Abstract:
:During metamorphosis, the tadpole neuroendocrine brain is a major target for the organisational effects of hormones acting via both endocrine feedback mechanisms and local hormone production. While the receptor-mediated actions of thyroid hormones in brain development have been well described, there is evidence that thyroid hormones could also be an important modulator of estrogen action during metamorphosis. To better understand hormone action and potential cross-regulation between thyroid hormone and estrogen, we examined changes in thyroid hormone receptors (TRalpha and TRbeta) and the estrogen receptor (ERalpha) in the brain of Rana pipiens throughout metamorphosis and in response to 48 h waterborne triiodothyronine (T3) exposure (0.5, 5 and 50 nM). We also measured mRNA levels of iodothyronine deiodinase (D2 and D3) and aromatase, key enzymes responsible for local synthesis and availability of thyroid hormones and estrogen, respectively. A real-time PCR strategy targeting these genes was developed using either a fluorescent dual-labelled probe- or SYBR Green I-based method. TRbeta mRNA levels were increased during development and in response to T3 exposure. Deiodinase (D2 and D3) enzymes were differentially regulated during development, but mRNA levels of both were increased with 50 nM T3 exposure. ERalpha and aromatase mRNA levels significantly increased at metamorphic climax, but whereas estrogen receptor alpha mRNA levels were increased by 50 nM T3, aromatase mRNA levels were decreased. These results (1) demonstrate that the developing amphibian brain is an important site for stage-specific thyroid hormone regulation of nuclear receptors and hormone synthesis enzymes and (2) provide the basis for further studies exploring the physiological and functional significance of the cross-regulation between thyroid status and estrogen-sensitive genes in the brain during amphibian metamorphosis.
journal_name
Gen Comp Endocrinoljournal_title
General and comparative endocrinologyauthors
Hogan NS,Crump KL,Duarte P,Lean DR,Trudeau VLdoi
10.1016/j.ygcen.2007.02.011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
5-15issue
1-3eissn
0016-6480issn
1095-6840pii
S0016-6480(07)00074-3journal_volume
154pub_type
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