the (S)-tetrahydroberberine (H4Ber) oxidase of cultured berberine-producing Coptis japonica cells were isolated by screening a C. japonica cDNA library with synthetic nucleotides that can encode the NH2-terminal sequence of this enzyme. Analyses of the nucleotide sequences of the cloned cDNA inserts re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okada N,Koizumi N,Tanaka T,Ohkubo H,Nakanishi S,Yamada Y

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soret-excited resonance Raman spectroscopy yields direct information regarding the iron-carbon bonding interactions in the cyanomet and carbonmonoxy complexes of hemoglobin III from Chironomus thummi thummi (CTT III) in solution. By isotope exchange in cyanide (13CN-, C15N-, and 13C15N-) and carbon monoxide (13CO, C18...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu NT,Benko B,Kerr EA,Gersonde K

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flavoproteins participate in a wide variety of physiologically relevant processes that typically involve redox reactions. Within this protein superfamily, there exists a group that is able to transfer reducing equivalents from FAD to a redox-active disulfide bridge, which further reduces disulfide bridges in target pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buey RM,Arellano JB,López-Maury L,Galindo-Trigo S,Velázquez-Campoy A,Revuelta JL,de Pereda JM,Florencio FJ,Schürmann P,Buchanan BB,Balsera M

更新日期：2017-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Illumination of a system consisting of a vertical tube containing an unstirred homogeneous suspension of thylakoids in an imposed linear concentration gradient of an electron acceptor, 2,6-dichloroindophenol, gave rise to a one-dimensional banded pattern of the acceptor that evolved in a time-dependent manner. The spa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aon M,Thomas D,Hervagault JF

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide-releasing compounds were shown to activate an ADP-ribosyltransferase activity in the cytosol of Dictyostelium discoideum. The enzyme ADP-ribosylated a cytosolic protein of approximately 41 kDa, p41. Neither cGMP nor GTP and its analogues affected this ADP-ribosylation. p41 differs from other substrates AD...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tao Y,Howlett A,Klein C

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integrable models form pillars of theoretical physics because they allow for full analytical understanding. Despite being rare, many realistic systems can be described by models that are close to integrable. Therefore, an important question is how small perturbations influence the behavior of solvable models. This is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Žnidarič M,Ljubotina M

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:5 alpha-Cholest-8(14)-en-3 beta-ol-15-one has been found to have significant hypocholesterolemic activity upon oral administration at a daily dosage of 75 mg/kg of body weight to Rhesus monkeys fed a diet of moderate cholesterol (Chol) content [0.19 mg/kcal (1 cal = 4.184 J) of diet]. The reductions in total serum Cho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schroepfer GJ Jr,Sherrill BC,Wang KS,Wilson WK,Kisic A,Clarkson TB

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phalloidin, a toxic bicyclic peptide of rapid action from the toadstool, Amanita phalloides, gives rise to polymerization of G-actin to filamentous structures (Ph-actin) in a medium of low ionic strength. Ph-actin closely resembles the microfilaments found in liver membrane fractions (Ph-filaments) after in vivo or in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lengsfeld AM,Löw I,Wieland T,Dancker P,Hasselbach W

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We establish size limitations for assembling structures of controlled size and shape out of colloidal particles with short-ranged interactions. Through simulations we show that structures with highly variable shapes made out of dozens of particles can form with high yield, as long as each particle in the structure bin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zeravcic Z,Manoharan VN,Brenner MP

更新日期：2014-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The with-no-lysine (K) (WNK) signaling pathway to STE20/SPS1-related proline- and alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) and oxidative stress-responsive 1 (OSR1) kinase is an important mediator of cell volume and ion transport. SPAK and OSR1 associate with upstream kinases WNK 1-4, substrates, and other proteins through their C-t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taylor CA 4th,An SW,Kankanamalage SG,Stippec S,Earnest S,Trivedi AT,Yang JZ,Mirzaei H,Huang CL,Cobb MH

更新日期：2018-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) exhibits a remarkably robust and pantropic infectivity, mediated by its coat protein, VSV-G. Using this property, recombinant forms of VSV and VSV-G-pseudotyped viral vectors are being developed for gene therapy, vaccination, and viral oncolysis and are extensively used for gene transd...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Finkelshtein D,Werman A,Novick D,Barak S,Rubinstein M

更新日期：2013-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of commercial catches reveals a serial depletion of some oceanic fish stocks over time, resulting in fisheries focusing on increasingly smaller species closer to the base of the food chain. This effect, described as fishing down the marine food web, is observed when the trophic level of the catch declines ove...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dunlop ES,Goto D,Jackson DA

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the role of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the development of facial structures by depriving chicken embryos of the most anterior sources of this morphogen, including the prechordal plate and the anterior ventral endoderm of the foregut, before the onset of neural crest cell (NCC) migration to the first ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brito JM,Teillet MA,Le Douarin NM

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human transcription factor IIA (TFIIA) is composed of three subunits (alpha, beta, and gamma). TFIIA interacts with the TATA-box binding protein and can overcome repression of transcription. TFIIA was found to be necessary for VP16-mediated transcriptional activation through a coactivator function. We have separated t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： MA D,Olave I,Merino A,Reinberg D

更新日期：1996-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptobrevin/vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) and syntaxin are potential vesicle donor and target membrane receptors of a docking complex that requires N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) and soluble NSF-attachment proteins as soluble factors for vesicle fusion with target membranes. Members of this doc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yamasaki S,Hu Y,Binz T,Kalkuhl A,Kurazono H,Tamura T,Jahn R,Kandel E,Niemann H

更新日期：1994-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Turbulence is an important determinant of phytoplankton physiology, often leading to cell stress and damage. Turbulence affects phytoplankton migration both by transporting cells and by triggering switches in migratory behavior, whereby vertically migrating cells can actively invert their direction of migration upon e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carrara F,Sengupta A,Behrendt L,Vardi A,Stocker R

更新日期：2021-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) exist in large numbers per cell but can be selected very rapidly as a result of unequal partitioning of mtDNA between germ cells during embryogenesis. However, empirical studies of this "bottlenecking" effect are rare because of the apparent scarcity of heteroplasmic individu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Leeuwen T,Vanholme B,Van Pottelberge S,Van Nieuwenhuyse P,Nauen R,Tirry L,Denholm I

更新日期：2008-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The skeletal remains of a diminutive small-brained hominin found in Late Pleistocene cave deposits on the island of Flores, Indonesia were assigned to a new species, Homo floresiensis [Brown P, et al. (2004) A new small-bodied hominin from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia. Nature 431: 1055-1061]. A dramatical...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon AD,Nevell L,Wood B

更新日期：2008-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection during the neonatal period commonly induces apnea episodes, and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1beta may serve as a critical mediator between these events. To determine the mechanism by which IL-1beta depresses respiration, we examined a prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2))-dependent pathway in newborn mice and huma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hofstetter AO,Saha S,Siljehav V,Jakobsson PJ,Herlenius E

更新日期：2007-06-05 00:00:00