Abstract:
PURPOSE:To study the distribution and predominant orientations of fibrillar collagen at different depths throughout the entire thickness of the human cornea. This information will form the basis of a full three-dimensional reconstruction of the preferred orientations of corneal lamellae. METHODS:Femtosecond laser technology was used to delaminate the central zones of five human corneas into three separate layers (anterior, mid, and posterior stroma), each with predetermined thicknesses. Wide-angle x-ray diffraction was used to study the gross collagen fibril orientation and distribution within each layer. RESULTS:The middle and posterior parts of the human cornea demonstrated a preferential orthogonal arrangement of collagen fibrils, directed along the superior-inferior and nasal-temporal meridians, with an increase in the number of lamellae toward the periphery. However, the anterior cornea (33% of total corneal thickness) showed no systematic preferred lamellar orientation. CONCLUSIONS:In the posterior two thirds of the human cornea, collagen lies predominantly in the vertical and horizontal meridians (directed toward the four major rectus muscles), whereas collagen in the anterior third of the cornea is more isotropic. The predominantly orthogonal arrangement of collagen in the mid and posterior stroma may help to distribute strain in the cornea by allowing it to withstand the pull of the extraocular muscles, whereas the more isotropic arrangement in the anterior cornea may play an important role in the biomechanics of the cornea by resisting intraocular pressure while at the same time maintaining corneal curvature.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Abahussin M,Hayes S,Knox Cartwright NE,Kamma-Lorger CS,Khan Y,Marshall J,Meek KMdoi
10.1167/iovs.09-3669subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-11-01 00:00:00pages
5159-64issue
11eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.09-3669journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:Many retinal imaging instruments use infrared wavelengths to reduce the risk of light damage. However, we have discovered that exposure to infrared illumination causes a long-lasting reduction in infrared autofluorescence (IRAF). We have characterized the dependence of this effect on radiant exposure and invest...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12562
更新日期:2014-05-20 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether there is rod system dysfunction in the central retina of patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS:Dark-adapted sensitivity (500-nm stimulus) and light-adapted sensitivity (600 nm) were measured psychophysically at 52 loci in the central 38 degrees (diameter) of retina ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether changes in the retinal blood flow in light and darkness occur in humans. METHODS; The systolic and diastolic flow velocities were measured by color Doppler in the ophthalmic and the central retinal arteries in 12 healthy individuals in light and darkness. RESULTS:In the ophthalmic artery t...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative importance of the anterior ciliary arteries to blood flow to the anterior segment and the quadrant distribution of blood to the iris, ciliary body, and ciliary processes were determined in canines with the use of 15 +/- 3 mum 103Ru microspheres with the reference blood flow method. Recti muscles were isol...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate whether myopia is present in a breed of domestic dog, the Labrador retriever, and how the ocular components are related to refractive error in this breed. METHODS:Cycloplegic refractive error was measured in 75 Labrador retrievers by retinoscopy. Corneal and crystalline lens radii of curvature w...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Failure of corneal grafts is thought to involve the development and activation of specifically sensitized T-cells. One method which might be used to circumvent the development of such cells is the phenomenon of anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID). Injection of antigen into the anterior chamber of the ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::N-formimidoyl thienamycin (MK-787) is a new beta-lactam with potent activity against both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Its spectrum and activity suggest it may be useful in treatment of complicated intraocular infections. Its ocular penetration was studied in New Zealand white rabbit...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of unilateral, stereotactic, posteroventral pallidotomy on saccadic eye movements in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS:Eye movements of 31 patients with moderate to advanced PD were recorded with an infrared system 1 month before and 3 months after pallidotomy. Two kinds of ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Sarcoidosis is a heterogeneous and multisystem granulomatous disorder. The etiology still is uncertain, but the disease currently is thought to be triggered by various genetic as well as environmental factors. Recently, an association between sarcoidosis and the butyrophilin-like 2 (BTNL2) gene located in close...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10491
更新日期:2012-10-11 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate how mitomycin C (MMC) modulates corneal fibroblast migration and its molecular mechanisms in the wound healing process. METHODS:After treatment with 0 and 0.2 mg · mL(-1) MMC for 5 minutes, effect of MMC on cell migration of human corneal fibroblasts (HCFs) was examined with a cell migration ass...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-9203
更新日期:2012-03-21 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To investigate the effect of reducing high glucose (HG)-induced lysyl oxidase (LOX) overexpression and increased activity on retinal endothelial cell apoptosis. Methods:Rat retinal endothelial cells (RRECs) were grown in normal (N) or HG (30 mM glucose) medium for 7 days. In parallel, RRECs were grown in HG me...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-21340
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using isochromatic luminance gratings and isoluminant red-green color gratings, examined luminance and color discrimination in amblyopia were examined. Complete color and luminance contrast sensitivity functions were measured monocularly from each eye of six normal and six amblyopic observers. Similar spatial frequenc...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Slow oscillatory eye movements (SOMs) occur simultaneously with tremor, drifts, and microsaccades during visual fixation. In a previous study, the amplitude of SOM was found to be affected by the visual characteristics of the stimuli. This indicates a perceptual influence on the control of the movement. However...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12588
更新日期:2013-12-11 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Throughout adulthood, Bruch membrane (BrM) accumulates esterified cholesterol (EC) associated with abundant 60- to 80-nm-diameter lipoprotein-like particles (LLP), putative apolipoprotein B (apoB) lipoproteins secreted by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). In the present study, neutral lipid, phospholipids, ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2376
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Alkali burning of the rabbit cornea is a well-established model for the study of anterior surface inflammation, neovascularization, and wound-healing processes. 12-hydroxyeicosanoids have been implicated as mediators of such responses. 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12[S]-HETE) is a lipoxygenase-derived ar...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amount of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) produced in the cells adjacent to excimer laser ablations in the cornea was compared for 193-nm and 248-nm laser wavelengths. UDS is interpreted to indicate the process of excision repair of pyrimidine dimers formed in DNA. 193-nm laser ablation did not produce a statistic...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:There is uncertainty in the published literature as to whether physical activity should be advocated for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) prevention. We aimed to assess prospectively the association between physical activity and the 15-year incidence of AMD in older adults. METHODS:We assessed AMD from r...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15575
更新日期:2014-11-11 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the effects of silicone hydrogel lens wear and lens-solution interactions on ocular surface sensitivity. METHODS:Forty-eight adapted lens wearers completed the study, which comprised two phases. Phase 1 included habitual lens wear, no lens wear (7 ± 3 days), and balafilcon A lenses (PV; PureVision...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4807
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was undertaken to observe the effect on the differential light sensitivity in glaucoma suspects produced by a long-term reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) with timolol maleate. The results are taken from an ongoing 6 year follow-up study of glaucoma suspects randomly selected for treatment and nontreat...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the immunosuppressive and antiangiogenic activities of an intraocular rapamycin (RAPA) drug delivery system (DDS) in a rabbit model of high-risk penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS:Forty New Zealand White rabbits with corneal neovascularization underwent allograft cornea transplantation and were rand...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-1425
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of gravity acceleration on choroidal and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Methods:Thirteen healthy volunteers who planned to participate in human centrifuge training as part of the flight su...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-21994
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scar formation and fibrosis are the most common causes of ultimate glaucoma filtration surgery failure. The authors used Coulter counter, hexosaminidase, and 3H-thymidine assays to evaluate the effects of mithramycin, mitomycin, daunorubicin, and bleomycin on human subconjunctival fibroblast growth in tissue culture. ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Two noninvasive delivery strategies for VEGF/PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKI) were explored that exploited uveal retention as a means for establishing an ocular drug depot: a single oral "loading" dose and topical administration. METHODS:Melanin binding was confirmed by centrifugation and mass s...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10169
更新日期:2013-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The association of age and blood pressure (BP) with retinal vessel change is widely reported, with inverse relationships between retinal arteriolar and venular diameter and increasing age and elevated BP. No previous studies have dissected the separate effects of age and BP on the diameter of retinal vessels. ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.06-0893
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The chemokine receptor CX3CR1 is expressed by monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. CX3CR1 mediates leukocyte migration and adhesion in homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. Mice lacking Cx3cr1 have altered distribution and function of DC subpopulations in some tissue microenvironments. The...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0953
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Mice rendered hypoglycemic by a null mutation in the glucagon receptor gene Gcgr display late-onset retinal degeneration and loss of retinal sensitivity. Acute hyperglycemia induced by dextrose ingestion does not restore their retinal function, which is consistent with irreversible loss of vision. The goal of t...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8787
更新日期:2012-02-21 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To investigate changes of β-zone parapapillary atrophy (PPA) during axial elongation. Methods:Change of β-zone PPA was evaluated by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in myopic children for 2 years, prospectively. Using the infrared images acquired by a fixed scan circle in the glaucoma prog...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24775
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The authors describe a method for estimating the spheric aberration (SA) of the human crystalline lens in vivo. METHODS:This method was based on a comparison of the measured change in contrast sensitivity (delta log (CSF)) of the eye and the calculated change in modulation transfer function of the cornea with ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The majority of patients with autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) harbor pathogenic OPA1 mutations and certain missense mutations, mostly within the GTPase domain, have recently been shown to cause multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in skeletal muscle. This raises the possibility that the optic neu...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-3634
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To develop a novel in vitro model to study the formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm on intraocular lenses (IOLs) from the primary-attachment phase to the biofilm-accumulation phase. The model was designed to replicate intraocular conditions especially by taking into account intraocular hydrodynamics....
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-1070
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00