Abstract：
:In this paper, we evaluate methodologies and null mouse models used to study drug transporter function in vitro and in vivo. P-glycoprotein and MRP null mice have been used to examine many aspects of xenobiotic distribution and bioavailability. Their advantage over conventional models is that they allow the exclusion of transporters from a particular process; however, they cannot be used to study the activity of the transporter that has been deleted. Use of humanized mice permits a logical progression from phenomena in wild-type mice via the effects of removing the mouse transporter to the consequences of replacing it with its human counterpart.
journal_name
Drug Metab Revjournal_title
Drug metabolism reviewsauthors
Stanley LA,Horsburgh BC,Ross J,Scheer N,Wolf CRdoi
10.1080/03602530802605040subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
27-65issue
1eissn
0360-2532issn
1097-9883journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The physiological and biochemical measurements that can be performed noninvasively in humans with modern imaging techniques offer great promise for defining the precise state of a patient's disease and its response to therapy. In general, there are two critical points in drug development when PET measurements are like...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:This article reviews the regulatory, social, policy, and other issues that will shape the development of pharmacogenomics applications. We identify and analyze 19 key public policy issues, ranging from the economic incentives for linked diagnostic-drug development, to the regulation of tests and drugs, and to privacy ...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:A number of therapeutic drugs with different structures and mechanisms of action have been reported to undergo metabolic activation by Phase I or Phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes. The bioactivation gives rise to reactive metabolites/intermediates, which readily confer covalent binding to various target proteins by n...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:Monkeys, especially macaques, including cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) and rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), are frequently used in drug metabolism studies due to their evolutionary closeness to humans. Recently, numerous cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) cDNAs have been identified and characterized in cynomolgus and rhe...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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abstract：:Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) are important oxidative drug metabolizing enzymes. FMO3 is the primary human adult liver FMO enzyme, but is developmentally regulated. FMO3 promoter characterization using in vitro DNA binding assays with HepG2 cell and fetal and adult liver nuclear protein, as well as FMO3/repo...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/03602530701498612
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abstract：:The rat P450IIA subfamily was characterized at the protein, cDNA, and gene level. The purified IIA1 and IIA2 P-450s displayed distinct positional specificities toward hydroxylation of the prototype substrate testosterone. The IIA1 and IIA2 genes were also regulated differently during development; IIA1 was expressed wi...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice and is associated with decreased quality of life, and increased mortality and morbidity from stroke and thromboembolism. The underlying mechanisms involved in the development of AF have yet to be fully elucidated. However, once initiated, AF t...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/03602532.2015.1077858
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present paper has discussed available test systems for determination of the response of G-6-PD-deficient human erythrocytes to environmental agents. The limitations and advantages of each model have been examined, and the results of research using each model have been presented. The future development of suitable ...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/03602532.2014.982865
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psilocybin and psilocin are controlled substances in many countries. These are the two main hallucinogenic compounds of the "magic mushrooms" and both act as agonists or partial agonists at 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A subtype receptors. During the last few years, psilocybin and psilocin have gained therapeutic releva...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/03602532.2016.1278228
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug transporters and drug metabolism enzymes govern drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. Many literature works presenting important aspects related to stereochemistry of drug metabolism are available. However, there is very little literature on stereoselectivity of chiral drug transport and enan...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/03602532.2014.887094
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of medical use in China and is still used worldwide. Unexpected herb-drug interactions (HDIs) may lead to adverse drug reactions or loss of therapeutic efficacy of the victim drug. Here, based on searches of Medline, EBSCO, Science Direct and Web of Science using v...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3109/03602532.2015.1124888
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The CYP4 family of cytochrome P450 enzymes and the mammalian peroxidases covalently bind their heme groups. In the CYP4 enzymes this involves one, and in the peroxidases two, covalent ester links between heme methys and carboxylic acid side-chains. In addition, in myeloperoxidase, a methionine forms a sulfonium link t...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1081/dmr-120005663
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mineral fibers, including asbestos, are ubiquitous contaminants of the environment. Asbestos fibers are generally present at levels below 1 fiber/L in air though 10 fibers/L may be found in cities; these levels do not appear to be high enough to present a hazard to health. These fibers come mostly from the use of fibr...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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doi：10.3109/03602539408998321
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review of the literature on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), we describe recent developments of this technique in the medical field. SERS has developed rapidly in the last few years as a result of the fascinating advancements in instrumentation and the ability to interpret complex Raman data using hig...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An association between marijuana use and schizophrenia has been noted for decades, and the recent emergence of high-efficacy synthetic cannabinoids (SCBs) as drugs of abuse has lead to a growing number of clinical reports of persistent psychotic effects in users of these substances. The mechanisms underlying SCB-elici...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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abstract：:Synthetic cannabinoids (SC), originally developed as research tools, are now highly abused novel psychoactive substances. We present a comprehensive systematic review covering in vivo and in vitro animal and human pharmacokinetics and analytical methods for identifying SC and their metabolites in biological matrices. ...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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doi：10.3109/03602532.2015.1029635
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dehydroepiandrosterone has been thought to have physiological functions other than as an androgen precursor. The previous studies performed have demonstrated a number of biological effects in rodents, such as amelioration of disease in diabetic, chemical carcinogenesis, and obesity models. To date, activation of the p...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At present, the methods and enzymology of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) lag behind that of the cytochromes P450 (CYPs). About 15 human UGTs have been identified, and knowledge about their regulation, substrate selectivity, and tissue distribution has progressed recently. Alamethicin has been characterized as...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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doi：10.1081/dmr-120000653
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive active/androstane receptor (CAR), members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, are two major xeno-sensing transcription factors. They can be activated by a broad range of lipophilic xenobiotics including therapeutics drugs. In addition to xenobiotics, endogenous compounds suc...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate diazepam and oxazepam as cytochrome P450 inducers at doses previously shown to cause liver tumors in mice but not rats. In rats, diazepam and oxazepam induced CYP2B, and were as effective as phenobarbital despite lacking phenobarbital's tumor-promoting effect in rats. In mice, dia...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 is one of the most important enzymes involved in the metabolism of drugs. Multiple, clinically relevant, genetic variants of this gene have been identified and, among them, a gene deletion as well as multiplications of the gene. These large structural mutations in CYP2D6 occur at a relatively...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) is a material with multiple uses due to its biocompatibility and its resemblance to the nonorganic bone structure. It is used in various dental domains such as implantology, surgery, periodontology, esthetics and prevention. The aim of this study is to provide a wide understanding of nano...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery, there are well-documented changes in the pharmacokinetics (PK) of commonly administered drugs. Although multiple factors potentially underpin these changes, there has been scant research attention on the impact of CPB to alter the activities ...
journal_title：Drug metabolism reviews
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更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
