Genes encoding ligands for deletion of V beta 11 T cells cosegregate with mammary tumour virus genomes.

abstract：:An alphabeta T-cell response depends on the recognition of antigen plus major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins by its antigen receptor (TCR). The ability of peripheral alphabeta T cells to recognize MHC is at least partly determined by MHC-dependent thymic selection, by which an immature T cell survives only ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scott-Browne JP,White J,Kappler JW,Gapin L,Marrack P

更新日期：2009-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Wrists, ankles and digits distinguish tetrapod limbs from fins, but direct evidence on the origin of these features has been unavailable. Here we describe the pectoral appendage of a member of the sister group of tetrapods, Tiktaalik roseae, which is morphologically and functionally transitional between a fin and a li...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shubin NH,Daeschler EB,Jenkins FA Jr

更新日期：2006-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Interactions of CD4 with the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are crucial during thymic ontogeny and subsequently for helper and cytotoxic functions of CD4+CD8- T lymphocytes. CD4 is the receptor for the T-lymphotropic human immunodeficiency virus and binds its envelope glycoprotein, gp120. The residues...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Clayton LK,Sieh M,Pious DA,Reinherz EL

更新日期：1989-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Individuals with congenital or acquired prolongation of the QT interval, or long QT syndrome (LQTS), are at risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia. LQTS is commonly genetic in origin but can also be caused or exacerbated by environmental factors. A missense mutation in the L-type calcium channel Ca(V)1.2 lead...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yazawa M,Hsueh B,Jia X,Pasca AM,Bernstein JA,Hallmayer J,Dolmetsch RE

更新日期：2011-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Approximately 2% of colorectal cancer is linked to pre-existing inflammation known as colitis-associated cancer, but most develops in patients without underlying inflammatory bowel disease. Colorectal cancer often follows a genetic pathway whereby loss of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumour suppressor and acti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Grivennikov SI,Wang K,Mucida D,Stewart CA,Schnabl B,Jauch D,Taniguchi K,Yu GY,Osterreicher CH,Hung KE,Datz C,Feng Y,Fearon ER,Oukka M,Tessarollo L,Coppola V,Yarovinsky F,Cheroutre H,Eckmann L,Trinchieri G,Karin M

更新日期：2012-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of the TOR signalling pathway by genetic or pharmacological intervention extends lifespan in invertebrates, including yeast, nematodes and fruitflies; however, whether inhibition of mTOR signalling can extend lifespan in a mammalian species was unknown. Here we report that rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mTO...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Harrison DE,Strong R,Sharp ZD,Nelson JF,Astle CM,Flurkey K,Nadon NL,Wilkinson JE,Frenkel K,Carter CS,Pahor M,Javors MA,Fernandez E,Miller RA

更新日期：2009-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages are pivotal constituents of the innate immune system, vital for recognition and elimination of microbial pathogens. Macrophages use Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns--including bacterial cell wall components, such as lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid, and vir...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hsu LC,Park JM,Zhang K,Luo JL,Maeda S,Kaufman RJ,Eckmann L,Guiney DG,Karin M

更新日期：2004-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Dynamic access to genetic information is central to organismal development and environmental response. Consequently, genomic processes must be regulated by mechanisms that alter genome function relatively rapidly. Conventional chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments measure transcription factor occupancy, but...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lickwar CR,Mueller F,Hanlon SE,McNally JG,Lieb JD

更新日期：2012-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA repair by homologous recombination is highly suppressed in G1 cells to ensure that mitotic recombination occurs solely between sister chromatids. Although many homologous recombination factors are cell-cycle regulated, the identity of the events that are both necessary and sufficient to suppress recombination in G...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Orthwein A,Noordermeer SM,Wilson MD,Landry S,Enchev RI,Sherker A,Munro M,Pinder J,Salsman J,Dellaire G,Xia B,Peter M,Durocher D

更新日期：2015-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The multi-disciplinary role of intermediate energy proton accelerators in pure and applied nuclear physics is discussed with particular reference to the experimental programmes at LAMPF (Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility) and SIN (Swiss Institute for Nuclear Research, Zurich). ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Davies JD,Batty CJ,Green K

更新日期：1977-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanisms of exon definition and back-splicing are fundamental unanswered questions in pre-mRNA splicing. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of the yeast spliceosomal E complex assembled on introns, providing a view of the earliest event in the splicing cycle that commits pre-mRNAs to sp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li X,Liu S,Zhang L,Issaian A,Hill RC,Espinosa S,Shi S,Cui Y,Kappel K,Das R,Hansen KC,Zhou ZH,Zhao R

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in stem-cell technology are now allowing the mechanisms of human disease to be studied in human cells. A new era for regenerative medicine is arising from such disease models, extending beyond early cell-based therapies and towards evaluating genetic variation in humans and identifying the molecular pa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chien KR

更新日期：2008-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycorrhizae, the symbiotic associations of plant roots and fungal hyphae, are classic examples of mutualisms. In these ecologically important associations, the fungi derive photosynthetic sugars from their plant hosts, which in turn benefit from fungus-mediated uptake of mineral nutrients. Early views on the evolution...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hibbett DS,Gilbert LB,Donoghue MJ

更新日期：2000-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Enhancers are cis-acting control elements which can stimulate at a distance the activity of a variety of eukaryotic promoters. First identified as a repeated 72 base pair (bp) sequence upstream of the simian virus 40 (SV40) early gene promoter, enhancers have since been shown to be associated with numerous other viral...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Herr W,Gluzman Y

更新日期：1985-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:All living organisms use ion channels to regulate the transport of ions across cellular membranes. Certain ion channels are classed as voltage-dependent because they have a voltage-sensing structure that induces their pores to open in response to changes in the cell membrane voltage. Until recently, the voltage-depend...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ruta V,Jiang Y,Lee A,Chen J,MacKinnon R

更新日期：2003-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcriptional underpinnings of brain development remain poorly understood, particularly in humans and closely related non-human primates. We describe a high-resolution transcriptional atlas of rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) brain development that combines dense temporal sampling of prenatal and postnatal periods...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bakken TE,Miller JA,Ding SL,Sunkin SM,Smith KA,Ng L,Szafer A,Dalley RA,Royall JJ,Lemon T,Shapouri S,Aiona K,Arnold J,Bennett JL,Bertagnolli D,Bickley K,Boe A,Brouner K,Butler S,Byrnes E,Caldejon S,Carey A,Cate

更新日期：2016-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In this Letter, errors in Supplementary Table 1 have been corrected. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Song XP,Hansen MC,Stehman SV,Potapov PV,Tyukavina A,Vermote EF,Townshend JR

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The response of tropical cyclone activity to global warming is widely debated. It is often assumed that warmer sea surface temperatures provide a more favourable environment for the development and intensification of tropical cyclones, but cyclone genesis and intensity are also affected by the vertical thermodynamic p...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vecchi GA,Soden BJ

更新日期：2007-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic transmission is maintained by a delicate, sub-synaptic molecular architecture, and even mild alterations in synapse structure drive functional changes during experience-dependent plasticity and pathological disorders. Key to this architecture is how the distribution of presynaptic vesicle fusion sites corresp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tang AH,Chen H,Li TP,Metzbower SR,MacGillavry HD,Blanpied TA

更新日期：2016-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-propagating beta-sheet-rich protein aggregates are implicated in a wide range of protein-misfolding phenomena, including amyloid diseases and prion-based inheritance. Two properties have emerged as common features of amyloids. Amyloid formation is ubiquitous: many unrelated proteins form such aggregates and even ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chien P,DePace AH,Collins SR,Weissman JS

更新日期：2003-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the nuclear properties of the late actinides (plutonium, americium and curium) are fully understood and widely applied to energy generation, their solid-state properties do not fit within standard models and are the subject of active research. Plutonium displays phases with enormous volume differences, and bo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shim JH,Haule K,Kotliar G

更新日期：2007-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the regeneration of nervous tissue in the vertebrate is very limited, there are a few remarkable examples of this process. Understanding the factors that regulate CNS regeneration in those areas of the nervous system where it occurs, will doubtless provide generally applicable, essential information about the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reh TA,Nagy T,Gretton H

更新日期：1987-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) by chromosomal translocations or point mutations is a frequent event in haematological malignancies. JAK2 is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates several cellular processes by inducing cytoplasmic signalling cascades. Here we show that human JAK2 is present in the nucleus o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dawson MA,Bannister AJ,Göttgens B,Foster SD,Bartke T,Green AR,Kouzarides T

更新日期：2009-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The beta, gamma-crystallins form a class of homologous proteins in the eye lens. Each gamma-crystallin comprises four topologically equivalent, Greek key motifs; pairs of motifs are organized around a local dyad to give domains and two similar domains are in turn related by a further local dyad. Sequence comparisons a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bax B,Lapatto R,Nalini V,Driessen H,Lindley PF,Mahadevan D,Blundell TL,Slingsby C

更新日期：1990-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Close inbreeding is known for a variety of small mammal species for which a high probability of mortality during dispersal makes helping and delayed maturation a relatively secure fitness option. Prolonged inbreeding, however, is usually associated with lowered fitness, and it has been shown that most highly inbred sm...

journal_title：Nature

authors： O'Riain MJ,Jarvis JU,Faulkes CG

更新日期：1996-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Coherent light sources can be used to manipulate the outcome of light-matter interactions by exploiting interference phenomena in the time and frequency domain. A powerful tool in this emerging field of 'quantum control' is the adaptive shaping of femtosecond laser pulses, resulting, for instance, in selective molecul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brixner T,Damrauer NH,Niklaus P,Gerber G

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Tasmanian devil, a large carnivorous Australian marsupial, is under threat from a widespread fatal disease in which a malignant oral-facial tumour obstructs the animal's ability to feed. Here we show that the chromosomes in these tumours have undergone a complex rearrangement that is identical for every animal stu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pearse AM,Swift K

更新日期：2006-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusion of myeloma cells and B lymphocytes to form hybridomas which produce monoclonal antibodies has been a major advance, but the poor efficiency and randomness of viral or polyethylene glycol fusion techniques generally gives poor yields of specific, high affinity antibodies. High voltage electrical fields with diel...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lo MM,Tsong TY,Conrad MK,Strittmatter SM,Hester LD,Snyder SH

更新日期：1984-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:B-RAF is the most frequently mutated protein kinase in human cancers. The finding that oncogenic mutations in BRAF are common in melanoma, followed by the demonstration that these tumours are dependent on the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, offered hope that inhibition of B-RAF kinase activity could benefit melanoma patients. He...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bollag G,Hirth P,Tsai J,Zhang J,Ibrahim PN,Cho H,Spevak W,Zhang C,Zhang Y,Habets G,Burton EA,Wong B,Tsang G,West BL,Powell B,Shellooe R,Marimuthu A,Nguyen H,Zhang KY,Artis DR,Schlessinger J,Su F,Higgins B,Iy

更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolution of the earliest mammals shows successive episodes of diversification. Lineage-splitting in Mesozoic mammals is coupled with many independent evolutionary experiments and ecological specializations. Classic scenarios of mammalian morphological evolution tend to posit an orderly acquisition of key evolutionary...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Luo ZX

更新日期：2007-12-13 00:00:00