Abstract:
:A sensitive in vitro crosslinking technique using a photoactive derivative of the chimeric activator LexA-E2F-1 was used to identify yeast proteins that might influence the response of RNA polymerase II to transcriptional activators. We found that a novel yeast protein, Xtc1p, could be covalently crosslinked to the activation domain of LexA-E2F-1 when this derivatized activator was bound to DNA upstream of an activator-responsive RNA polymerase II promoter. Because affinity chromatography experiments showed that Xtc1p also bound directly and specifically to the activation domains of E2F-1, the viral activator VP16, and the yeast activator Gal4p and copurified with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex, Xtc1p may modulate the response of RNA polymerase II to multiple activators. Consistent with this notion, yeast strains deleted for the XTC1 gene exhibited pleiotropic growth defects, including temperature sensitivity, galactose auxotrophy, and a heightened sensitivity to activator overexpression, as well as an altered response to transcriptional activators in vivo.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Emili A,Kobayashi R,Ingles CJdoi
10.1073/pnas.95.19.11122subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-09-15 00:00:00pages
11122-7issue
19eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The virions of vesicular stomatitis virus contain an enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of ribonucleotides into RNA. The product of the reaction is mainly RNA complementary in base sequence to that of vesicular stomatitis virus RNA. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.66.2.572
更新日期:1970-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the functional consequences of mutations present in defective alleles of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (RB1) isolated from two spontaneously arising tumors. Unlike cDNA clones expressing the wild-type protein p110Rb, those encoding the two mutant proteins failed to induce the appearance of se...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.8.3033
更新日期:1991-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::In typical force spectroscopy experiments, a small biomolecule is attached to a soft polymer linker that is pulled with a relatively large bead or cantilever. At constant force, the total extension stochastically changes between two (or more) values, indicating that the biomolecule undergoes transitions between two (o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1519633112
更新日期:2015-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::The copy number of plasmid ColE1 has been known to increase when the Hae II-C segment downstream from the replication origin is deleted. The presence of the 306-base-pair (bp) Hpa II region in the segment is sufficient for reduction of the copy number. Plasmids harboring the region express a trans-acting function that...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.11.3232
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various proteins with different biological activities have been observed to be translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in an energy- and signal-dependent manner in eukaryotic cells. This nuclear export is directed by nuclear export signals (NESs), typically characterized by hydrophobic, primarily leucine, amino...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.11.6229
更新日期:1999-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals and insects, pheromones strongly influence social behaviors such as aggression and mate recognition. In Drosophila melanogaster, pheromones in the form of cuticular hydrocarbons play prominent roles in courtship. GC/MS is the primary analytical tool currently used to study Drosophila cuticular hydrocarbons....
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0802692105
更新日期:2008-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Sinuous patterns traced by fluid flows are a ubiquitous feature of physical landscapes on Earth, Mars, the volcanic floodplains of the Moon and Venus, and other planetary bodies. Typically discussed as a consequence of migration processes in meandering rivers, sinuosity is also expressed in channel types that show lit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1214074110
更新日期:2013-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::Surface plasmon resonance biosensor technology was used to directly measure the binding interactions of small molecules to the ligand-binding domain of human estrogen receptor. In a screening mode, specific ligands of the receptor were easily discerned from nonligands. In a high-resolution mode, the association and di...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.142288199
更新日期:2002-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::We present whole-genome assemblies of four divergent Arabidopsis thaliana strains that complement the 125-Mb reference genome sequence released a decade ago. Using a newly developed reference-guided approach, we assembled large contigs from 9 to 42 Gb of Illumina short-read data from the Landsberg erecta (Ler-1), C24,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1107739108
更新日期:2011-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations are a hallmark of cancer. Normal cells minimize spontaneous mutations through the combined actions of polymerase base selectivity, 3' --> 5' exonucleolytic proofreading, mismatch correction, and DNA damage repair. To determine the consequences of defective proofreading in mammals, we created mice with a poin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.232340999
更新日期:2002-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::The N-terminal arginine-rich motif of phage HK022 Nun protein binds to NUT sequences in phage lambda nascent transcripts and induces transcription termination. Interactions between the Nun C terminus and RNA polymerase as well as the DNA template are required for termination. We have isolated Nun C-terminal point and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0430995100
更新日期:2003-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::The chronic use of several drugs, including opiates, results in the stereotypical behaviors characteristic of addiction. Alterations in gene expression have been associated with the use of these addictive drugs. Previous studies, however, have been limited to describing changes in amounts of individual mRNAs from sing...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.1.385
更新日期:1994-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic nucleotide metabolism was investigated in growing kidneys of rats during compensatory hypertrophy and during neonatal development. After unilateral nephrectomy a mild and short-lasting decrease in cyclic 3':5" adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was observed in the hypertrophying kidney. In contrast, cyclic 3':5' gu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.2.524
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A highly effective vaccine would be a valuable weapon in the drive toward malaria elimination. No such vaccine currently exists, and only a handful of the hundreds of potential candidates in the parasite genome have been evaluated. In this study, we systematically evaluated 29 antigens likely to be involved in erythro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1702944114
更新日期:2017-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Tubulin cofactor B (TCoB) plays an important role in microtubule dynamics by facilitating the dimerization of alpha- and beta-tubulin. Recent evidence suggests that p21-activated kinase 1 (Pak1), a major signaling nodule in eukaryotic cells, phosphorylates TCoB on Ser-65 and Ser-128 and plays an essential role in micr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0705149104
更新日期:2007-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Four new members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, referred to as fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs), have been identified by a combination of random cDNA sequencing, data base searches, and degenerate PCR. Pairwise comparisons between the four FHFs show between 58% and 71% amino acid seque...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.18.9850
更新日期:1996-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::HIV infection leads to a state of chronic immune activation and progressive deterioration in immune function, manifested most recognizably by the progressive depletion of CD4+ T cells. A substantial percentage of natural killer (NK) cells from patients with HIV infection are activated and express the natural cytotoxic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0504315102
更新日期:2005-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::Cullin-Ring E3 ubiquitin ligases target substrates for ubiquitin-dependent, proteasome-mediated degradation and regulate critical cellular processes. These cullins assemble with cellular substrate receptor proteins through specific adaptor molecules. F-box- and BC-box-containing receptors use Skp1, ElonginB, and Elong...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0502440102
更新日期:2005-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Animal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintains a displacement loop (D loop) at the heavy strand origin of replication. These D loops represent sharply limited synthesis of heavy strands and provide a unique opportunity to examine the termination of DNA synthesis. Direct sizing at the nucleotide level indicates that the 3'...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.10.6116
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the majority of human tumors, expression of the c-MYC oncogene becomes constitutive. Here, we report that c-MYC directly regulates the expression of AP4 via CACGTG motifs in the first intron of the AP4 gene. Induction of AP4 was required for c-MYC-mediated cell cycle reentry of anti-estrogen arrested breast cancer ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0801773105
更新日期:2008-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::The deadly symptoms of malaria occur as Plasmodium parasites replicate within blood cells. Members of several variant surface protein families are expressed on infected blood cell surfaces. Of these, the largest and most ubiquitous are the Plasmodium-interspersed repeat (PIR) proteins, with more than 1,000 variants in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2016775117
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The highly polymorphic system of serologically defined genetic markers on human IgG heavy chains (Gm allotypes) is second only to the HLA complex in terms of the large number of determinants, alleles, and haplotypes that can be used for analyses of disease associations and other genetic studies. However, present typin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.12.3762
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lod scores provide a method to unify linkage tests based on identity by descent and identity in marker state while permitting selection of the most informative individuals through their disease-related phenotypes and markers in relatives. After parametric lods are reviewed, a nonparametric approach that depends on a s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.8.3471
更新日期:1996-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::We use sequential large-scale crawl data to empirically investigate and validate the dynamics that underlie the evolution of the structure of the web. We find that the overall structure of the web is defined by an intricate interplay between experience or entitlement of the pages (as measured by the number of inbound ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0805921105
更新日期:2008-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Islet transplantation offers a potential therapy to restore glucose homeostasis in type 1 diabetes patients. However, islet transplantation is not routinely successful because most islet recipients gradually lose graft function. Furthermore, serological markers of islet function are insensitive to islet loss until the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0603909103
更新日期:2006-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The lactose-H+ symport protein (LacS) of Streptococcus thermophilus has a C-terminal hydrophilic domain that is homologous to IIA protein(s) domains of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS). C-terminal truncation mutants were constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli and their properties we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.3.778
更新日期:1995-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::USF1 and USF2 are ubiquitously expressed transcription factors implicated as antagonists of the c-Myc protooncoprotein in the control of cellular proliferation. To determine the biological role of the USF proteins, mutant mice were generated by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. USF1-null mice were viab...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.7.3758
更新日期:1998-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster have shown that the circadian clock gene period (Per) can influence behavioral responses to cocaine. Here we show that the mouse homologues of the Drosophila Per gene, mPer1 and mPer2, modulate cocaine sensitization and reward, two phenomena extensively studie...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.142039099
更新日期:2002-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Interspersed repeated sequences (Alu and Kpn) were used as probes to detect a set of Not I restriction fragments of human chromosome 21 from the hybrid cell line WAV17. Forty different Not I fragments, ranging in size from less than 0.05 megabase (Mb) to 7.0 Mb, were identified. The total length of these fragments was...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.3.1080
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mimivirus, a DNA virus infecting acanthamoeba, was for a long time the largest known virus both in terms of particle size and gene content. Its genome encodes 979 proteins, including the first four aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ArgRS, CysRS, MetRS, and TyrRS) ever found outside of cellular organisms. The discovery that ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1110889108
更新日期:2011-10-18 00:00:00