Multiple sclerosis enters a grey area.

abstract：:The RIG-like helicase (RLH) family of intracellular receptors detect viral nucleic acid and signal through the mitochondrial antiviral signalling adaptor MAVS (also known as Cardif, VISA and IPS-1) during a viral infection. MAVS activation leads to the rapid production of antiviral cytokines, including type 1 interfer...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Moore CB,Bergstralh DT,Duncan JA,Lei Y,Morrison TE,Zimmermann AG,Accavitti-Loper MA,Madden VJ,Sun L,Ye Z,Lich JD,Heise MT,Chen Z,Ting JP

更新日期：2008-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:One of us has previously reported that treatment of the Keilin and Hartree heart-muscle preparation with 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL), in the presence of air, leads to the complete inactivation of the succinate oxidase system with little if any effect on the activities of succinate dehydrogenase (until more than half ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Slater EC,de Vries S

更新日期：1980-12-25 00:00:00

abstract：:As key executers of biological functions, the activity and abundance of proteins are subjected to extensive regulation. Deciphering the genetic architecture underlying this regulation is critical for understanding cellular signalling events and responses to environmental cues. Using random mutagenesis in haploid human...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brockmann M,Blomen VA,Nieuwenhuis J,Stickel E,Raaben M,Bleijerveld OB,Altelaar AFM,Jae LT,Brummelkamp TR

更新日期：2017-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jia H

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of our current knowledge about mitochondria has come from studying patients who have respiratory chain disorders. These disorders comprise a large collection of individually rare syndromes, each presenting in a unique and often devastating way. In recent years, there has been great progress in defining their gene...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vafai SB,Mootha VK

更新日期：2012-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Witze A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The multi-disciplinary role of intermediate energy proton accelerators in pure and applied nuclear physics is discussed with particular reference to the experimental programmes at LAMPF (Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility) and SIN (Swiss Institute for Nuclear Research, Zurich). ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Davies JD,Batty CJ,Green K

更新日期：1977-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Totipotent germline blastomeres in Caenorhabditis elegans contain, but do not respond to, factors that promote somatic differentiation in other embryonic cells. Mutations in the maternal gene pie-1 result in the germline blastomeres adopting somatic cell fates. Here we show that pie-1 encodes a nuclear protein, PIE-1,...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mello CC,Schubert C,Draper B,Zhang W,Lobel R,Priess JR

更新日期：1996-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomeromycota) reproduce asexually, are multinucleate, and have high genetic variation within single cells. Pawlowska and Taylor find that genetic variation within AM fungal cells is not lost as a result of segregation, and they interpret this as evidence that the variation is presen...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bever JD,Wang M

更新日期：2005-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been generated by enforced expression of defined sets of transcription factors in somatic cells. It remains controversial whether iPSCs are molecularly and functionally equivalent to blastocyst-derived embryonic stem (ES) cells. By comparing genetically identical mouse ES ce...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stadtfeld M,Apostolou E,Akutsu H,Fukuda A,Follett P,Natesan S,Kono T,Shioda T,Hochedlinger K

更新日期：2010-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been many reports that eukaryotic cells contain ring-shaped 19S or 20S particles which are composed of numerous polypeptide subunits ranging in size between 25 and 35 kilodaltons. Because these particles seemed to copurify with inactive mRNA, they were assumed to function in regulating mRNA translation and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Arrigo AP,Tanaka K,Goldberg AL,Welch WJ

更新日期：1988-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：:During development, cells interpret complex and often conflicting signals to make optimal decisions. Plant stomata, the cellular interface between a plant and the atmosphere, develop according to positional cues, which include a family of secreted peptides called epidermal patterning factors (EPFs). How these signalli...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lee JS,Hnilova M,Maes M,Lin YC,Putarjunan A,Han SK,Avila J,Torii KU

更新日期：2015-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The normal cellular form of prion protein (PrPC) is a precursor to the pathogenic protease-resistant forms (PrPSc) believed to cause scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Its amino terminus contains the octapeptide PHGGGWGQ, which is repeated four times and is among the best-pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brown DR,Qin K,Herms JW,Madlung A,Manson J,Strome R,Fraser PE,Kruck T,von Bohlen A,Schulz-Schaeffer W,Giese A,Westaway D,Kretzschmar H

更新日期：1997-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The polarized architecture of epithelial cells depends on the highly stereotypic distribution of cellular junctions and other membrane-associated protein complexes. In epithelial cells of the Drosophila embryo, three distinct domains subdivide the lateral plasma membrane. The most apical one comprises the subapical co...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bachmann A,Schneider M,Theilenberg E,Grawe F,Knust E

更新日期：2001-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding exotic forms of magnetism in quantum mechanical systems is a central goal of modern condensed matter physics, with implications for systems ranging from high-temperature superconductors to spintronic devices. Simulating magnetic materials in the vicinity of a quantum phase transition is computationally i...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Simon J,Bakr WS,Ma R,Tai ME,Preiss PM,Greiner M

更新日期：2011-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV has advanced from high-risk groups such as intravenous drug users to some in the general population, according to comprehensive new data from the south of China. What needs to be done to halt its spread? ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lu L,Jia M,Ma Y,Yang L,Chen Z,Ho DD,Jiang Y,Zhang L

更新日期：2008-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a clear case for drug treatments to be selected according to the characteristics of an individual patient, in order to improve efficacy and reduce the number and severity of adverse drug reactions. However, such personalization of drug treatments requires the ability to predict how different individuals will ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Clayton TA,Lindon JC,Cloarec O,Antti H,Charuel C,Hanton G,Provost JP,Le Net JL,Baker D,Walley RJ,Everett JR,Nicholson JK

更新日期：2006-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic nanoparticles exhibit size-dependent properties that are of interest for applications ranging from biosensing and catalysis to optics and data storage. They are readily available in a wide variety of discrete compositions and sizes. Shape-selective synthesis strategies now also yield shapes other than nanosp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jin R,Cao YC,Hao E,Métraux GS,Schatz GC,Mirkin CA

更新日期：2003-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages are pivotal constituents of the innate immune system, vital for recognition and elimination of microbial pathogens. Macrophages use Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns--including bacterial cell wall components, such as lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid, and vir...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hsu LC,Park JM,Zhang K,Luo JL,Maeda S,Kaufman RJ,Eckmann L,Guiney DG,Karin M

更新日期：2004-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Colorectal cancer results from mutations in components of the Wnt pathway that regulate beta-catenin levels. Dishevelled (Dvl or Dsh) signals downstream of Wnt receptors and stabilizes beta-catenin during cell proliferation and embryonic axis formation. Moreover, Dvl contributes to cytoskeletal reorganization during g...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Capelluto DG,Kutateladze TG,Habas R,Finkielstein CV,He X,Overduin M

更新日期：2002-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The macronutrient phosphorus is thought to limit primary productivity in the oceans on geological timescales. Although there has been a sustained effort to reconstruct the dynamics of the phosphorus cycle over the past 3.5 billion years, it remains uncertain whether phosphorus limitation persisted throughout Earth's h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reinhard CT,Planavsky NJ,Gill BC,Ozaki K,Robbins LJ,Lyons TW,Fischer WW,Wang C,Cole DB,Konhauser KO

更新日期：2017-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the mechanism of muscular contraction and its regulation by Ca2+ (ref. 3), it is important to know the arrangement and configuration of the myosin heads in the space between thin and thick filaments in relaxed muscle. This information is still lacking, mainly because the myosin reflections in the X-ray d...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Maéda Y

更新日期：1983-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunoglobulin superfamily is a group of proteins, each made of one or several domains sharing key structural features with either the variable (V) or the constant (C) immunoglobulin domains. It includes such functionally important members as the immunoglobulins themselves, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brunet JF,Denizot F,Luciani MF,Roux-Dosseto M,Suzan M,Mattei MG,Golstein P

更新日期：1987-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Hereditary persistance of fetal haemoglobin (HPFH) is a benign condition characterized by the production in adulthood of more than 1% fetal haemoglobin (HbF, alpha 2 gamma 2) in the absence of erythropoietic stress. Several genetic types have been discerned based on the level of HbF produced, the relative contribution...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Collins FS,Metherall JE,Yamakawa M,Pan J,Weissman SM,Forget BG

更新日期：1985-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The Haldane model on a honeycomb lattice is a paradigmatic example of a Hamiltonian featuring topologically distinct phases of matter. It describes a mechanism through which a quantum Hall effect can appear as an intrinsic property of a band structure, rather than being caused by an external magnetic field. Although p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jotzu G,Messer M,Desbuquois R,Lebrat M,Uehlinger T,Greif D,Esslinger T

更新日期：2014-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In developing mammalian muscle, axon branches of several motor neurons co-innervate the same muscle fibre. Competition among them results in the strengthening of one and the withdrawal of the rest. It is not known why one particular axon branch survives or why some competitions resolve sooner than others. Here we show...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kasthuri N,Lichtman JW

更新日期：2003-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) by chromosomal translocations or point mutations is a frequent event in haematological malignancies. JAK2 is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates several cellular processes by inducing cytoplasmic signalling cascades. Here we show that human JAK2 is present in the nucleus o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dawson MA,Bannister AJ,Göttgens B,Foster SD,Bartke T,Green AR,Kouzarides T

更新日期：2009-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Type Ia supernovae are thought to result from thermonuclear explosions of carbon-oxygen white dwarf stars. Existing models generally explain the observed properties, with the exception of the sub-luminous 1991bg-like supernovae. It has long been suspected that the merger of two white dwarfs could give rise to a type I...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pakmor R,Kromer M,Röpke FK,Sim SA,Ruiter AJ,Hillebrandt W

更新日期：2010-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The vasopressor angiotensin II regulates vascular contractility and blood pressure through binding to type 1 angiotensin II receptors (AT1; refs 1, 2). Bradykinin, a vasodepressor, is a functional antagonist of angiotensin II (ref. 3). The two hormone systems are interconnected by the angiotensin-converting enzyme, wh...

journal_title：Nature

authors： AbdAlla S,Lother H,Quitterer U

更新日期：2000-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Skeletal muscles consist of motor units which may differ considerably in contractile properties and types of usage. Some units participate mainly in relatively rare, quick movements and contract rapidly and are easily fatigued (type FF); others contribute to the maintenance of posture and hence contract slowly and are...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hennig R,Lømo T

更新日期：1985-03-14 00:00:00