Control of alternative splicing through siRNA-mediated transcriptional gene silencing.

abstract：:Targeted gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) requires loading of a short guide RNA (small interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA (miRNA)) onto an Argonaute protein to form the functional center of an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In humans, Argonaute2 (AGO2) assembles with the guide RNA-generating enzyme Di...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Wang HW,Noland C,Siridechadilok B,Taylor DW,Ma E,Felderer K,Doudna JA,Nogales E

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although DNA replication is a fundamental aspect of biology, it is not known what determines where DNA replication starts and stops in the human genome. We directly identified and quantitatively compared sites of replication initiation and termination in untransformed human cells. We found that replication preferentia...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Chen YH,Keegan S,Kahli M,Tonzi P,Fenyö D,Huang TT,Smith DJ

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Jun dimerization protein-2 (JDP2) is a component of the AP-1 transcription factor that represses transactivation mediated by the Jun family of proteins. Here, we examine the functional mechanisms of JDP2 and show that it can inhibit p300-mediated acetylation of core histones in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of histone...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Jin C,Kato K,Chimura T,Yamasaki T,Nakade K,Murata T,Li H,Pan J,Zhao M,Sun K,Chiu R,Ito T,Nagata K,Horikoshi M,Yokoyama KK

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Core Qβ replicase comprises the Qβ virus-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (β-subunit) and the host Escherichia coli translational elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-Ts. The functions of the host proteins in the viral replicase are not clear. Structural analyses of RNA polymerization by core Qβ replicase reveal that a...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Takeshita D,Tomita K

更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway degrades mRNAs undergoing premature termination of translation. It has been argued that in human cells, NMD is restricted to a pioneer round of translation initiated on mRNAs associated with the cap-binding complex (CBC) and that the exchange of the CBC for the eIF4F tran...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Durand S,Lykke-Andersen J

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular membrane fusion proceeds via distinct stages of membrane docking, hemifusion and fusion pore opening and depends on interacting families of Rab, SNARE and SM proteins. Trans-SNARE complexes dock the membranes in close apposition. Efficient fusion requires further SNARE-associated proteins. They might inc...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Pieren M,Schmidt A,Mayer A

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eukaryotic exosome is a multisubunit complex typically composed of a catalytically inactive core and the Rrp44 protein, which contains 3'-to-5' exo- and endo-RNase activities. RNA substrates have been shown to be recruited through the core to reach Rrp44's exo-RNase (EXO) site. Using single-particle EM and biochem...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Liu JJ,Bratkowski MA,Liu X,Niu CY,Ke A,Wang HW

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The exosome is an RNA-decay complex that constantly monitors transcription and contributes to post-transcriptional turnover of faulty mRNAs. Yet how nuclear RNA surveillance by the exosome is coordinated with transcription is still unknown. Here we show that the RNA exosome of Schizosaccharomyces pombe can target the ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Lemay JF,Larochelle M,Marguerat S,Atkinson S,Bähler J,Bachand F

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The histone variant macroH2A1 regulates gene expression important for differentiation, stem-cell reprogramming and tumor suppression. Here, we demonstrate that in primary human cells, macroH2A1 participates in two physically and functionally distinct types of chromatin marked by either H3K27me3 or nine histone acetyla...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Chen H,Ruiz PD,Novikov L,Casill AD,Park JW,Gamble MJ

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) are ubiquitous in all domains of life and metabolize a myriad of xenobiotics, including toxins, pesticides and drugs. However, despite their pharmacological importance, structural information remains bereft. To further our understanding behind their biochemistry and diversity, w...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Nicoll CR,Bailleul G,Fiorentini F,Mascotti ML,Fraaije MW,Mattevi A

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification (PTM) that is essential for balancing numerous physiological processes. To enable delineation of protein ubiquitination at a site-specific level, we generated an antibody, denoted UbiSite, recognizing the C-terminal 13 amino acids of ubiquitin, which remain attached ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Akimov V,Barrio-Hernandez I,Hansen SVF,Hallenborg P,Pedersen AK,Bekker-Jensen DB,Puglia M,Christensen SDK,Vanselow JT,Nielsen MM,Kratchmarova I,Kelstrup CD,Olsen JV,Blagoev B

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myosin V is a double-headed processive molecular motor that moves along an actin filament by taking 36-nm steps. Using optical trapping nanometry with high spatiotemporal resolution, we discovered that there are two possible pathways for the 36-nm steps, one with 12- and 24-nm substeps, in this order, and the other wi...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Uemura S,Higuchi H,Olivares AO,De La Cruz EM,Ishiwata S

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Induced transcription through CAG repeats in human cells increases repeat contraction approximately 15-fold in both confluent and proliferating cells. Repeats are stabilized against contraction by siRNA knockdown of MSH2, MSH3 or XPA, but not by knockdown of MSH6, XPC or FEN1. These results define a pathway for CAG.CT...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Lin Y,Dion V,Wilson JH

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We developed an experimental system for studying genome instability caused by fragile X (CGG)n repeats in mammalian cells. Our method uses a selectable cassette carrying the HyTK gene under the control of the FMR1 promoter with (CGG)n repeats in its 5' UTR, which is integrated into the unique RL5 site in murine erythr...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Kononenko AV,Ebersole T,Vasquez KM,Mirkin SM

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potassium channel selectivity filter both discriminates between K(+) and sodium ions and contributes to gating of ion flow. Static structures of conducting (open) and nonconducting (inactivated) conformations of this filter are known; however, the sequence of protein rearrangements that connect these two states is...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Wang DT,Hill AP,Mann SA,Tan PS,Vandenberg JI

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated whether a continuous transcript is necessary for co-transcriptional pre-mRNA processing. Cutting an intron with the fast-cleaving hepatitis delta ribozyme, but not the slower hammerhead, inhibited splicing. Therefore, exon tethering to RNA polymerase II (Pol II) cannot rescue splicing of a transcript s...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Fong N,Ohman M,Bentley DL

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many genomic alterations associated with human diseases localize in noncoding regulatory elements located far from the promoters they regulate, making it challenging to link noncoding mutations or risk-associated variants with target genes. The range of action of a given set of enhancers is thought to be defined by in...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Martin D,Pantoja C,Fernández Miñán A,Valdes-Quezada C,Moltó E,Matesanz F,Bogdanović O,de la Calle-Mustienes E,Domínguez O,Taher L,Furlan-Magaril M,Alcina A,Cañón S,Fedetz M,Blasco MA,Pereira PS,Ovcharenko I,Recillas-Tar

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SUMO processing and deconjugation are essential proteolytic activities for nuclear metabolism and cell-cycle progression in yeast and higher eukaryotes. To elucidate the mechanisms used during substrate lysine deconjugation, SUMO isoform processing and SUMO isoform interactions, X-ray structures were determined for a ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Reverter D,Lima CD

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpesviruses, which cause many incurable diseases, infect cells by fusing viral and cellular membranes. Whereas most other enveloped viruses use a single viral catalyst called a fusogen, herpesviruses, inexplicably, require two conserved fusion-machinery components, gB and the heterodimer gH-gL, plus other nonconserv...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Chowdary TK,Cairns TM,Atanasiu D,Cohen GH,Eisenberg RJ,Heldwein EE

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clustered codons that pair to low-abundance tRNA isoacceptors can form slow-translating regions in the mRNA and cause transient ribosomal arrest. We report that folding efficiency of the Escherichia coli multidomain protein SufI can be severely perturbed by alterations in ribosome-mediated translational attenuation. S...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Zhang G,Hubalewska M,Ignatova Z

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Here we report the crystal structures of I.C and I.A wobble base pairs in the context of the ribosomal decoding center, clearly showing that the I.A base pair is of an I(anti).A(anti) conformation, as predicted by Crick. Additionally, the structures enable the observation of changes in the anticodon to allow purine-pu...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Murphy FV 4th,Ramakrishnan V

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammalian cells, nonsense-mediated messenger RNA decay (NMD) targets newly synthesized nonsense-containing mRNA bound by the cap-binding-protein heterodimer CBP80-CBP20 and at least one exon-junction complex (EJC). An EJC includes the NMD factors Upf3 or Upf3X and Upf2, and Upf2 recruits Upf1. Once this pioneer tra...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Hosoda N,Kim YK,Lejeune F,Maquat LE

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Agents that activate expression of specific genes to probe cellular pathways or alleviate disease would go beyond existing approaches for controlling gene expression. Duplex RNAs complementary to promoter regions can repress or activate gene expression. The mechanism of these promoter-directed antigene RNAs (agRNAs) h...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Schwartz JC,Younger ST,Nguyen NB,Hardy DB,Monia BP,Corey DR,Janowski BA

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although R loops can occur at different genomic locations, the factors that determine their formation and frequency remain unclear. Emerging evidence indicates that DNA breaks stimulate DNA-RNA hybrid formation. Here, we discuss the possibility that formation of hybrids may be an inevitable risk of DNA breaks that occ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Aguilera A,Gómez-González B

更新日期：2017-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Pre-messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs) maturation is initiated cotranscriptionally. It is therefore conceivable that chromatin-borne information participates in alternative splicing. Here we find that elevated levels of trimethylation of histone H3 on Lys9 (H3K9me3) are a characteristic of the alternative exons of several gen...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Saint-André V,Batsché E,Rachez C,Muchardt C

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The AAA+ ATPase Vps4 disassembles ESCRT-III and is essential for HIV-1 budding and other pathways. Vps4 is a paradigmatic member of a class of hexameric AAA+ ATPases that disassemble protein complexes without degradation. To distinguish between local displacement versus global unfolding mechanisms for complex disassem...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Yang B,Stjepanovic G,Shen Q,Martin A,Hurley JH

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity and type II diabetes are closely linked metabolic syndromes that afflict >100 million people worldwide. Although protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of both syndromes, the discovery of pharmaceutically acceptable inhibitors that bind at the active site re...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Wiesmann C,Barr KJ,Kung J,Zhu J,Erlanson DA,Shen W,Fahr BJ,Zhong M,Taylor L,Randal M,McDowell RS,Hansen SK

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Marcinkiewicz KM

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Platelet-activating-factor receptor (PAFR) responds to platelet-activating factor (PAF), a phospholipid mediator of cell-to-cell communication that exhibits diverse physiological effects. PAFR is considered an important drug target for treating asthma, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Here we report crystal s...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Cao C,Tan Q,Xu C,He L,Yang L,Zhou Y,Zhou Y,Qiao A,Lu M,Yi C,Han GW,Wang X,Li X,Yang H,Rao Z,Jiang H,Zhao Y,Liu J,Stevens RC,Zhao Q,Zhang XC,Wu B

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a structural analysis of the folding transition states of three SH3 domains. Our results reveal that the secondary structure is not yet fully formed at this stage of folding and that the solvent is only partially excluded from the interior of the protein. Comparison of the members of the transition state en...

journal_title：Nature structural & molecular biology

authors： Lindorff-Larsen K,Vendruscolo M,Paci E,Dobson CM

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00