Abstract:
:Quantitative cancer incidence data exist for various laboratory animal models, but little of this information is usable for estimating human risks, primarily because of uncertainties about possible mechanistic differences among species. Acceptance and utilization of animal data for human risk assessment will require a much better understanding of the comparative underlying mechanisms than now exists. A dual-lesion, radiation-track model in rat skin has proven to be consistent with tumor induction data with respect to acute radiation doses ranging from 0.5 up to 10 Gy and higher, and average LETs ranging from 0.34 to 150 keV microm(-1) according to the form neoplastic risk (D,L) = CLD + BD2. A recent result with the 56Fe ion beam showed dose-response consistency for malignant (carcinomas) and benign (fibromas) tumor induction with earlier results utilizing argon and neon ion beams. A discrepancy between the model and experiment was found indicating that proportionality of cancer yield with LET did not occur at 150 versus 125 keV microm(-1), i.e. tumor yield did not increase in spite of a 20% increase of LET, which suggests that a LET response maximum exists at or within this dose range. Concordance between the model and tumor induction data in rat skin implies that potential intervening complexities of carcinogenic progression fail to obscure the basic radiobiological assumptions underpinning the model. Gene expression microarray analysis shows that vitamin A inhibits the expression of about 80% of the inflammation-related genes induced by the radiation and prevents about 46% of the neoplasms associated with 56Fe ion radiation without appearing to interfere with the underlying dose and LET response patterns. Further validation is needed, but the model has the potential to provide quantitative estimates of cancer risk as a function of dose and LET for almost any type of radiation exposure and even for combinations of different radiations provided only three empirical parameters can be established for each type of radiation and organ system.
journal_name
Radiat Environ Biophysjournal_title
Radiation and environmental biophysicsauthors
Burns FJ,Tang MS,Frenkel K,Nádas A,Wu F,Uddin A,Zhang Rdoi
10.1007/s00411-007-0106-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-06-01 00:00:00pages
195-9issue
2eissn
0301-634Xissn
1432-2099journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effect of supplying three different stable iodine levels (about 70, 80, and 160 mg day-1) in the daily feed of four dairy cows has been studied for the excretion pattern of 131I. None of the different treatments had a statistically significant effect. A mean milk transfer coefficient of 0.015 +/- 0.001 d l-1 was d...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01212680
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lethal effects of high-voltage capacitor-discharges in suspensions of E. coli K12 with varying electrolytes have been examined. A reduction of more than 99.9% of living cells, dependent on the applied voltage could be proved. The bactericidal action is assumed to be due to direct effects of high electric fields. E...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01324271
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radiation-induced process of strand breaks on pBR322 plasmid DNA in aqueous solution for different energy electrons was studied by Monte Carlo simulation. Assumptions of induction mechanisms of single- and double-strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs) used in the simulation are that SSB is induced by OH or H reaction with ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-002-0161-8
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::About a century ago, Conrad Röentgen discovered X-rays, and Henri Becquerel discovered a new phenomenon, which Marie and Pierre Curie later coined as radio-activity. Since their seminal work, we have learned much about the physical properties of radiation and its effects on living matter. Alas, the more we discover, t...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00411-007-0146-8
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent analyses of the Canadian fluoroscopy cohort study reported significantly increased radiation risks of mortality from ischemic heart diseases (IHD) with a linear dose-response adjusted for dose fractionation. This cohort includes 63,707 tuberculosis patients from Canada who were exposed to low-to-moderate dose f...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-019-00819-9
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::125I incorporated in DNA is known to be exceptionally toxic. Values of D0 range from about 40 to about 90 decays for survival of mammalian cells. The effectiveness of 125I in DNA with respect to the induction of breaks of the DNA strands, however, appears to be comparatively low. The numbers of strand breaks per energ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01213705
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the various methods for studying the relative effects of transmutation and radiation of incorporated nuclides, simulation of beta radiation by external gamma exposure is of practical importance. Self-irradiation and mutual irradiation of the labeled cells cannot be neglected in any case. Furthermore, additional ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01326755
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Goiânia accident, Brazil, was used as an opportunity to quantify the contributions of different mechanisms, in particular mass loading, leading to caesium uptake by leafy vegetables in a semi-urban environment contaminated with 137Cs. Soil splash contributions of 70-90% were quantified for lettuce and 50-60% for g...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01210458
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analyses of structural aberrations of chromosomes and of the body burden of lead-210 were carried out in a group of workers occupationally exposed to chemical pollutants and low doses of ionizing radiation during a technological process in which coal is used as fuel. A parallel study was performed in a control group o...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01326048
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four different thiol reagents: p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (pCMB), mercuric chloride (HgCl2), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), and 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) were employed as agents modifying the transport of a hydrophilic and hydrophobic non-electrolyte spin labels: 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-o...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01323760
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the work presented here, changes in haematopoiesis of mice (B6129SF2/J) were studied 1 year after their whole-body exposure to a dose of 7 Gy (72% of mice survived). The irradiated mice were compared with non-irradiated younger (4 months of age) and older (16 months of age) mice. There was a significant increase in...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-012-0401-5
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During anthropogenic activities, such as agricultural soil management and traffic on unpaved roads, size distribution measurements were performed of atmospheric particulate radionuclides at a site in the Chernobyl 30-km exclusion zone. Analysis of cascade impactor measurements showed an increase of the total atmospher...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004110050118
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mice, persisting radiation-induced growth retardation of hematopoietic tissue suggested that at least part of the surviving stem cells are genetically injured. Additional mitotic stress some time after the radiation insult might remove injured stem cells, thus improving the overall recovery of the irradiated bone m...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01211410
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to verify whether extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) could affect transposition activity like some environmental stress factors such as heat shock or UV irradiation. Using an Escherichia coli Lac Z(-) strain transformed with a plasmid containing a Tn 10 derivative element expr...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-003-0192-9
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The TEL1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been shown to be the closest sequence homologue to ATM, the gene mutated in ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) patients. Functional homology shared between the ATM and Tell proteins has recently been demonstrated based on heterologous expression of the TEL1 gene in human cells ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-001-0125-4
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is usually assumed that sparsely ionizing radiation produces randomly distributed DNA breakages. This seems to be supported by the finding that in some DNA fragments single-strand scissions occur uniformly at all nucleotide sites, regardless of sequence. We performed experiments on two DNA fragments of about 300 bp...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01255271
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate whether residual radiation damage in hematopoietic tissue is measurable in situ by a change in cell turnover, the retention of the thymidine analogue 5-(125-I)iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (125-IUdR) following incorporation into DNA of cells in bone marrow and spleen of mice was measured 35 days after 0-500 rad ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01325468
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data on rats exposed to cigarette smoke before or after exposure to radon are used to estimate smoke-dependent parameters of the biologically based two-stage clonal expansion model. The baseline parameters and the action of radon acting on initiation and promotion were fixed based on earlier work. Cigarette smoke acti...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-005-0006-3
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A temporary increase in the incidence of infant leukaemia in Greece was reported by Petridou et al., which was attributed to in utero exposure to ionising radiation resulting from the Chernobyl accident. We performed a similar analysis based on the data of the German Childhood Cancer Registry in order to check whether...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004110050099
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigation of cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) in body fluids, as a potential biomarker for assessing the effect of ionizing radiation on the organism, is of considerable interest. We investigated changes in the contents of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) and cell-free nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) in the urine of X-ray-expos...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-015-0599-0
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01331176
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journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00411-008-0171-2
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this pilot study we compared for the first time the radiation sensitivity of mouse lens epithelial cells (LECs) and mouse lymphocytes. We freshly prepared LECs and lymphocytes and irradiated them with γ-rays ((137)Cs; doses ranging from 0.25 to 2 Gy). DNA damage and repair were evaluated by alkaline comet assay and...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-012-0451-8
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone sarcoma as a second malignancy is rare but highly fatal. The present knowledge about radiation-absorbed organ dose-response is insufficient to predict the risks induced by radiation therapy techniques. The objective of the present study was to assess the treatment-induced risk for bone sarcoma following a childho...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-013-0510-9
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse spermatogonial germ cells are highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. Lithium salts are reported to stimulate the postirradiation recovery of hematopoietic marrow cells. We have, therefore, examined whether administered lithium chloride (LiCl) would also be able to protect the mouse germinal cells against radiat...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004110050063
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of neutron scattering in the wall of a spherical proportional counter on the energy deposition spectra and the absorbed dose is investigated. Event probabilities, and frequency and dose-averaged deposited energies are calculated with and without scattering contribution and compared. The change of absorbe...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01328977
更新日期:1975-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Thorough studies of 28 water bodies, predominantly lakes from the younger moraine area of Schleswig-Holstein, Northern Germany but also some peat bog waters in Niedersachsen, Northern Germany and lake Balaton in Hungary, showed the presence of at least six redox systems: NO3-/NO2-; NO3-/NH4+; NO2-/NH4+; So/HS-; So/H2S...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01221229
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new device for the measurement of complete laser induced fluorescence emission spectra (maxima near 690 and 735 nm) of leaves during the induction of the chlorophyll fluorescence is described. In this the excitation light (cw He/Ne laser, 632.8 nm) is switched on by a fast electro-mechanical shutter which provides a...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01211213
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sulphur-containing radioprotectors mercaptoethylamine (MEA), aminoethylisothiourea (AET), 2- aminothiazoline , 4-oxo-2- aminothiazoline , and S-S-3- oxapentane -1,5- diisothiourea , and the radioprotective biogenic amines serotonin, histamine, and dopamine, caused the elevation of cAMP content and intensified the ...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01213732
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes the application of a simplified Bayesian method for estimation of doses from a mixed field using cytogenetic biological dosimetry, taking as an example neutron and gamma radiation emitted from the MARIA nuclear research reactor in Poland. The Bayesian approach is a good alternative to the common...
journal_title:Radiation and environmental biophysics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00411-018-0764-3
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00