N-terminal domain of complexin independently activates calcium-triggered fusion.

abstract：:The numbers and proportion of neurons in areas and regions of cortex were determined for a single cortical hemisphere from two prosimian galagos, one New World owl monkey, one Old World macaque monkey, and one baboon. The results suggest that there is a common plan of cortical organization across the species examined ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Collins CE,Airey DC,Young NA,Leitch DB,Kaas JH

更新日期：2010-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:On the basis of task-related imaging studies in normal human subjects, it has been suggested that two attention systems exist in the human brain: a bilateral dorsal attention system involved in top-down orienting of attention and a right-lateralized ventral attention system involved in reorienting attention in respons...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fox MD,Corbetta M,Snyder AZ,Vincent JL,Raichle ME

更新日期：2006-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-gated sodium (Na(V)) and potassium (K(V)) channels are critical components of neuronal action potential generation and propagation. Here, we report that Na(V)β1 encoded by SCN1b, an integral subunit of Na(V) channels, coassembles with and modulates the biophysical properties of K(V)1 and K(V)7 channels, but no...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nguyen HM,Miyazaki H,Hoshi N,Smith BJ,Nukina N,Goldin AL,Chandy KG

更新日期：2012-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Inbred 129 strain mice are predisposed to developing male germ cell tumors (GCTs) of the testes. The inherent genetic defects that underlie male GCT susceptibility in the 129 mouse strain are unknown. GCT incidence is increased in 129 strain males that lack functional p53 protein, and we have used this finding to faci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Muller AJ,Teresky AK,Levine AJ

更新日期：2000-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Galanin is a neuropeptide with a wide variety of biological functions, including that of a strong endogenous anticonvulsant. No nonpeptide ligands, capable of activating galanin receptors, are available today. Based on known pharmacophores of galanin, a combinatorial library was designed, synthesized, and screened at ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saar K,Mazarati AM,Mahlapuu R,Hallnemo G,Soomets U,Kilk K,Hellberg S,Pooga M,Tolf BR,Shi TS,Hökfelt T,Wasterlain C,Bartfai T,Langel U

更新日期：2002-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor. Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pérez-Mendoza D,Rodríguez-Carvajal MÁ,Romero-Jiménez L,Farias Gde A,Lloret J,Gallegos MT,Sanjuán J

更新日期：2015-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The forebrain cholinergic system promotes higher brain function in part by signaling through the M(1) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). During Alzheimer's disease (AD), these cholinergic neurons degenerate, therefore selectively activating M(1) receptors could improve cognitive function in these patients whil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma L,Seager MA,Wittmann M,Jacobson M,Bickel D,Burno M,Jones K,Graufelds VK,Xu G,Pearson M,McCampbell A,Gaspar R,Shughrue P,Danziger A,Regan C,Flick R,Pascarella D,Garson S,Doran S,Kreatsoulas C,Veng L,Lindsley C

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the importance of tuberculosis as a public health problem, we know relatively little about the molecular mechanisms used by the causative organism, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, to persist in the host. To define these mechanisms, we have mutated virtually every nonessential gene of M. tuberculosis and determined...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sassetti CM,Rubin EJ

更新日期：2003-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Double immunofluorescent labeling experiments for lysosomes and either microtubules or vimentin intermediate filaments in cultured well-spread fibroblasts show a remarkable degree of superposition of the lysosomes and the microtubules. Under two different sets of conditions where the microtubules and intermediate fila...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Collot M,Louvard D,Singer SJ

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The murine T-cell surface molecules Lyt-2 and L3T4 play a role in the activation of antigen-specific T cells. The currently accepted model for the function of these molecules proposes that Lyt-2 and L3T4 increase the overall avidity of the interaction between the T-cell antigen receptor and antigen in association with...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fazekas de St Groth B,Gallagher PF,Miller JF

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chloroplast retrograde signaling networks are vital for chloroplast biogenesis, operation, and signaling, including excess light and drought stress signaling. To date, retrograde signaling has been considered in the context of land plant adaptation, but not regarding the origin and evolution of signaling cascades link...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao C,Wang Y,Chan KX,Marchant DB,Franks PJ,Randall D,Tee EE,Chen G,Ramesh S,Phua SY,Zhang B,Hills A,Dai F,Xue D,Gilliham M,Tyerman S,Nevo E,Wu F,Zhang G,Wong GK,Leebens-Mack JH,Melkonian M,Blatt MR,Soltis P

更新日期：2019-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Flagellin and several other external components of the bacterial flagellum are thought to be exported, not by the general N-terminal signal peptide-dependent pathway, but by a flagellum-specific pathway involving a central channel in the flagellum itself. We have constructed a variety of mutant alleles of the Escheric...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kuwajima G,Kawagishi I,Homma M,Asaka J,Kondo E,Macnab RM

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobial peptides constitute an important component of the mammalian innate immune response. Several types of antimicrobial peptides, including the beta-defensins, are produced at epithelial surfaces in response to infectious threats. Here we show that a class of small molecules, including l-isoleucine and severa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fehlbaum P,Rao M,Zasloff M,Anderson GM

更新日期：2000-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Light chains were obtained from IgG rabbit antibodies to the group-specific carbohydrates of groups A and C streptococci. An analysis of the amino acid alternatives which exist at the first three positions of the N-terminus in both light-chain preparations shows a marked restriction in amino acid sequence heterogeneit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hood L,Lackland H,Eichman K,Kindt TJ,Braun DG,Krause RM

更新日期：1969-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal remodeling is a fundamental process by which the brain responds to environmental influences, e.g., during stress. In the hippocampus, chronic stress causes retraction of dendrites in CA3 pyramidal neurons. We have recently identified the glycoprotein M6a as a stress-responsive gene in the hippocampal formatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alfonso J,Fernández ME,Cooper B,Flugge G,Frasch AC

更新日期：2005-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Urbanization and rural-urban migration are two factors driving global patterns of disease and mortality. There is significant concern about their potential impact on disease burden and the effectiveness of current control approaches. Few attempts have been made to increase our understanding of the relationship between...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tian H,Hu S,Cazelles B,Chowell G,Gao L,Laine M,Li Y,Yang H,Li Y,Yang Q,Tong X,Huang R,Bjornstad ON,Xiao H,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and the resulting elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i, triggers transmitter release in nerve terminals. However, it is controversial whether in addition to the opening of Ca2+ channels, membrane potential directly affects transmitter release. Here, we ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Felmy F,Neher E,Schneggenburger R

更新日期：2003-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:AK032317 is the GenBank accession no. of a full-length RIKEN mouse cDNA. It encodes a putative variant of the C3-type TRPC (transient receptor potential channel) that differs from the previously cloned murine TRPC3 cDNA in that it has a 5' extension stemming from inclusion of an additional exon (exon 0). The extended ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yildirim E,Kawasaki BT,Birnbaumer L

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated patterns of genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum associated with its two main African vectors: Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus. We dissected 10,296 wild-caught mosquitoes from three tropical sites, two in Cameroon (Simbock and Tibati, separated by 320 km) and one in Kenya (Rota, >2,000 k...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Annan Z,Durand P,Ayala FJ,Arnathau C,Awono-Ambene P,Simard F,Razakandrainibe FG,Koella JC,Fontenille D,Renaud F

更新日期：2007-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:All immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors throughout phylogeny share regions of highly conserved amino acid sequence. To identify possible primitive immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin-like molecules, we utilized 3' RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) and a highly conserved constant region consensus amino acid seque...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berstein RM,Schluter SF,Shen S,Marchalonis JJ

更新日期：1996-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Combinatorial antibody libraries have the potential to display the entire immunological record of an individual, allowing one to detect and recover any antibody ever made, irrespective of whether it is currently being produced. We have termed this the "fossil record" of an individual's antibody response. To determine ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Felding-Habermann B,Lerner RA,Lillo A,Zhuang S,Weber MR,Arrues S,Gao C,Mao S,Saven A,Janda KD

更新日期：2004-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Most genetic regulatory mechanisms involve protein-DNA interactions. In these processes, the classical Watson-Crick DNA structure sometimes is distorted severely, which in turn enables the precise recognition of the specific sites by the protein. Despite its key importance, very little is known about such deformation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leger JF,Robert J,Bourdieu L,Chatenay D,Marko JF

更新日期：1998-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:I reject the Darwinian assumption that larvae and their adults evolved from a single common ancestor. Rather I posit that, in animals that metamorphose, the basic types of larvae originated as adults of different lineages, i.e., larvae were transferred when, through hybridization, their genomes were acquired by distan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Williamson DI

更新日期：2009-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The UV photodissociation kinetics of tryptophan amino acid, Trp, attached to the membrane of bacteria, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, have been studied by means of normal and synchronous fluorescence. Our experimental data suggest that the fluorescence intensity of Trp increases during the first minute of irr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li R,Dhankhar D,Chen J,Cesario TC,Rentzepis PM

更新日期：2019-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyploidy, the presence of more than two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism, has significantly shaped the genomes of angiosperms during evolution. Two forms of polyploidy are often considered: allopolyploidy, which originates from interspecies hybrids, and autopolyploidy, which originates from intraspecies g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu Z,Haberer G,Matthes M,Rattei T,Mayer KF,Gierl A,Torres-Ruiz RA

更新日期：2010-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Although aquaporin 5 (AQP5) is the major water channel expressed in alveolar type I cells in the lung, its actual role in the lung is a matter of considerable speculation. By using immunohistochemical staining, we show that AQP5 expression in mouse lung is not restricted to type I cells, but is also detected in alveol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krane CM,Fortner CN,Hand AR,McGraw DW,Lorenz JN,Wert SE,Towne JE,Paul RJ,Whitsett JA,Menon AG

更新日期：2001-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The DC and DX subregions of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) have been cloned from a cosmid library made from a human B-cell line, Priess. The DC subregion, 48 kilobases, includes the DC alpha and DC beta genes. A second DC-like region, the DX subregion, 35 kilobases, contains the DX alpha gene and a n...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okada K,Boss JM,Prentice H,Spies T,Mengler R,Auffray C,Lillie J,Grossberger D,Strominger JL

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various compounds that affect signal transduction regulate the relative utilization of alternative processing pathways for the beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta APP) in intact cells, increasing the production of nonamyloidogenic soluble beta APP (s beta APP) and decreasing that of amyloidogenic beta-amyloid peptide...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu H,Sweeney D,Greengard P,Gandy S

更新日期：1996-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Entropic effects have often been invoked to explain the extraordinary catalytic power of enzymes. In particular, the hypothesis that enzymes can use part of the substrate-binding free energy to reduce the entropic penalty associated with the subsequent chemical transformation has been very influential. The enzymatic r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kazemi M,Himo F,Åqvist J

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report establishes that increasing the activity of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A; PKA) potentiates glucocorticoid-mediated signaling in embryonic day 5.5 (E5.5) chicken retina. Expression of a glutamine synthetase-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) fusion gene is not induced by treatm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang H,Li YC,Young AP

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00