Bacteriophage N4 virion RNA polymerase interaction with its promoter DNA hairpin.

abstract：:Bacterial mutants have been isolated, called groN, that block phage development by interference with the action of the product of the phage N gene. lambdatrp phages, which depend on the N product for the synthesis of tryptophan enzymes, do not make these enzymes in groN bacteria. Two type of phage mutants have been is...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Georgopoulos CP

更新日期：1971-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by impaired cognitive function and the deposition of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular tangles. Although the proximal cause of AD is not well understood, it is clear that amyloid-beta (Abeta) plays a critical role in AD pathology. Rece...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Massaad CA,Washington TM,Pautler RG,Klann E

更新日期：2009-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial TATAAT -10 region sequence was the first promoter element to be identified, but how it functions is still not clear. Because the duplex element is melted during initiation, the effects of substitutions were studied in both single-and double-strand contexts. Band-shift results were particularly unexpected...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fenton MS,Gralla JD

更新日期：2001-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleotide excision repair (NER) prevents skin cancer by eliminating highly genotoxic cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) induced in DNA by the UVB component of sunlight. NER consists of two distinct but overlapping subpathways, i.e., global NER, which removes CPD from the genome overall, and transcription-coupled NE...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mathonnet G,Leger C,Desnoyers J,Drouin R,Therrien JP,Drobetsky EA

更新日期：2003-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A sensitive in vitro crosslinking technique using a photoactive derivative of the chimeric activator LexA-E2F-1 was used to identify yeast proteins that might influence the response of RNA polymerase II to transcriptional activators. We found that a novel yeast protein, Xtc1p, could be covalently crosslinked to the ac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Emili A,Kobayashi R,Ingles CJ

更新日期：1998-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive decline, has emerged as a disease of synaptic failure. The present study reveals an unanticipated role of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A4 (EphA4) in mediating hippocampal synaptic dysfunctions in AD and demonstrates that blockade of the ligand-binding dom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu AK,Hung KW,Huang H,Gu S,Shen Y,Cheng EY,Ip FC,Huang X,Fu WY,Ip NY

更新日期：2014-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Homozygous uniparental mouse embryos, produced by microsurgical removal of the male pronucleus from fertilized eggs and diploidization of the female pronucleus with cytochalasin, were surrounded with blastomeres from normal embryos to produce chimeric embryos. A few of these chimeras developed into viable adults, and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anderegg C,Markert CL

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown that a scanning transmission electron microscope with a high brightness field emission source is capable of obtaining better than 3 A resolution using 30 to 40 keV electrons. Elastic dark field images of single atoms of uranium and mercury are shown which demonstrate this fact as determined by a modified...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wall J,Langmore J,Isaacson M,Crewe AV

更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During mitochondrial ATP synthesis, F1-ATPase-the portion of the ATP synthase that contains the catalytic and regulatory nucleotide binding sites-undergoes a series of concerted conformational changes that couple proton translocation to the synthesis of the high levels of ATP required for cellular function. In the str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bianchet MA,Hullihen J,Pedersen PL,Amzel LM

更新日期：1998-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The rpoN gene encoding the transcription factor sigma54 in Myxococcus xanthus has been cloned using a heterologous rpoN probe. The sequence of the cross-hybridizing DNA confirmed the existence of an ORF 1518 bp long that encodes a well conserved member of the sigma54 family of sigma factors. Low- as well as high-strin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keseler IM,Kaiser D

更新日期：1997-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we defined the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARdelta) in metabolic homeostasis by using subtype selective agonists. Analysis of rat L6 myotubes treated with the PPARdelta subtype-selective agonist, GW501516, by the Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays revealed that P...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tanaka T,Yamamoto J,Iwasaki S,Asaba H,Hamura H,Ikeda Y,Watanabe M,Magoori K,Ioka RX,Tachibana K,Watanabe Y,Uchiyama Y,Sumi K,Iguchi H,Ito S,Doi T,Hamakubo T,Naito M,Auwerx J,Yanagisawa M,Kodama T,Sakai J

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The impacts of global climate change on different aspects of humanity's diverse life-support systems are complex and often difficult to predict. To facilitate policy decisions on mitigation and adaptation strategies, it is necessary to understand, quantify, and synthesize these climate-change impacts, taking into acco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Piontek F,Müller C,Pugh TA,Clark DB,Deryng D,Elliott J,Colón González Fde J,Flörke M,Folberth C,Franssen W,Frieler K,Friend AD,Gosling SN,Hemming D,Khabarov N,Kim H,Lomas MR,Masaki Y,Mengel M,Morse A,Neumann K,N

更新日期：2014-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Coastal hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤ 2 mg/L) is a growing problem worldwide that threatens marine ecosystem services, but little is known about economic effects on fisheries. Here, we provide evidence that hypoxia causes economic impacts on a major fishery. Ecological studies of hypoxia and marine fauna suggest multipl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith MD,Oglend A,Kirkpatrick AJ,Asche F,Bennear LS,Craig JK,Nance JM

更新日期：2017-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of promoter chromatin determines the ability of transcription factors (TFs) to bind to DNA and therefore has a profound effect on the expression levels of genes. However, the role of spontaneous nucleosome movements in this process is not fully understood. Here, we developed a single-molecule optical twe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rudnizky S,Khamis H,Malik O,Melamed P,Kaplan A

更新日期：2019-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Microorganisms must sense their environment and rapidly tune their metabolism to ambient conditions to efficiently use available resources. We have identified a gene encoding a response regulator, NblR, that complements a cyanobacterial mutant unable to degrade its light-harvesting complex (phycobilisome), in response...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schwarz R,Grossman AR

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fragile X syndrome, the most frequent form of hereditary mental retardation, is due to a mutation of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene on the X chromosome. Like fragile X patients, FMR1-knockout (FMR1-KO) mice lack the normal fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and show both cognitive alterations ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Restivo L,Ferrari F,Passino E,Sgobio C,Bock J,Oostra BA,Bagni C,Ammassari-Teule M

更新日期：2005-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine the role of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) in metastasis, we generated human-in-mouse breast cancer orthotopic models using patient tumor specimens, labeled with optical reporter fusion genes. These models recapitulate human cancer features not captured with previous models, including spontaneous metastas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu H,Patel MR,Prescher JA,Patsialou A,Qian D,Lin J,Wen S,Chang YF,Bachmann MH,Shimono Y,Dalerba P,Adorno M,Lobo N,Bueno J,Dirbas FM,Goswami S,Somlo G,Condeelis J,Contag CH,Gambhir SS,Clarke MF

更新日期：2010-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII is a lysosomal storage disorder resulting from inherited deficiency of beta-glucuronidase (GUS). Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII is characterized by glycosaminoglycan storage in most tissues, including brain. In these disorders, enzyme delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Urayama A,Grubb JH,Sly WS,Banks WA

更新日期：2004-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic mutation and neoplastic transformation of diploid Syrian hamster embryo cells were examined concomitantly. Mutations induced by benzo[a]pyrene and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine were quantitated at the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase loci and compared to phenotypic transforma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barrett JC,Ts'o PO

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Under conditions (0.2% CO2; 1% O2) that allow high rates of photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence was measured simultaneously with carbon assimilation at various light intensities in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaves. Using a stoichiometry of 3 ATP/CO2 and the known relationship between ATP synthesis rate and driv...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schönknecht G,Neimanis S,Katona E,Gerst U,Heber U

更新日期：1995-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The catalytic cysteine of the typical 2-Cys Prx subfamily of peroxiredoxins is occasionally hyperoxidized to cysteine sulfinic acid during the peroxidase catalytic cycle. Sulfinic Prx (Prx-SO2H) is reduced back to the active form of the enzyme by sulfiredoxin. The abundance of Prx-SO2H was recently shown to oscillate ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cho CS,Yoon HJ,Kim JY,Woo HA,Rhee SG

更新日期：2014-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies to electrolectin, a lectin endogenous to embryonic skeletal muscle, have been used to study the distribution of electrolectin during myogenesis in L6 cells and rat primary muscle cultures. Antibody binding is highest to mononucleated cells and is low to myotubes in both systems. Binding is much lower to fib...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Podleski TR,Greenberg I

更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diatoms are usually the major component of the algal flora in many streams, although green and blue-green algae may be present. These experiments were designed to determine if high temperature or a shift in the chemical composition of the water might bring about a dominance of blue-green algae and/or green algae rathe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Patrick R,Crum B,Coles J

更新日期：1969-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We analyze the effects of an externally applied electric field on thermal fluctuations for a binary electrolyte fluid. We show that the fluctuating Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations for charged multispecies diffusion coupled with the fluctuating fluid momentum equation result in enhanced charge transport via a mec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Péraud JP,Nonaka AJ,Bell JB,Donev A,Garcia AL

更新日期：2017-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an important cause of acute renal failure in children. Mutations in one or more genes encoding complement-regulatory proteins have been reported in approximately one-third of nondiarrheal, atypical HUS (aHUS) patients, suggesting a defect in the protection of cell surfaces against co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goicoechea de Jorge E,Harris CL,Esparza-Gordillo J,Carreras L,Arranz EA,Garrido CA,López-Trascasa M,Sánchez-Corral P,Morgan BP,Rodríguez de Córdoba S

更新日期：2007-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Cities are concentrated areas of CO2 emissions and have become the foci of policies for mitigation actions. However, atmospheric measurement networks suitable for evaluating urban emissions over time are scarce. Here we present a unique long-term (decadal) record of CO2 mole fractions from five sites across Utah's met...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitchell LE,Lin JC,Bowling DR,Pataki DE,Strong C,Schauer AJ,Bares R,Bush SE,Stephens BB,Mendoza D,Mallia D,Holland L,Gurney KR,Ehleringer JR

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Engagement of high-affinity IgE receptors leads to activation of tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases and the immediate phosphorylation of receptor beta (serine and tyrosine) and gamma (threonine and tyrosine) chains. Receptor disengagement leads to dephosphorylation of beta and gamma chains via the action of undefin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paolini R,Numerof R,Kinet JP

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Migration of organisms (or cells) is typically an adaptive response to spatiotemporal variation in resources that requires individuals to detect and respond to long-range and noisy environmental gradients. Many organisms, from wildebeest to bacteria, migrate en masse in a process that can involve a vast number of indi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guttal V,Couzin ID

更新日期：2010-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Buffering variability in morphogen distribution is essential for reproducible patterning. A theoretically proposed class of mechanisms, termed "distal pinning," achieves robustness by combining local sensing of morphogen levels with global modulation of gradient spread. Here, we demonstrate a critical role for morphog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rahimi N,Carmon S,Averbukh I,Khajouei F,Sinha S,Schejter ED,Barkai N,Shilo BZ

更新日期：2020-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In the presence but not in the absence of pokeweed mitogen (PWM), monoclonal antibodies against HLA-DR antigens 147 and 164 helped highly purified B lymphocytes to proliferate and mature to Ig-secreting cells. In contrast, neither anti-DR antibody 231 nor the UCHT1 monoclonal anti-human T cell antibody (both of the sa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Palacios R,Martinez-Maza O,Guy K

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00