Abstract:
PURPOSE:Many retinal imaging instruments use infrared wavelengths to reduce the risk of light damage. However, we have discovered that exposure to infrared illumination causes a long-lasting reduction in infrared autofluorescence (IRAF). We have characterized the dependence of this effect on radiant exposure and investigated its origin. METHODS:A scanning laser ophthalmoscope was used to obtain IRAF images from two macaques before and after exposure to 790-nm light (15-450 J/cm(2)). Exposures were performed with either raster-scanning or uniform illumination. Infrared autofluorescence images also were obtained in two humans exposed to 790-nm light in a separate study. Humans were assessed with direct ophthalmoscopy, Goldmann visual fields, multifocal ERG, and photopic microperimetry to determine whether these measures revealed any effects in the exposed locations. RESULTS:A significant decrease in IRAF after exposure to infrared light was seen in both monkeys and humans. In monkeys, the magnitude of this reduction increased with retinal radiant exposure. Partial recovery was seen at 1 month, with full recovery within 21 months. Consistent with a photochemical origin, IRAF decreases caused by either raster-scanning or uniform illumination were not significantly different. We were unable to detect any effect of the light exposure with any measure other than IRAF imaging. We cannot exclude the possibility that changes could be detected with more sensitive tests or longer follow-up. CONCLUSIONS:This long-lasting effect of infrared illumination in both humans and monkeys occurs at exposure levels four to five times below current safety limits. The photochemical basis for this phenomenon remains unknown.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Masella BD,Williams DR,Fischer WS,Rossi EA,Hunter JJdoi
10.1167/iovs.13-12562subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-05-20 00:00:00pages
3929-38issue
6eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.13-12562journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract:Purpose:To assess the connection among arterioles, venules, and capillaries in three retinal capillary plexuses using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods:This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study including 20 eyes of 10 healthy subjects. En face and cross-sectional OCTA images w...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24710
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To measure the effects of cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFp) on retrolaminar tissue pressure (RLTp) and the translaminar pressure gradient (TLPG), particularly at low CSFp, which is the normal situation in erect posture. METHODS:Micropipettes coupled to a servonull pressure system were passed into eyes of ane...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess whether tonometric measurements of the drop in intraocular pressure (IOP) induced by 0.005% latanoprost are modified after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS:Data from 24 randomly selected eyes of 24 patients (12 men and 12 women, mean age +/- SD: 31.7 +/- 6.2 years) who were undergoing bilat...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.03-0625
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine changes in spherical equivalent over a 5-year period in persons 43 to 84 years of age. METHODS:All people 43 to 84 years of age and living in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, in 1988 were invited for a baseline examination (1988-1990) and a 5-year follow-up examination (1993-1995). Refractions were determined...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Orbital eye position and vestibular sensitivity have both been postulated to influence vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) axis direction. The interaction of these factors in unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD) was examined. METHODS:Initial VOR direction and magnitude were examined in six normal human subjec...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0784
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the impact of substratum compliance and latrunculin-B (Lat-B), both alone and together, on fundamental human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cell behavior. Lat-B is a reversible actin cytoskeleton disruptor that decreases resistance to aqueous humor outflow and decreases intraocular pressure. METHODS:HT...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-7857
更新日期:2011-12-02 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Prospective treatments for age-related macular degeneration and inherited retinal degenerations are commonly evaluated in the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat before translation into clinical application. Historically, retinal thickness obtained through postmortem anatomic assessments has been a key outcome ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20363
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the prevalence and incidence of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in eyes with inactive extramacular cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). METHODS:A case-control report from a longitudinal multicenter observational study by the Studies of the Ocular ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14479
更新日期:2014-06-12 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the effects of blocking substance P (SP) interactions with its major receptor (NK1-R) using the antagonist spantide I in susceptible mice infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS:Immunohistochemistry and enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA) tested levels of SP in the cornea of B6 and BALB/c mice....
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.06-0882
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Melanopsin expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) input to multiple brain regions including those for pupil control, circadian rhythms, sleep and mood regulation. Here we measured ipRGC function and its relationship to sleep quality and depression in patients with advanced AMD. ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20659
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Extremely preterm infants are at increased risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We previously identified several inflammatory proteins that were expressed early in life and are associated with an increased risk of ROP and several angiogenic and neurotrophic growth factors in the neonatal systemic circulat...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-26466
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of tear hyperosmolarity and signs of clinical ocular surface pathology on conjunctival goblet cell population. METHODS:111 participants were assessed using tear osmolarity (TO) measurements and a comprehensive selection of clinical ophthalmic tests. The resultant clinical database was...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-7022
更新日期:2011-08-03 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Ocular rigidity (OR) is an important biomechanical property, thought to be relevant in the pathophysiology of open-angle glaucoma (OAG). This study aims to evaluate the relationship between OR and neuroretinal damage caused by glaucoma. Methods:One hundred eight subjects (22 with healthy eyes, 23 with suspect ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.61.13.11
更新日期:2020-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Eight murine monoclonal antibodies to retinal S-antigen were found to recognize three antigenic clusters in competitive binding experiments. Variable patterns of immunohistochemical staining of retinal sections supported the competitive binding studies. Monoclonal antibodies to two of these three antigenic clusters on...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess whether saccadic eye movements show distinct changes in patients with early active Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), which could serve as a diagnostic tool for early detection and treatment. METHODS:Each of two prospective studies included 10 patients with early acute GO and 10 age- and sex-matched contro...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To investigate whether rapamycin protects tear production and the ocular surface during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced dry eye syndrome in mice. Methods:Tunicamycin was injected intraperitoneally in BALB/c mice without or with rapamycin (TM or RM5 group). Peritoneal injection of PBS performed in veh...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-25583
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cataracts in cultured rabbit lenses were produced by elevation of internal calcium. Experimental procedures were successful in increasing levels of total and bound Ca++, often without significant changes in sodium, potassium, or water content. Although the excess in calcium was predominantly associated with water-solu...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the elderly. Evidence suggests oxidative stress plays a role in the disease. To assess the potential contribution of epigenetic regulation of antioxidant genes relevant to AMD pathogenesis, we evaluated DNA methylation, a tissue-specifi...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8449
更新日期:2012-04-24 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To use laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) to assess blood flow (BF) in the optic nerve head (ONH) tissue and choroid during elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods:This prospective study included 20 eyes of 20 healthy volunteers. The testing protocol had a baseline phase, two elevated IOP phases (+10 and +20...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-23872
更新日期:2018-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::An imaging fundus reflectometer has been used to study the distribution and regeneration of visual pigments in the retina of the adult living cat. Measurements were made over an area of tapetal retina extending 25 degrees nasal and 40 degrees temporal to the area centralis on the horizontal meridian and 5 degrees infe...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Subcellular Ca2+ signaling patterns, such as Ca2+ waves, gradients, and oscillations, are an important aspect of cell regulation, but the molecular basis for these signaling patterns is not understood. Because Ca2+ release patterns differ among isoforms of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) receptor, the ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We evaluated whether UVA-riboflavin collagen cross-linking (CXL) increases transverse stromal shear moduli ex vivo, whether the shear moduli are greater in the anterior compared to the posterior stroma, and whether the shear moduli are affected by CXL. METHODS:The resistance to unidirectional transverse shear ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10710
更新日期:2013-07-26 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To enumerate the ocular surface fungal microbiome of healthy human eyes by using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Methods:Tarsal and fornix conjunctiva from the lower and upper lids of both eyes of healthy individuals were swabbed in duplicate separately. A total of 34 samples were collected from both the eye...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-26076
更新日期:2019-01-02 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To optimize fixation, sectioning, and immunolabeling protocols to map the morphology of the human lens with confocal microscopy. METHODS:Transparent human lenses were fixed in 0.75% paraformaldehyde for 24 hours, cut in half, and fixed for another 24 hours. Lenses were cryoprotected, sectioned, and labeled wit...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-3435
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Patients express their discomfort by subjective complaints, which may not clearly express the extent of their discomfort. This study noninvasively and objectively quantified ocular discomfort, a form of feeling, from the prefrontal cortex by functional near-infrared ray spectroscopy topography. Methods:This ca...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24840
更新日期:2018-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine the source of the retinol which has been identified in the tear fluid, the lacrimal gland ducts of rabbits and rats were cannulated and the collected lacrimal gland fluid was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Retinol was identified in the lacrimal gland fluid of rabbits and rats...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the vasorelaxing effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and natriuretic peptides on isolated bovine retinal arteries (BRAs) and to evaluate the possibility of the unidentified retinal relaxing factor (RRF) being one of these peptides. METHODS:Retinal arteries were isolated from bovine eyes a...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-1093
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of 32 patients with low vision who were considered clinically appropriate candidates for visual rehabilitation with telescopic spectacles were prospectively studied before the first attempted use of these visual aids. Laboratory measurements were made of: (1) rotational head stability in pitch and yaw during q...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the antineoplastic effect of vitamin D analogues in a xenograft model of human retinoblastoma. METHODS:Athymic mice were injected subcutaneously with Y79 cells and treated 5 days a week with either mineral oil (control group) or the vitamin D analogues calcitriol or 1,25-dihydroxy-16-ene-23-yne vitami...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.02-1198
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Elevated levels of extracellular glutamate have been implicated in the pathophysiology of neuronal loss in both central nervous system and ophthalmic disorders, including glaucoma. This increase in glutamate may result from a failure of glutamate transporters, which are molecules that ordinarily regulate extrac...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00