Abstract:
:The origin of cooperation is a central challenge to our understanding of evolution. The fact that microbial interactions can be manipulated in ways that animal interactions cannot has led to a growing interest in microbial models of cooperation and competition. For the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to grow on sucrose, the disaccharide must first be hydrolysed by the enzyme invertase. This hydrolysis reaction is performed outside the cytoplasm in the periplasmic space between the plasma membrane and the cell wall. Here we demonstrate that the vast majority ( approximately 99 per cent) of the monosaccharides created by sucrose hydrolysis diffuse away before they can be imported into the cell, serving to make invertase production and secretion a cooperative behaviour. A mutant cheater strain that does not produce invertase is able to take advantage of and invade a population of wild-type cooperator cells. However, over a wide range of conditions, the wild-type cooperator can also invade a population of cheater cells. Therefore, we observe steady-state coexistence between the two strains in well-mixed culture resulting from the fact that rare strategies outperform common strategies-the defining features of what game theorists call the snowdrift game. A model of the cooperative interaction incorporating nonlinear benefits explains the origin of this coexistence. We are able to alter the outcome of the competition by varying either the cost of cooperation or the glucose concentration in the media. Finally, we note that glucose repression of invertase expression in wild-type cells produces a strategy that is optimal for the snowdrift game-wild-type cells cooperate only when competing against cheater cells.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Gore J,Youk H,van Oudenaarden Adoi
10.1038/nature07921subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-05-14 00:00:00pages
253-6issue
7244eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature07921journal_volume
459pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::A plume of water vapour escapes from fissures crossing the south polar region of the Saturnian moon Enceladus. Tidal deformation of a thin surface crust above an internal ocean could result in tensile and compressive stresses that would affect the width of the fissures; therefore, the quantity of water vapour released...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07542
更新日期:2008-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::G-protein-coupled receptors comprise the largest family of mammalian transmembrane receptors. They mediate numerous cellular pathways by coupling with downstream signalling transducers, including the hetrotrimeric G proteins Gs (stimulatory) and Gi (inhibitory) and several arrestin proteins. The structural mechanisms ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0215-y
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effective interaction between T cells and their targets requires that recognition of specific antigen be coordinated with increased cell-cell adhesion. We show that antigen-receptor cross-linking increases the strength of the adhesion mechanism between lymphocyte function-associated molecule-1 (LFA-1) and intercellula...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/341619a0
更新日期:1989-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,新闻
doi:10.1038/d41586-019-00563-6
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many proteins are expressed in distinct embryonic and adult forms. However, in most cases we do not know why the embryonic form of proteins is required. This question can be readily addressed for the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) because developmentally specified modifications of this ligand-gated ion channel can be d...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/335066a0
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleation of aerosol particles from trace atmospheric vapours is thought to provide up to half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Aerosols can cause a net cooling of climate by scattering sunlight and by leading to smaller but more numerous cloud droplets, which makes clouds brighter and extends their lifetimes. At...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12663
更新日期:2013-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::The hippocampus is an important part of the limbic system in the human brain that has essential roles in spatial navigation and the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory1,2. Here we use single-cell RNA sequencing and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-se...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1917-5
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The halo of the Milky Way provides a laboratory to study the properties of the shocked hot gas that is predicted by models of galaxy formation. There is observational evidence of energy injection into the halo from past activity in the nucleus of the Milky Way1-4; however, the origin of this energy (star formation or ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2979-0
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Southern Ocean is very important for the potential sequestration of carbon dioxide in the oceans and is expected to be vulnerable to changes in carbon export forced by anthropogenic climate warming. Annual phytoplankton blooms in seasonal ice zones are highly productive and are thought to contribute significantly ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35007061
更新日期:2000-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Measurement of the free calcium concentration within a photo-receptor outer segment has been considered an important aim since the proposal by Hagins and Yoshikami that the primary event in phototransduction is a release of Ca (2+) inside the cell. More recent evidence has cast doubt on the calcium hypothesis, and the...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/322261a0
更新日期:1986-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Highly collimated parsec-scale jets, which are generally linked to the presence of an accretion disk, are commonly observed in low-mass young stellar objects. In the past two decades, a few of these jets have been directly (or indirectly) observed from higher-mass (larger than eight solar masses) young stellar objects...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature25189
更新日期:2018-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Carbon exchange between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere is one of the key processes that need to be assessed in the context of the Kyoto Protocol. Several studies suggest that the terrestrial biosphere is gaining carbon, but these estimates are obtained primarily by indirect methods, and the factors that ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35009084
更新日期:2000-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Suppressor of cytokine signalling-2 (SOCS-2) is a member of the suppressor of cytokine signalling family, a group of related proteins implicated in the negative regulation of cytokine action through inhibition of the Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signal-transduction pathw...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35016611
更新日期:2000-06-29 00:00:00
abstract::Direct lineage reprogramming represents a remarkable conversion of cellular and transcriptome states. However, the intermediate stages through which individual cells progress during reprogramming are largely undefined. Here we use single-cell RNA sequencing at multiple time points to dissect direct reprogramming from ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature18323
更新日期:2016-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Prostaglandins have wide-ranging effects in the body and are thought to be important mediators of inflammation. Cyclooxygenase (COX) plays a key regulatory role in prostaglandin synthesis, and occurs in both constitutive (COX-1) and inducible (COX-2) isoforms. COX-1 is thought to provide cytoprotective effects, wherea...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/378406a0
更新日期:1995-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::The alpha-like and beta-like globin genes have provided a paradigm for the study of molecular evolution and regulation of multigene families in eukaryotes. The human alpha-globin gene cluster, which is on chromosome 16 (ref. 1), consists of six genes arranged in the order 5'-zeta(embryonic)-psi zeta-psi alpha 2-psi al...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/321785a0
更新日期:1986-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::The biochemical response to food intake must be precisely regulated. Because ingested sugars and fats can feed into many anabolic and catabolic pathways1, how our bodies handle nutrients depends on strategically positioned metabolic sensors that link the intrinsic nutritional value of a meal with intermediary metaboli...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0849-9
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::While progress in fusion research continues with magnetic and inertial confinement, alternative approaches--such as Coulomb explosions of deuterium clusters and ultrafast laser-plasma interactions--also provide insight into basic processes and technological applications. However, attempts to produce fusion in a room t...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03575
更新日期:2005-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium channels and receptors to serotonin and kainate were 'transplanted' from human brain into frog oocytes, by isolating messenger RNA from a fetal brain, and injecting it into Xenopus laevis oocytes. The mRNA was translated by the oocyte and induced the appearance of functional receptors and channels in its membra...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/308421a0
更新日期:1984-03-29 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 新闻
doi:10.1038/d41586-019-00012-4
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A consequence of relativity is that in the presence of an electric field, the spin and momentum states of an electron can be coupled; this is known as spin-orbit coupling. Such an interaction opens a pathway to the manipulation of electron spins within non-magnetic semiconductors, in the absence of applied magnetic fi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02202
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evolutionary relationships among the eight major lineages of Mollusca have remained unresolved despite their diversity and importance. Previous investigations of molluscan phylogeny, based primarily on nuclear ribosomal gene sequences or morphological data, have been unsuccessful at elucidating these relationships. Re...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10382
更新日期:2011-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::In neuronal cells, opioid peptides and opiates inhibit neurotransmitter release, which is a calcium-dependent process. They also inhibit adenylyl cyclase, presumably via the membrane signal-transducing component, Gi, a guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein). No causal relationship between these two events has ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/325445a0
更新日期:1987-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::Many receptors for neuropeptides and hormones are coupled with the heterotrimeric G(i) protein, which activates the p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) cascade through both the alpha- and betagamma-subunits of G(i). The betagamma-subunit activates the ERK/MAPK cascade through tyrosine kinase. Constituti...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/23738
更新日期:1999-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Microtubule-based ATPases of the kinesin superfamily provide the motile force for many animated features of living cells. Kinesin motors differ in their direction of movement along microtubules. Kinesin and ncd, a kinesin-related motor involved in formation and maintenance of mitotic and meiotic spindles, move in oppo...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/380555a0
更新日期:1996-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis in the immune system is a fundamental process regulating lymphocyte maturation, receptor repertoire selection and homeostasis. Thus, death by apoptosis is as essential for the function of lymphocytes as growth and differentiation. This article focuses on death receptor-associated apoptosis and the role of CD...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/35037728
更新日期:2000-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Protein design provides a rigorous test of our knowledge about proteins and allows the creation of novel enzymes for biotechnological applications. Whereas progress has been made in designing proteins that mimic native proteins structurally, it is more difficult to design functional proteins. In comparison to recent s...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08620
更新日期:2009-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::The human nose is often considered something of a luxury, but in the rest of the animal world, from bacteria to mammals, detecting chemicals in the environment has been critical to the successful organism. An indication of the importance of olfactory systems is the significant proportion - as much as 4% - of the genom...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/35093026
更新日期:2001-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::The distal lung contains terminal bronchioles and alveoli that facilitate gas exchange. Three-dimensional in vitro human distal lung culture systems would strongly facilitate the investigation of pathologies such as interstitial lung disease, cancer and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia caused by severe ac...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-3014-1
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cortex organizes sensory information to enable discrimination and generalization1-4. As systematic representations of chemical odour space have not yet been described in the olfactory cortex, it remains unclear how odour relationships are encoded to place chemically distinct but similar odours, such as lemon and o...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2451-1
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00