Abstract:
:Flagellin and several other external components of the bacterial flagellum are thought to be exported, not by the general N-terminal signal peptide-dependent pathway, but by a flagellum-specific pathway involving a central channel in the flagellum itself. We have constructed a variety of mutant alleles of the Escherichia coli flagellin gene. Mutant flagellins with large internal deletions or truncations of their C-terminal region could still be exported, even though they could not assemble into filament. The most extreme example was a fragment containing only the N-terminal 183 residues of the 497-residue wild-type flagellin. This result suggests that the N-terminal region of flagellin contains a signal that enables the protein to be recognized and exported by the flagellum-specific pathway.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Kuwajima G,Kawagishi I,Homma M,Asaka J,Kondo E,Macnab RMdoi
10.1073/pnas.86.13.4953subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-07-01 00:00:00pages
4953-7issue
13eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract::ADP ribosylation factor (ARF) is a small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein that regulates the binding of coat proteins to membranes and is required for several stages of vesicular transport. ARF also stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity, which can alter the lipid content of membranes by conversion of p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.11.4952
更新日期:1995-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::The role of DNA polymerase alpha (pol alpha) and DNA primase has been investigated in the simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication system in vitro. Removal of pol alpha and primase activities from crude extracts of HeLa cells or monkey cells by use of an anti-pol alpha immunoaffinity column resulted in the loss of repli...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.9.2869
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial adaptation to nutrient limitation and increased population densities is central to survival and virulence. Surprisingly, <3% of Escherichia coli genes are known to play roles specific to the stationary phase. There is evidence that the leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp) may play an important role in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.212510999
更新日期:2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Erythropoietin (Epo) is a glycoprotein factor that specifically regulates the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. Here we describe the isolation of Epo-responsive mouse erythroleukemia cell line SKT6, the characterization of the specific binding of biologically active 125I-labeled human Ep...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.12.4126
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector delivery of an Apaf-1-dominant negative inhibitor was tested for its antiapoptotic effect on degenerating nigrostriatal neurons in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of Parkinson's disease. The wild-type caspase recruitment domain of Apaf-1 was used as a dom...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.191107398
更新日期:2001-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::The exquisite NMR spectral sensitivity and negligible reactivity of hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HP(129)Xe) make it attractive for a number of magnetic resonance applications; moreover, HP(129)Xe embodies an alternative to rare and nonrenewable (3)He. However, the ability to reliably and inexpensively produce large quant...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1306586110
更新日期:2013-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::The cofactor composition and electron-transfer kinetics of the reaction center (RC) from a magnesium chelatase (bchD) mutant of Rhodobacter sphaeroides were characterized. In this RC, the special pair (P) and accessory (B) bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) -binding sites contain Zn-BChl rather than BChl a. Spectroscopic meas...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0812719106
更新日期:2009-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::The sigma-N (sigmaN) subunit of the bacterial RNA polymerase is a sequence specific DNA-binding protein. The RNA polymerase holoenzyme formed with sigmaN binds to promoters in an inactive form and only initiates transcription when activated by enhancer-binding positive control proteins. We now provide evidence to show...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.10.5006
更新日期:1997-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term, localized delivery of small molecules from a biodegradable thin film is challenging owing to their low molecular weight and poor charge density. Accomplishing highly extended controlled release can facilitate high therapeutic levels in specific regions of the body while significantly reducing the toxicity t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1323829111
更新日期:2014-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::The MHC class I antigen presentation pathway allows the immune system to distinguish between self and nonself. Despite extensive research on the processing of antigenic peptides, little is known about their origin. Here, we show that mRNAs carrying premature stop codons that prevent the production of full-length prote...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1104104108
更新日期:2011-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of specific gangliosides to function as host cell receptors for Sendai virus was investigated by using Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells which become resistant to infection upon treatment with Vibrio cholerae sialidase. Sialidase-treated cells were incubated for 20 min at 37 degrees C with individual, highly...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.9.5406
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcriptional network evolution is central to the development of complex biological systems. Networks can evolve through variation of master regulators and/or by changes in regulation of genes within networks. To gain insight into meaningful evolutionary differences in large networks, it is essential to address the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0704694105
更新日期:2008-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::The evolution of insect resistance to pesticides poses a continuing threat to agriculture and human health. While much is known about the proximate molecular and biochemical mechanisms that confer resistance, far less is known about the regulation of the specific genes/gene families involved, particularly by trans-act...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1913603117
更新日期:2020-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Real-time visualization of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) changes in mammalian Purkinje cells in vitro, utilizing the dye Fura-2, indicates that calcium action potentials are generated in the dendritic tree and follow a particular activation sequence. During spontaneous oscillations or after direct curr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.13.5084
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathologic ocular angiogenesis is a leading cause of blindness, influenced by both dysregulated lipid metabolism and inflammation. Retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) is a lipid-sensing nuclear receptor with diverse biologic function including regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammation; ho...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1504387112
更新日期:2015-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::We recently showed that the mammalian genome encodes >1,000 large intergenic noncoding (linc)RNAs that are clearly conserved across mammals and, thus, functional. Gene expression patterns have implicated these lincRNAs in diverse biological processes, including cell-cycle regulation, immune surveillance, and embryonic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0904715106
更新日期:2009-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Spin-polarized charge currents induce magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) switching by virtue of spin-transfer torque (STT). Recently, by taking advantage of the spin-dependent thermoelectric properties of magnetic materials, novel means of generating spin currents from temperature gradients, and their associated thermal-s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1507084112
更新日期:2015-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Transient cytosolic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](cyt)) elevations are early events in plant signaling pathways including those related to abiotic stress. The restoration of [Ca(2+)](cyt) to prestimulus levels involves ATP-driven Ca(2+) pumps, but direct evidence for an essential role of a plant Ca(2+)-ATPase in abiotic stress ada...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0800864105
更新日期:2008-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::The insulin signaling pathway is of pivotal importance in metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, and in cellular processes, such as aging. Insulin activates a tyrosine phosphorylation cascade that branches to create a complex network affecting multiple biological processes. To understand the full spectrum of the tyrosi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0711713105
更新日期:2008-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::T4 polynucleotide ligase efficiently catalyzes the head-to-tail joining of the ribo-oligoadenylates, r-(pA)(8) and r-(pA)(10), in the presence of high molecular weight deoxypolythymidylate. The enzyme also catalyzes the joining of deoxy-oligothymidylates, e.g., d-(pT)(10), in the presence of ribopolyadenylate. The enz...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.67.1.68
更新日期:1970-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a physical and molecular genetic characterization of Drosophila melanogaster TFIIE (dTFIIE), a component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription apparatus. We have purified dTFIIE to near homogeneity from nuclear extracts of Drosophila embryos and found that it is composed of two subunits with apparent...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.2.433
更新日期:1997-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::Differential scanning microcalorimetry provides a noninvasive method for studying heat evolution in living cells. We used this technique to measure the heat evolved by thioglycollate broth-elicited mouse macrophages, and the effects of NaF, KCN, cycloheximide, and cytochalasins B and D on this parameter. The total hea...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.10.5958
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Earlier work has shown that mitochondrial proteins synthesized in the cytosol are initially made as larger precursors which are then transferred into the organelles and processed to their mature size in the absence of protein synthesis. It is now demonstrated that depletion of the mitochondrial matrix ATP in intact ye...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.9.4365
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poliovirus RNA polymerase requires a host factor to initiate RNA synthesis in vitro. The host factor was previously purified to near homogeneity from HeLa cells but was not assigned an enzymatic activity. This report describes the purification of a terminal uridylyltransferase that can act as host factor. By all crite...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.2.221
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The p53 protein is an attractive target for immunotherapy, because mutations in the p53 gene are the most common genetic alterations found in human tumors. These mutations result in high levels of p53 protein in the tumor cell, whereas the expression level of wild-type p53 in nonmalignant tissue is usually much lower....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.4781
更新日期:1996-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Dead and dying cells release nucleic acids. These extracellular RNAs and DNAs can be taken up by inflammatory cells and activate multiple nucleic acid-sensing toll-like receptors (TLR3, 7, 8, and 9). The inappropriate activation of these TLRs can engender a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The redundan...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1105777108
更新日期:2011-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::Although the occurrence of epistasis and pleiotropy is widely accepted at the molecular level, its effect on the adaptive value of fitness-related genes is rarely investigated in plants. Knowledge of these features of a gene is critical to understand the molecular basis of adaptive evolution. Here we investigate the i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0708209104
更新日期:2007-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR (RGF) 1 is an important peptide hormone that regulates root growth. Upon binding to its receptor, RGFR1, RGF1 regulates the expression of two transcription factors, PLETHORA 1 and 2 (PLT1/2), to influence root meristem development. Here, we show that the ubiquitin-specific proteases UBP12 a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1714177115
更新日期:2018-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::A line of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice expressing the human diabetes-associated HLA-DQ8 transgene in the absence of mouse IAbeta failed to show spontaneous insulitis or diabetes, but rather developed dilated cardiomyopathy, leading to early death from heart failure. Pathology in these animals results from an organ- an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2235552100
更新日期:2003-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental exclusion of the Andean flamingo (Phoenicoparrus andinus) from shallow water areas of a salt lake in the Bolivian Andes caused large increases in the biomass of microorganisms inhabiting the surface sediments, especially a large diatom (Surirella wetzeli), amebas, ciliates, and nematodes. This is a conser...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.15.4766
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00