Abstract:
:Many distributed collective decision-making processes must balance diverse individual preferences with a desire for collective unity. We report here on an extensive session of behavioral experiments on biased voting in networks of individuals. In each of 81 experiments, 36 human subjects arranged in a virtual network were financially motivated to reach global consensus to one of two opposing choices. No payments were made unless the entire population reached a unanimous decision within 1 min, but different subjects were paid more for consensus to one choice or the other, and subjects could view only the current choices of their network neighbors, thus creating tensions between private incentives and preferences, global unity, and network structure. Along with analyses of how collective and individual performance vary with network structure and incentives generally, we find that there are well-studied network topologies in which the minority preference consistently wins globally; that the presence of "extremist" individuals, or the awareness of opposing incentives, reliably improve collective performance; and that certain behavioral characteristics of individual subjects, such as "stubbornness," are strongly correlated with earnings.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Kearns M,Judd S,Tan J,Wortman Jdoi
10.1073/pnas.0808147106subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-03 00:00:00pages
1347-52issue
5eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0808147106journal_volume
106pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We have found that three Escherichia coli heat shock proteins, DnaK (the hsp70 homolog), DnaJ, and GrpE, function in oriP1 DNA replication in vitro solely to activate DNA binding by the replication initiator protein RepA. Activation results from the conversion of P1 or P7 RepA dimers to monomers that bind with high af...
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