Abstract:
:The study of neural arousal mechanisms has been greatly aided by the discovery of the orexin peptides (orexin A and orexin B), the subsequent identification of the neurons that synthesize these peptides, their projections in the brain, and the distribution of orexin receptors in the central nervous system. Orexin neuron activation is partly controlled by circadian signals generated in the brain's main circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). The SCN clock is in turn reset by arousal-promoting stimuli and, intriguingly, orexin fibers and receptor expression are detected in the SCN region. It is unclear, however, if orexin can alter SCN neuronal activity. Here using a coronal brain slice preparation, we found that orexin A and orexin B (0.1-1 microM) elicited significant changes in the extracellularly recorded firing rate and firing pattern in approximately 80% of rat SCN cells tested; the most common response was suppression of firing rate. Co-application of orexin A with a cocktail of ionotropic GABA and glutamate receptor antagonists did not alter the actions of this peptide on firing rate, but did change some its effects on firing pattern. We conclude that orexins can alter SCN neurophysiology and may influence the transmission of information through the SCN to other CNS regions.
journal_name
Neurosci Lettjournal_title
Neuroscience lettersauthors
Brown TM,Coogan AN,Cutler DJ,Hughes AT,Piggins HDdoi
10.1016/j.neulet.2008.10.058subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-31 00:00:00pages
273-8issue
3eissn
0304-3940issn
1872-7972pii
S0304-3940(08)01459-6journal_volume
448pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Antidepressive medication and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) increase hippocampal neurogenesis by promoting expression of trophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aims were to test for an association between the VEGF 2578 C/A polymorphism a...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2010.04.039
更新日期:2010-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Dual innervation, two morphologically distinct axons ending on the same endplate of white muscle, has been observed in some 'primitive' fish but not 'higher' teleosts. A representative of the order Bachtrachoidiformes, Opsanus tao, was examined using histological sectioning and silver impregnation to determine the inn...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(90)90080-s
更新日期:1990-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to assess corticospinal excitability of the biceps brachii in the non-dominant arm of chronic resistance-trained (RT) and non-RT individuals. Seven chronic-RT and six non-RT male participants performed 4 sets of 5s pseudo-randomized contractions of the non-dominant elbow flexors at 25, 50,...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2014.11.009
更新日期:2015-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Cholecystokinin (CCK) and leptin act coordinately in the brain to regulate food intake and energy balance. Recently we have reported that CCK enhances the permeability of brain barriers to leptin and we have proposed that CCK enhances energy expenditure in rats by activating in the hypothalamus the janus kinase/signal...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.07.009
更新日期:2008-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the effect of wnt-3a on motor nerve function and its specific molecular mechanisms after spinal cord injury (SCI). This study demonstrates that the downregulated expression levels of caspases-3, caspases-9 and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) proteins and number of proportion of transferas...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135305
更新日期:2020-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mental simulation of movements has been widely used to infer about representational aspects of action. On a daily basis, motor planning and execution depends crucially both upon vision and kinesthesia. What if the former is lost? In this study we investigate the physiological changes induced during a mental simulation...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2006.02.042
更新日期:2006-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum albumin ratio has been used a marker for blood CSF barrier permeability in 116 normal patients. We attempted to correlate the CSF/serum albumin ratio with a number of clinically measurable parameters including alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption had a significant effect on the ...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(87)90700-2
更新日期:1987-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbit retinal Müller cells were isolated by means of papaine and mechanical dissociation. These cells were shown to have a well preserved morphology and to preserve viability for many hours. Intense wheat germ agglutinin binding occurs on the photoreceptor side of Müller cells, especially in the microvillous region. ...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(85)90307-6
更新日期:1985-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Inattention and impulsivity are the two most important indices for evaluations of ADHD. Currently, inattention and impulsivity were evaluated by clinical scales. The intelligent evaluation of the two indices using machine learning remains largely unexplored. This paper aimed to build regression modes for inattention a...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134874
更新日期:2020-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::We have compared changes in mRNA of three genes, zif268, raf B, and syntaxin 1 B, following the unilateral induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in rats previously trained in a water maze, and in behaviourally naive animals. mRNA of all three genes was enhanced in the potentiated dentate gyrus of naive animals 3 h...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00476-5
更新日期:1998-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Expression by rat motoneurons of mRNAs for the alpha subunit of the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFR alpha), receptor tyrosine kinase-C (trkC), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and galanin was studied by in situ hybridisation, 6d after rat facial nerve transection on postnatal day 1. Similar numbers o...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(96)13124-4
更新日期:1996-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::The muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine significantly increased the number of errors in the working memory task with a three-panel runway setup, when injected bilaterally at 3.2 micrograms/side into the dorsal hippocampus. The increase in working memory errors induced by intrahippocampal 3.2 micrograms/side sco...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(96)13057-3
更新日期:1996-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::We have prepared dissociated cell cultures from adult rat optic nerve. After 48 h in culture cells of both fibroblastic and process-bearing morphology could be recognised. Using indirect immunofluroescence and cell-type specific markers it was possible to unambiguously identify astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in cultu...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(80)90002-6
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of mRNA coding for a pituitary thyrotropin releasing-hormone (TRH) receptor was examined on sections of spinal cord and lower brainstem of rat using in situ hybridization. Hybridization signals were observed over large neurons in the ventral horn in cervical, thoracic, and lumbar segments of spinal co...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(92)90359-f
更新日期:1992-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Social psychological studies have shown that an experience of threat such as an encounter with death-related stimuli and social exclusion results in tuning toward positive emotional information. Neuroimaging studies have also begun to uncover the neural basis of threat coping, and in this literature, the activity of t...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2013.07.027
更新日期:2013-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::In order to study the rapidity of interaction between tetraethylammonium (TEA) and the delayed K+ channel of the mammalian brain neuron, TEA was applied to isolated rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons in a time-controlled sequence with a voltage step using a concentration clamp technique. TEA at a concentration of 30 mM...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(91)90601-o
更新日期:1991-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Lowering of the pH of the superfusion solution (physiological phosphate buffers derived from normal Krebs solution) of mucosa-free muscle strips of the guinea-pig urinary bladder from 7.4 to 6 or 5, produced a marked increase of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) outflow (total evoked rele...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(90)90435-c
更新日期:1990-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined what changes occur in upper-limb bilateral coordination during clapping as the movement frequency requirements were increased to the maximum. Subjects were required to begin the clapping action at approximately 1Hz and gradually increase the movement speed until their maximal frequency was achieved...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.036
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) metabolism in NIH:N mouse cerebral cortex and spinal cord was studied with high pressure liquid chromatography. Degradation of added TRH was significantly (P less than 0.001) slower in the spinal cord (2.19 +/- 0.46%/min) than in the cerebral cortex (7.54 +/- 0.31%/min). Bacitracin,...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(86)90560-4
更新日期:1986-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Advanced aging is accompanied by a decline in visuospatial attention. Previous neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies have demonstrated dysfunction in specific brain areas related to visuospatial attention. However, it is still unclear how the functional connectivity between brain regions causes the decline of ...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.047
更新日期:2015-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::gamma-Interferon (IFN-gamma) is known to induce expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens on murine astrocytes and MHC class I antigens on murine oligodendrocytes. We studied whether the human IFN-gamma could induce the expression of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-A, B, C and -DR antigens o...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(86)90543-4
更新日期:1986-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the present study was to determine differences in neural networks between expert and novice archers during an archery pre-performance routine period (PPR). The experiment was conducted with eight world-class competitor or Olympic medalist archers and eight novices. In the experiment, the task was to s...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.09.018
更新日期:2008-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Reduction of non-protein-bound iron (NPBI) using iron chelators may attenuate hypoxia-ischemia-induced reperfusion injury of the brain. This study investigated whether administration of low-dose deferoxamine and allopurinol, both having NPBI-chelating properties, reduced hypoxia-ischemia-induced NPBI formation in plas...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(98)00303-6
更新日期:1998-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated exposure to dizocilpine (MK-801) can be used as a model of schizophrenia that incorporates disease progression. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) has been widely used to investigate schizophrenia-related alterations in glutamate (Glu). The purpose of this study was to investigate metabolic alter...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2016.11.053
更新日期:2017-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to measure the average anterior commissure (AC) volume of normal subjects in their 20s or 40s and to determine the effects of gender and age on AC volume. Magnetic resonance brain images were obtained for 93 people in their 20s (46 men, 47 women) and 87 in their 40s (36 men, 51 women). To...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2011.06.010
更新日期:2011-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Post-stroke 'pushing' behaviour appears to be caused by impaired perception of vertical in the roll plane. While pushing behaviour typically resolves with stroke recovery, it is not known if misperception of vertical persists. The purpose of this study was to determine if perception of vertical is impaired amongst str...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.02.007
更新日期:2015-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::It is known that 5HTR2A (rs6311) receptors have high concentration in the cortical layer-5 pyramidal neurons and that these receptors play an important role in the modulation of neurocognitive functions. For example, layer-5 pyramidal neurons mediate cellular level integrative interaction of primary sensory afferent s...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2014.10.015
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The learned helplessness (LH) developed after repeat inescapable stress is a well validated animal model of human major depression and is not species specific. c-Fos, the protein product of the protooncogene c-fos, is expressed in neurons under a variety of stressors and could reflect the regional neuronal activation....
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.04.011
更新日期:2004-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::In homogenates of rat hippocampus and striatum, but not substantia nigra, somatostatin (SRIF) inhibits forskolin-activated adenylate cyclase in nanomolar concentrations. However, SRIF can also stimulate adenylate cyclase in micromolar concentrations in homogenates of rat hippocampus and substantia nigra. The SRIF octa...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(89)90321-2
更新日期:1989-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The beta-carbolines, methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM) and 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (DMCM) are known to have pharmacological properties opposite to those of agonistic benzodiazepines. Convulsions induced by these drugs lead to differential patterns, such as clonus, myoclonic or t...
journal_title:Neuroscience letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3940(91)90060-7
更新日期:1991-11-25 00:00:00