Abstract:
:In the course of scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy caused by an unconventional agent, a normal cellular protein is converted to an abnormal form that copurifies with infectivity and aggregates to form deposits of amyloid. We have used immunocytochemistry and methods that enhance detection of amyloidogenic proteins to investigate the types of cells in the central nervous system which are involved in the formation of the abnormal scrapie-associated protein. We show that this protein accumulates in astrocytes prior to the cardinal neuropathological changes in scrapie--astrogliosis, vacuolation, neuron loss, and amyloid deposition. These findings implicate the astrocyte in the formation of the scrapie isoform of the prion protein and amyloid in scrapie and suggest that this cell type might also be involved in the replication of the scrapie agent.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Diedrich JF,Bendheim PE,Kim YS,Carp RI,Haase ATdoi
10.1073/pnas.88.2.375subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-15 00:00:00pages
375-9issue
2eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mitogen-stimulated scheduled DNA synthesis and DNA excision repair in human lymphocytes, as well as DNA polymerase a activity in a cell-free system, were inhibited by an electrophilic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene. This metabolite, (+/-)-anti-(7r,8t)-dihydroxy-(9,10t)-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahyd robenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.17.5300
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial ecology is revealing the vast diversity of strains and species that coexist in many environments, ranging from free-living communities to the symbionts that compose the human microbiome. In parallel, there is growing evidence of the importance of cooperative phenotypes for the growth and behavior of microbia...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1100292108
更新日期:2011-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown previously that the binding of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) to resident mouse peritoneal macrophages can be inhibited (up to 70%) by the apoprotein B (apoB) isolated from OxLDL, suggesting that macrophage recognition of OxLDL is primarily dependent on its modified protein moiety. However,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.11.6347
更新日期:1999-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::The structure of the non-self-complementary DNA heptamer d(CGACGAC) at low pH has been determined by the quantitative NMR refinement procedure designated SPEDREF (SPEctral-Driven REFinement). Acid-base titration of the molecule indicated a prominent n = 2 pKa near 6.8. In the pH range up to 6.0, the heptamer forms a r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.11.5224
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influential role of Wnt5a in tumor progression underscores the requirement for developing molecules that can target Wnt5a-mediated cellular responses. In the aggressive skin cancer, melanoma, elevated Wnt5a expression promotes cell motility and drives metastasis. Two approaches can be used to counteract these effe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0909409106
更新日期:2009-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Reversible biological electron transfer usually occurs between redox couples at standard redox potentials ranging from +0.8 to -0.5 V. Dearomatizing benzoyl-CoA reductases (BCRs), key enzymes of the globally relevant microbial degradation of aromatic compounds at anoxic sites, catalyze a biological Birch reduction bey...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1819636116
更新日期:2019-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Satellite tobacco necrosis virus (STNV) is one of the smallest viruses known. Its genome encodes only its coat protein (CP) subunit, relying on the polymerase of its helper virus TNV for replication. The genome has been shown to contain a cryptic set of dispersed assembly signals in the form of stem-loops that each pr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1706951114
更新日期:2017-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Biological membranes are complex, self-organized structures that define boundaries and compartmentalize space in living matter. Composed of a wide variety of lipid and protein molecules, these responsive surfaces mediate transmembrane signaling and material transport within the cell and with its environment. It is wel...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1014579108
更新日期:2011-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Peptides bind MHC class I molecules by anchoring hydrophobic side chains into pockets in the peptide binding groove. Here, we report an immunogenic (in vitro and in vivo) MUC1 glycopeptide (MUC1-8-5GalNAc) bound to H-2Kb, fully crossreactive with the nonglycosylated variant. Molecular modeling showed that the central ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2432220100
更新日期:2003-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Reported effects of anti-CD154 treatment on autoimmunity, alloreactivity, and inflammatory events mediated by macrophages and endothelial cells indicated that it might be an ideal agent for the prevention of intrahepatic islet allograft failure. This hypothesis was tested in MHC-mismatched rhesus monkeys. Transplantat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.14.8132
更新日期:1999-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::microRNAs comprise a few percent of animal genes and have been recognized as important regulators of a diverse range of biological processes. Understanding the biological functions of miRNAs requires effective means to identify their targets. Combined efforts from computational prediction, miRNA over-expression or dep...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0908149106
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA sequence of 178 base pairs preceding the first structural gene of the threonine operon of Escherichia coli has been determined. A region of perfect 2-fold rotational symmetry, involving 28 base pairs, precedes the first structural gene. The structural similarity of this sequence to known RNA polymerase termina...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.4.1706
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regular spacing of somites during vertebrate embryogenesis involves a dynamic gradient of FGF signaling that controls the timing of maturation of cells in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). How the FGF signal is transduced by PSM cells is unclear. Here, we first show that the FGF gradient is translated into graded act...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0502933102
更新日期:2005-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::We consider the sequential estimation of p, the probability of success in an infinite sequence of Bernoulli trials, when the loss incurred in stopping after n trials and estimating p by some function delta(n) of the first n outcomes is taken to be [Formula: see text] The loss due to error of estimation is thus the sym...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.1.191
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of different total enzyme concentrations on the flux through the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) in vitro was determined by measuring PTS-mediated carbohydrate phosphorylation at different dilutions of cell-free extract of Escherichia coli. The dependence of the fl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.18.10547
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two subjects, of 11,000 healthy individuals screened, were found to be missing three and four immunoglobulin isotypes, respectively (IgA1, IgG2, and IgG4; IgA1, IgG2, IgG4, and IgE), and have been analyzed at the DNA level by means of Southern blotting and Ig heavy-chain-specific probes. A broad deletion within the he...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.18.5811
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::By the combined use of DNase I footprinting, electrophoretic mobility-shift assay, and methylation interference analysis, we have identified a series of sequence-specific protein-DNA interactions in the 5' flanking region of the rat osteocalcin gene. Stimulation of osteocalcin gene expression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.5.1701
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K (mitoK(ATP)) channels play a central role in protecting the heart from injury in ischemic preconditioning. In isolated mitochondria exposed to elevated extramitochondrial Ca, P(i), and anoxia to simulate ischemic conditions, the selective mitoK(ATP) channel agonist diazoxide (25-50 microM...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.052713199
更新日期:2002-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::The T cell alphabeta receptor (TCR) recognizes foreign peptide antigens bound to proteins encoded in the MHC. The MHC portion of this complex contributes much to the footprint of the TCR on the ligand, yet T cells are usually very specific for individual foreign peptides. Here, we show that the development of peptide-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1934636100
更新日期:2003-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate added to exponentially growing cells of Hemophilus influenzae strain Rd increases competence for transformation 100- to 10,000-fold. Cyclic AMP added to near-stationary or stationary cells does not increase competence over the high level normally found in the early stationary phase...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.2.471
更新日期:1973-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A yeast genetic system was developed to study how the basic regions of basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins distinguish between related consensus bHLH binding sites, with nucleotide sequence CANNTG. The yeast bHLH protein CBF1 binds to the sequence CAC(A/G)TG found in the yeast centromere element CDE1 and in promote...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.2.599
更新日期:1992-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Life history events, such as traumatic stress, illness, or starvation, can influence us through molecular changes that are recorded in a pattern of characteristic chromatin modifications. These modifications are often associated with adaptive adjustments in gene expression that can persist throughout the lifetime of t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1616171114
更新日期:2017-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::A galanin receptor protein was solubilized with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS) from pig brain membranes and then purified by single-step affinity chromatography. The product exhibits saturable and specific binding for galanin with a binding activity of 17 nmol/mg of protein and a dis...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.9.3845
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The internal dynamics of bacteriorhodopsin, the light-driven proton pump in the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium, has been studied by inelastic neutron scattering for various conditions of temperature and hydration. Light activation can take place when the membrane is vibrating harmonically. The ability of th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.20.9668
更新日期:1993-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The primary photochemistry of Fe-depleted and Zn-reconstituted reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides R-26.1 was studied by transient absorption spectroscopy and compared with native, Fe(2+)-containing reaction centers. Excitation of metal-free reaction centers with 30-ps flashes produced the initial charg...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.17.6407
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal medullary cells contain high concentrations of myo-inositol, sorbitol, betaine, and glycerophosphocholine, whose levels vary with urinary osmolality. Accumulation of these "compatible" organic osmolytes is believed to help the cells osmoregulate in response to the high extracellular osmolality that occurs as par...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.15.6002
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transgenic (Tg) mouse lines that express chimeric mouse-human prion protein (PrP), designated MHu2M, are susceptible to prions from patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). With the aim of decreasing the incubation time to fewer than 200 days, we constructed transgenes in which one or more of the nine ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2627989100
更新日期:2003-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence suggests that subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues are differentially associated with metabolic disorders. In obesity, subcutaneous adipose tissue is beneficial for metabolic homeostasis because of repressed inflammation. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1822067116
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::IL-17-producing CD27(-) γδ cells (γδ(27-) cells) are widely viewed as innate immune cells that make critical contributions to host protection and autoimmunity. However, factors that promote them over IFN-γ-producing γδ(27+) cells are poorly elucidated. Moreover, although human IL-17-producing γδ cells are commonly imp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1204327109
更新日期:2012-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::The fusion of inner mitochondrial membranes requires dynamin-like GTPases, Mgm1 in yeast and OPA1 in mammals, but how they mediate membrane fusion is poorly understood. Here, we determined the crystal structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae short Mgm1 (s-Mgm1) in complex with GDP. It revealed an N-terminal GTPase (G) do...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1919116117
更新日期:2020-02-25 00:00:00