Enhancement of immunity against murine syngeneic tumors by a fraction extracted from non-pathogenic mycobacteria.

abstract：:Phenotypic plasticity is presumed to be involved in adaptive change toward species diversification. We thus examined how candidate genes underlying natural variation across populations might also mediate plasticity within an individual. Our implementation of an integrative "plasticity space" approach revealed that the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rosas U,Cibrian-Jaramillo A,Ristova D,Banta JA,Gifford ML,Fan AH,Zhou RW,Kim GJ,Krouk G,Birnbaum KD,Purugganan MD,Coruzzi GM

更新日期：2013-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome c maturation in Escherichia coli requires the ccm operon, which encodes eight membrane proteins (CcmABCDEFGH). CcmE is a periplasmic heme chaperone that binds heme covalently and transfers it onto apocytochrome c in the presence of CcmF, CcmG, and CcmH. In this work we addressed the functions of the ccmABCD...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schulz H,Fabianek RA,Pellicioli EC,Hennecke H,Thöny-Meyer L

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Forests play a key role in the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems. One of the main uncertainties in global change predictions lies in how the spatiotemporal dynamics of forest productivity will be affected by climate warming. Here we show an increasing influence of climate on the spatial variability of tree grow...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shestakova TA,Gutiérrez E,Kirdyanov AV,Camarero JJ,Génova M,Knorre AA,Linares JC,Resco de Dios V,Sánchez-Salguero R,Voltas J

更新日期：2016-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropathogenicity of poliovirus can be attenuated by mutations in the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) within the 5' nontranslated region of its genome. The Sabin vaccine strains used in prevention of poliomyelitis carry such mutations in their IRES elements. In addition, mutations within the structural and nonst...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gromeier M,Alexander L,Wimmer E

更新日期：1996-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of the inotropic effect of cardiac glycosides on the heart has long been controversial. Inotropic effects at low concentrations of cardiac glycosides indicate more than one class of receptor or more than one cellular mechanism. In the brain of the rat, high- and low-affinity cardiac glycoside receptors h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sweadner KJ,Farshi SK

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phalloidin, a toxic bicyclic peptide of rapid action from the toadstool, Amanita phalloides, gives rise to polymerization of G-actin to filamentous structures (Ph-actin) in a medium of low ionic strength. Ph-actin closely resembles the microfilaments found in liver membrane fractions (Ph-filaments) after in vivo or in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lengsfeld AM,Löw I,Wieland T,Dancker P,Hasselbach W

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methotrexate (MTX) conjugated to a Mr 3000 poly(L-Lys) markedly inhibits the growth of Pro-3 MtxRII5-3 Chinese hamster ovarian cells, a mutant line known to be drug resistant because of defective MTX transport. In these cells, membrane transport of [3H]MTX-poly(Lys) is sharply decreased by addition of 0.5- to 2.5-fold...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shen WC,Ryser HJ

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the course of scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy caused by an unconventional agent, a normal cellular protein is converted to an abnormal form that copurifies with infectivity and aggregates to form deposits of amyloid. We have used immunocytochemistry and methods that enhance detection of amyloidog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Diedrich JF,Bendheim PE,Kim YS,Carp RI,Haase AT

更新日期：1991-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:When an unusually high frequency of an allele is encountered in a population, "founder effect" is often invoked as an explanation. As usually used, the term implies the disproportionate increase through chance (rather than selection) of an allele contributed to the population by a particular ancestor. While genetic th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thompson EA,Neel JV

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tissue-specific expression of the chicken liver cell adhesion molecule (L-CAM) was studied by generating transgenic mice. The rat insulin II promoter was fused to a chicken L-CAM cDNA or to chicken genomic L-CAM sequences. Mice carrying the cDNA showed no expression of L-CAM. Mice carrying L-CAM genomic sequences ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Begemann M,Tan SS,Cunningham BA,Edelman GM

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) shape second-messenger signaling responses by constraining protein kinase A (PKA) at precise intracellular locations. A defining feature of AKAPs is a helical region that binds to regulatory subunits (RII) of PKA. Mining patient-derived databases has identified 42 nonsynonymous SNPs...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith FD,Omar MH,Nygren PJ,Soughayer J,Hoshi N,Lau HT,Snyder CG,Branon TC,Ghosh D,Langeberg LK,Ting AY,Santana LF,Ong SE,Navedo MF,Scott JD

更新日期：2018-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of androgen receptor (AR) via androgen in muscle cells has been closely linked to their growth and differentiation. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of supervillin (SV), a 205-kDa actin-binding protein, as an AR coregulator from the skeletal muscle cDNA library. Mammalian two-hybrid and glut...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ting HJ,Yeh S,Nishimura K,Chang C

更新日期：2002-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs), including Zellweger syndrome (ZS) and neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), are autosomal recessive diseases caused by defects in peroxisome assembly, for which at least 10 complementation groups have been reported. We have isolated a human PEX1 cDNA (HsPEX1) by functional c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tamura S,Okumoto K,Toyama R,Shimozawa N,Tsukamoto T,Suzuki Y,Osumi T,Kondo N,Fujiki Y

更新日期：1998-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The vast majority of biologists engaged in evolutionary studies interpret virtually every aspect of biodiversity in adaptive terms. This narrow view of evolution has become untenable in light of recent observations from genomic sequencing and population-genetic theory. Numerous aspects of genomic architecture, gene st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lynch M

更新日期：2007-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have constructed a phylogenic tree for green plants by comparing 5S rRNA sequences. The tree suggests that the emergence of most of the uni- and multicellular green algae such as Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Ulva, and Chlorella occurred in the early stage of green plant evolution. The branching point of Nitella is a l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hori H,Lim BL,Osawa S

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Death of pancreatic β cells is a pathological hallmark of type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the molecular mechanisms of β cell death and its regulation are poorly understood. Here we describe a unique regulatory pathway of β cell death that comprises microRNA-21, its target tumor suppressor PDCD4, and its upstream trans...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ruan Q,Wang T,Kameswaran V,Wei Q,Johnson DS,Matschinsky F,Shi W,Chen YH

更新日期：2011-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Dimerization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease (HIV-1 PR) monomers is an essential prerequisite for viral proteolytic activity and the subsequent generation of infectious virus particles. Disruption of the dimer interface inhibits this activity as does formation of heterodimers between wild-type and defe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McPhee F,Good AC,Kuntz ID,Craik CS

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Wood-degrading brown rot fungi are essential recyclers of plant biomass in forest ecosystems. Their efficient cellulolytic systems, which have potential biotechnological applications, apparently depend on a combination of two mechanisms: lignocellulose oxidation (LOX) by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and polysaccharid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang J,Presley GN,Hammel KE,Ryu JS,Menke JR,Figueroa M,Hu D,Orr G,Schilling JS

更新日期：2016-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Thermal macrophysiology is an established research field that has led to well-described patterns in the global structuring of climate adaptation and risk. However, since it was developed primarily in animals, we lack information on how general these patterns are across organisms. This is alarming if we are to understa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lancaster LT,Humphreys AM

更新日期：2020-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The atomic buckling in 2D "Xenes" (such as silicene) fosters a plethora of exotic electronic properties such as a quantum spin Hall effect and could be engineered by external strain. Quantifying the buckling magnitude with subangstrom precision is, however, challenging, since epitaxially grown 2D layers exhibit comple...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pawlak R,Drechsel C,D'Astolfo P,Kisiel M,Meyer E,Cerda JI

更新日期：2020-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The three members of the Brn-3 family of POU domain transcription factors are found in highly restricted sets of central nervous system neurons. Within the retina, these factors are present only within subsets of ganglion cells. We show here that in the developing mouse retina, Brn-3b protein is first observed in pres...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gan L,Xiang M,Zhou L,Wagner DS,Klein WH,Nathans J

更新日期：1996-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The E6 oncoprotein of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) that are associated with cervical cancer utilizes the cellular ubiquitin-protein ligase E6-AP to target the tumor suppressor p53 for degradation. In normal cells (i.e., in the absence of E6), p53 is also a target of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Under these condi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hengstermann A,Linares LK,Ciechanover A,Whitaker NJ,Scheffner M

更新日期：2001-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The immune defense against viral infections involves cytotoxic T lymphocytes that recognize viral products in the context of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. To evade such immune surveillance viruses may have evolved various strategies to manipulate the expression of class I antigens. Adenoviru...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pääbo S,Nilsson T,Peterson PA

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Avian myelocytomatosis virus (MC29), a defective acute leukemia virus, has a broad oncogenic spectrum in vivo and transforms fibroblasts and hematopoietic target cells in vitro. We have used recombinant DNA technology to isolate and to characterize the sequences that are essential in the transformation process. Integr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lautenberger JA,Schulz RA,Garon CF,Tsichlis PN,Papas TS

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans respond to foreign antigen by generating plasma Abs and memory B cells (MBCs). The Ab response then declines, sometimes to below the limit of detection. In contrast, MBCs are generally thought to be long-lived. We tested and compared Plasmodium falciparum (Pf)-specific Ab and MBC responses in two populations of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ndungu FM,Olotu A,Mwacharo J,Nyonda M,Apfeld J,Mramba LK,Fegan GW,Bejon P,Marsh K

更新日期：2012-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Human neutrophils respond to chemoattractants, resulting in their accumulation at an inflammatory site. Chemoattractants such as the C5a peptide, derived from the C5 complement factor, bind to inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding protein (Gi)-coupled seven membrane-spanning receptors expressed in neutrophils. C5a rec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buhl AM,Avdi N,Worthen GS,Johnson GL

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:A gene's expression pattern provides clues to its role in normal physiology and disease. To provide quantitative expression levels on a genome-wide scale, the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project (CGAP) uses serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE). Over 5 million transcript tags from more than 100 human cell types have bee...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boon K,Osorio EC,Greenhut SF,Schaefer CF,Shoemaker J,Polyak K,Morin PJ,Buetow KH,Strausberg RL,De Souza SJ,Riggins GJ

更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Type-1 reactions (T1R) are pathological inflammatory episodes and main contributors to nerve damage in leprosy. Here, we evaluate the genewise enrichment of rare protein-altering variants in 7 genes where common variants were previously associated with T1R. We selected 474 Vietnamese leprosy patients of which 237 were...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fava VM,Xu YZ,Lettre G,Van Thuc N,Orlova M,Thai VH,Tao S,Croteau N,Eldeeb MA,MacDougall EJ,Cambri G,Lahiri R,Adams L,Fon EA,Trempe JF,Cobat A,Alcaïs A,Abel L,Schurr E

更新日期：2019-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Dominant mutations in the maize homeobox gene knotted1 (kn1) act nonautonomously during maize leaf development, indicating that Kn1 is involved in the generation or transmission of a developmental signal that passes from the inner layers of the leaf to epidermal cells. We previously found that this nonautonomous activ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim JY,Yuan Z,Cilia M,Khalfan-Jagani Z,Jackson D

更新日期：2002-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated and sequenced cDNA clones corresponding to the DR beta 1 and DR beta 2 loci from two homozygous B-cell lines typed as DR7 (Burkhart) and DR9 (ISK). These nucleotide sequences were compared to beta 1 and beta 2 chains of other DR haplotypes. The first-domain sequences of beta 2 chains are identical in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gregersen PK,Moriuchi T,Karr RW,Obata F,Moriuchi J,Maccari J,Goldberg D,Winchester RJ,Silver J

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00