Abstract:
:Turbulence is an important determinant of phytoplankton physiology, often leading to cell stress and damage. Turbulence affects phytoplankton migration both by transporting cells and by triggering switches in migratory behavior, whereby vertically migrating cells can actively invert their direction of migration upon exposure to turbulent cues. However, a mechanistic link between single-cell physiology and vertical migration of phytoplankton in turbulence is currently missing. Here, by combining physiological and behavioral experiments with a mathematical model of stress accumulation and dissipation, we show that the mechanism responsible for the switch in the direction of migration in the marine raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo is the integration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling generated by turbulent cues. Within timescales as short as tens of seconds, the emergent downward-migrating subpopulation exhibited a twofold increase in ROS, an indicator of stress, 15% lower photosynthetic efficiency, and 35% lower growth rate over multiple generations compared to the upward-migrating subpopulation. The origin of the behavioral split as a result of a bistable oxidative stress response is corroborated by the observation that exposure of cells to exogenous stressors (H2O2, UV-A radiation, or high irradiance), in lieu of turbulence, caused comparable ROS accumulation and an equivalent split into the two subpopulations. By providing a mechanistic link between the single-cell mechanics of swimming and physiology on the one side and the emergent population-scale migratory response and impact on fitness on the other, the ROS-mediated early warning response we discovered contributes to our understanding of phytoplankton community composition in future ocean conditions.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Carrara F,Sengupta A,Behrendt L,Vardi A,Stocker Rdoi
10.1073/pnas.2005944118subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-02-02 00:00:00issue
5eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
2005944118journal_volume
118pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The presence of an amino acid other than aspartic acid at position 57 of the HLA-DQ beta chain (non-Asp-57) is highly associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas an aspartic acid at this position (Asp-57) appears to confer resistance to the disease. We hypothesize that the 30-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.19.7370
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed the spectra of UV-induced mutations in the lacI gene of a wild-type and an mfd strain of Escherichia coli. mfd strains have been recently proposed to be deficient in a factor coupling DNA repair and transcription. Analysis of UV-induced mutations occurring at adjacent pyrimidines showed that mutations...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.22.11036
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abstract::Germ-line mutations of tumor suppressor genes confer strong predisposition to tumor formation. In the rat, a form of dominantly inherited renal carcinoma (RC) results in multiple chromophobe cell tumors that resemble the human disease, and heterozygous carriers (RC/+) are highly susceptible to environmental agents (ra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.17.8038
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The organization and allelic recombination of the merozoite surface protein-1 gene of Plasmodium vivax (PvMsp-1), the most widely prevalent human malaria parasite, were evaluated in complete nucleotide sequences of 40 isolates from various geographic areas. Alignment of 31 distinct alleles revealed the mosaic organiza...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.252348999
更新日期:2002-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::The archaeological record shows that typically human cultural traits emerged at different times, in different parts of the world, and among different hominin taxa. This pattern suggests that their emergence is the outcome of complex and nonlinear evolutionary trajectories, influenced by environmental, demographic, and...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1620752114
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The E26 transformation-specific (Ets-1) transcription factor is autoinhibited by a conformationally disordered serine-rich region (SRR) that transiently interacts with its DNA-binding ETS domain. In response to calcium signaling, autoinhibition is reinforced by calmodulin-dependent kinase II phosphorylation of serines...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1401891111
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1712628115
更新日期:2018-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::The crystal structure of the dimeric gene V protein of bacteriophage f1 was determined using multiwavelength anomalous diffraction on the selenomethionine-containing wild-type and isoleucine-47-->methionine mutant proteins with x-ray diffraction data phased to 2.5 A resolution. The structure of the wild-type protein h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.6.2071
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abstract::Regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 play an important role in maintaining immune homeostasis. Chronic inflammation is associated with reduced Foxp3 expression, function, and loss of phenotypic stability. Previous studies have established the importance of TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) in the g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1909687116
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abstract::Gene therapy of the brain is hindered by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents the brain uptake of bloodborne gene formulations. Exogenous genes have been expressed in the brain after invasive routes of administration, such as craniotomy or intracarotid arterial infusion of noxious agents causi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.130187497
更新日期:2000-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Neural network function requires an appropriate balance of excitation and inhibition to be maintained by homeostatic plasticity. However, little is known about homeostatic mechanisms in the intact central brain in vivo. Here, we study homeostatic plasticity in the Drosophila mushroom body, where Kenyon cells receive f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1921294117
更新日期:2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Coxsackievirus causes severe disease in adult mice subjected to sustained post-weaning undernutrition (marasmus). Virus-infected marasmic mice have an increased incidence of mortality, severe lesions, and elevated and persistent viral in target organs. Transfer of immune lymphoid cells 30 min or 24 hr after viral chal...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.9.2108
更新日期:1971-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro assembly of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) from its constituent RNA and protein occurs in two steps: formation of the initial complex by interaction of the 5'-end of TMV-RNA with 20S protein aggregate, and growth of the helical rod by sequential addition of protein subunits.Such a process was also observed in the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.12.3680
更新日期:1972-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical stability in many biological materials is provided by the crosslinking of large structural proteins with gamma-glutamyl-epsilon-lysyl amide bonds. The three-dimensional structure of human recombinant factor XIII (EC 2.3.2.13 zymogen; protein-glutamine:amine gamma-glutamyltransferase a chain), a transglutami...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.7296
更新日期:1994-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiotoxin VII4 from Naja mossambica mossambica crystallizes in space group P61 (a = b = 73.9 A; c = 59.0 A) with two molecules of toxin (molecular mass = 6715 Da) in the asymmetric unit. The structure was solved by using a combination of multiple isomorphous replacement and density modification methods. Model buildi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.10.3132
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB), a hypothesized impact spike at ∼3.9 Ga, is one of the major scientific concepts to emerge from Apollo-era lunar exploration. A significant portion of the evidence for the existence of the LHB comes from histograms of (40)Ar/(39)Ar "plateau" ages (i.e., regions selected on the basis of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1611535113
更新日期:2016-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic potentials (pedigree-estimated breeding value) for milk and for fat were compared in cows grouped according to subclinical stage of bovine leukemia virus infection. Genetic potential for milk production was significantly greater in seropositive cows with persistent lymphocytosis (622 +/- 72 kg) and in seroposi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.3.993
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Researchers have documented many cases in which individuals rationalize their regrettable actions. Four experiments examine situations in which people go beyond merely explaining away their misconduct to actively deceiving themselves. We find that those who exploit opportunities to cheat on tests are likely to engage ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1010658108
更新日期:2011-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::AK032317 is the GenBank accession no. of a full-length RIKEN mouse cDNA. It encodes a putative variant of the C3-type TRPC (transient receptor potential channel) that differs from the previously cloned murine TRPC3 cDNA in that it has a 5' extension stemming from inclusion of an additional exon (exon 0). The extended ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0409908102
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Higher plants process two distinct, nuclear gene-encoded glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) proteins, a Calvin-cycle enzyme active within chloroplasts and a glycolytic enzyme active within the cytosol. The gene for the chloroplast enzyme was previously suggested to be of endosymbiotic origin. Since the a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.18.8692
更新日期:1993-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of polynucleotides or polynucleotide duplexes such as poly(I).poly(C) to induce interferon production is proposed to depend on the existence of certain stable glycosidic orientations. It appears that a slight increase in instability of 1--3 kcal/mole (1 cal = 4.184 J) in the conformational regions near 20 ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.3.1018
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoreactive intact cholecystokinin and its COOH-terminal octapeptide are found in brain as well as in extracts of gut of the monkey, dog, and pig, by using an antiserum with equivalent sensitivities for detecting the octapeptide in free form or incorporated in the intact molecule. The failure to detect intact chole...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.1.486
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Veratridine or high potassium concentration increased guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels in neuroblastoma cells of clone N1E-115 without affecting levels of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). The increases in cGMP appear to be a direct result of the depolarizing action of these agents and not...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.12.6295
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteasomes are the multi-subunit protease thought to play a key role in the generation of peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. When cells are stimulated with interferon gamma, two MHC-encoded subunits, low molecular mass polypeptide (LMP) 2 and LMP7, and the MECL1 subunit en...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.17.9096
更新日期:1996-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasmas require an external source of sterol for growth. For Mycoplasma capricolum this requirement is met not only by cholesterol but also by the methylcholestane derivatives lanosterol, cycloartenol, 4,4-dimethylcholesterol, and 4beta-methylcholestanol. Cholesteryl methyl ether and 3alpha-methylcholestanol serve...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.9.4107
更新日期:1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mahler proved the following quantitative result supplementing the Lindemann-Weierstrass theorem: Sigma(i=0) (n)C(i)e(ri) > H(-n-epsilon) for any distinct rational numbers r(0),r(1),..., r(n) and rational integers C(0),C(1),...,C(n) with H = max(0=i=n) C(i). We improve Mahler's estimate by replacing exponentials e(...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.10.3138
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The peptide composition of purified Histocompatibility-2 (H-2) reactive glycoprotein fragments from two murine strains allelic at the H-2 locus (H-2(b) and H-2(d)) were compared by a cellulose thin-layer peptide mapping micro technique. Approximately 70 per cent of the theoretical maximum number of peptides produced b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.65.3.691
更新日期:1970-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A census of the biomass on Earth is key for understanding the structure and dynamics of the biosphere. However, a global, quantitative view of how the biomass of different taxa compare with one another is still lacking. Here, we assemble the overall biomass composition of the biosphere, establishing a census of the ≈5...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1711842115
更新日期:2018-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::The crystal structure of the murine Fab S-20-4 from a protective anti-cholera Ab specific for the lipopolysaccharide Ag of the Ogawa serotype has been determined in its unliganded form and in complex with synthetic fragments of the Ogawa O-specific polysaccharide (O-SP). The upstream terminal O-SP monosaccharide is sh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.060022997
更新日期:2000-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::The free radicals nitric oxide and superoxide anion react to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-), a highly toxic oxidant species. In vivo formation of ONOO- has been demonstrated in shock and inflammation. Herein we provide evidence that cytotoxicity in cells exposed to ONOO- is mediated by DNA strand breakage and the subseque...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.5.1753
更新日期:1996-03-05 00:00:00