Abstract:
:Porphyromonas gingivalis dihydroceramides are found in extracts of calculus-contaminated root surfaces, diseased gingival tissue, and atherosclerotic plaques. These ceramides have been shown to promote inflammatory secretory responses in gingival fibroblasts. Little is known about their effects on the vascular system. We tested the hypothesis that P. gingivalis lipids induce apoptosis of human endothelial cells, and investigated the effects of extracted and purified P. gingivalis lipids on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. P. gingivalis phosphoglycerol dihydroceramides induced apoptosis, but not necrosis, in endothelial cells. Early apoptotic cells showed exposure of phosphatidylserine on the cell surface, followed by the cleavage of procaspases 3, 6, and 9. The release of apoptosis-inducing factor was increased, suggesting mitochondrial involvement. Different caspase inhibitors and cAMP elevation blocked DNA fragmentation. Moreover, N-acetylcysteine significantly reduced apoptosis, suggesting a role for reactive oxygen species in this process. Analysis of these data indicates that dihydroceramides may be important virulence factors of P. gingivalis.
journal_name
J Dent Resjournal_title
Journal of dental researchauthors
Zahlten J,Riep B,Nichols FC,Walter C,Schmeck B,Bernimoulin JP,Hippenstiel Sdoi
10.1177/154405910708600710subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-01 00:00:00pages
635-40issue
7eissn
0022-0345issn
1544-0591pii
86/7/635journal_volume
86pub_type
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