Abstract:
:Integrons are genetic elements that contribute to lateral gene transfer in bacteria as a consequence of possessing a site-specific recombination system. This system facilitates the spread of genes when they are part of mobile cassettes. Most integrons are contained within chromosomes and are confined to specific bacterial lineages. However, this is not the case for class 1 integrons, which were the first to be identified and are one of the single biggest contributors to multidrug-resistant nosocomial infections, carrying resistance to many antibiotics in diverse pathogens on a global scale. The rapid spread of class 1 integrons in the last 60 years is partly a result of their association with a specific suite of transposition functions, which has facilitated their recruitment by plasmids and other transposons. The widespread use of antibiotics has acted as a positive selection pressure for bacteria, especially pathogens, which harbor class 1 integrons and their associated antibiotic resistance genes. Here, we have isolated bacteria from soil and sediment in the absence of antibiotic selection. Class 1 integrons were recovered from four different bacterial species not known to be human pathogens or commensals. All four integrons lacked the transposition genes previously considered to be a characteristic of this class. At least two of these integrons were located on a chromosome, and none of them possessed antibiotic resistance genes. We conclude that novel class 1 integrons are present in a sediment environment in various bacteria of the beta-proteobacterial class. These data suggest that the dispersal of this class may have begun before the "antibiotic era."
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Stokes HW,Nesbø CL,Holley M,Bahl MI,Gillings MR,Boucher Ydoi
10.1128/JB.01950-05subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-08-01 00:00:00pages
5722-30issue
16eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530pii
188/16/5722journal_volume
188pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Acetyl coenzyme A synthetase (Acs) activates acetate to acetyl coenzyme A through an acetyladenylate intermediate; two other enzymes, acetate kinase (Ack) and phosphotransacetylase (Pta), activate acetate through an acetyl phosphate intermediate. We subcloned acs, the Escherichia coli open reading frame purported to e...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.177.10.2878-2886.1995
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pdxK and pdxY genes have been found to code for pyridoxal kinases, enzymes involved in the pyridoxal phosphate salvage pathway. Two pyridoxal kinase structures have recently been published, including Escherichia coli pyridoxal kinase 2 (ePL kinase 2) and sheep pyridoxal kinase, products of the pdxY and pdxK genes,...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00122-06
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.183.20.5911-5917.2001
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a cytoduction assay to measure cell fusion quantitatively in the basidiomycete corn smut fungus Ustilago maydis. This assay employs a mutation conferring resistance to oligomycin that exhibits non-Mendelian inheritance and presumably affects the mitochondrial genome. After auxotrophic olir cells are ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.174.23.7831-7833.1992
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli AT2046 has been shown previously to lack the enzyme serine transhydroxymethylase and to require exogenous glycine for growth as a consequence. Strains JEV73 and JEV73R, mutants derived from strain AT2046, are shown here to be serine transhydroxymethylase deficient, but able to derive their glycine fro...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.122.3.810-817.1975
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Silicibacter sp. TM1040 is a member of the marine Roseobacter clade of Alphaproteobacteria that forms symbioses with unicellular eukaryotic phytoplankton, such as dinoflagellates. The symbiosis is complex and involves a series of steps that physiologically change highly motile bacteria into cells that readily form bio...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00429-09
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a model system, we have studied deletion formation in Bacillus subtilis. When the staphylococcal plasmids pSA2100 (7.1 kilobases) and pUB110 (4.5 kilobases) were ligated to one another at their unique XbaI sites and transformed into either rec+ or recE4 strains of B. subtilis, an intramolecular recombination eve...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.162.3.1014-1023.1985
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::ZoBell, Claude E. (University of California, La Jolla) and Andre B. Cobet. Growth, reproduction, and death rates of Escherichia coli at increased hydrostatic pressures. J. Bacteriol. 84:1228-1236. 1962.-Pressures ranging from 100 to 500 atm were found to retard the growth and reproduction of Escherichia coli in nutrie...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.84.6.1228-1236.1962
更新日期:1962-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::After treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, 133 independent mutants of a haploid strain of Escherichia coli able to use phenyl-beta-galactoside as a carbon source were obtained. The galactoside was specific in selecting for mutants with increases in their uninduced levels of beta-galactosidase. Virtuall...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.119.2.500-507.1974
更新日期:1974-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.174.20.6368-6376.1992
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of the 146-kilodalton (kDa) extracellular glucoamylase by the budding yeast Schwanniomyces castellii is induced by maltose and starch. By use of antiglucoamylase antisera, we found that this expression was regulated at the level of the mRNA, taking place within 30 min after exposure of yeast cells to the re...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.5.2360-2366.1990
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new method for measuring the secretion of H(2)O(2) has been based upon an H(2)O(2)-dependent inhibition of catalase by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. The conversion of an H(2)O(2)-secretion rate into a catalase inhibition rate amplified a relatively small molar concentration of H(2)O(2) and provided a highly specific and s...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.98.2.543-546.1969
更新日期:1969-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methods were devised to purify the cell-associated, iron-binding compounds known as mycobactins from the closely related species Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum (i.e., the MAIS complex of organisms). The mycobactins from these three species showed a structure that is c...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.164.2.896-903.1985
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A thermosensitive sporulation mutant of Bacillus subtilis containing a mutation in the secY gene was isolated and characterized. No asymmetric septum specific to the sporulation was detected by electron microscopy at the nonpermissive temperature, indicating that the block occurred at a very early stage of sporulation...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.11.3656-3660.1993
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sequenced collection of plasmid-borne random fusions of Escherichia coli DNA to a Photorhabdus luminescens luxCDABE reporter was used as a starting point to select a set of 689 nonredundant functional gene fusions. This group, called LuxArray 1.0, represented 27% of the predicted transcriptional units in E. coli. Hi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.183.19.5496-5505.2001
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isolation of auxotrophic mutants of Bacillus licheniformis, a microbe containing constitutive beta-lactamase activity, was found to be facilitated by the addition of clavulanic acid and cefotaxime during enrichment. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.159.2.803-804.1984
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The large virulence plasmid pMYSH6000 of Shigella flexneri contains a determinant that is highly effective in stabilizing otherwise unstable plasmids in Escherichia coli. Expression of two small contiguous genes, mvpA and mvpT (formerly termed STBORF1 and STBORF2), was shown to be sufficient for stability. Mutations i...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.182.9.2416-2421.2000
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide sequence of the DNA mobilization region of the 5-nitroimidazole resistance plasmid pIP421, from strain BF-F239 of Bacteroides fragilis, was determined. It contains a putative origin of transfer (oriT) including three sets of inverted repeats and two sequences reminiscent of specific integration host fac...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.12.4071-4074.1997
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among 30 conjugative plasmids of enteric bacteria from 23 incompatibility (Inc) groups, we found 19 (from 12 Inc groups) which can complement defects caused by a defective single-stranded DNA-binding protein of Escherichia coli K-12. The genes which are responsible for the complementation from three of these plasmids ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.162.1.235-241.1985
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::At a pH of journal_title:Journal of bacteriology pub_type: 杂志文章 doi:10.1128/jb.184.19.5339-5347.2002 更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.104.1.360-362.1970
更新日期:1970-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major acid-soluble spore proteins (ASSPs) of Bacillus subtilis were detected by immunoprecipitation of radioactively labeled in vitro- and in vivo-synthesized proteins. ASSP synthesis in vivo began 2 h after the initiation of sporulation (t2) and reached its maximum rate at t7. This corresponded to the time of syn...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::AppppA and the DnaK protein have both been hypothesized to function in regulating the heat shock response of Escherichia coli. The proposals are that AppppA serves as a signal (alarmone) to turn on the heat shock response, whereas the DnaK protein is necessary to turn off the heat shock response. A simple model would ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.168.2.931-935.1986
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven conditional lethal dnaG(Ts) mutations were located by chemical cleavage of heteroduplexes formed between polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNAs from wild-type and mutant dnaG genes. This entailed end labeling one DNA strand of the heteroduplex, chemically modifying the strands with hydroxylamine or osmium tet...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.3.1268-1278.1991
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The trehalose content in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be significantly manipulated by including trehalose at an appropriate level in the growth medium. Its uptake is largely dependent on the expression of AGT1, which encodes an alpha-glucoside transporter. The trehalose found in a tps1 mutant of trehalose synthase may...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.12.3830-3832.1999
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Izaki, Kazuo (University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan), Kan Kiuchi, and Kei Arima. Specificity and mechanism of tetracycline resistance in a multiple drug resistant strain of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 91:628-633. 1966.-A decrease in the uptake of tetracycline occurred concurrently with a rise in the level of resistanc...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.91.2.628-633.1966
更新日期:1966-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous field isolates of Moraxella bovis have previously been classified by serological techniques into seven serogroups, each defined by homologous cross-reaction with antisera prepared against purified pili of a single prototype strain. The gene encoding pilin from each of the prototype strains has been characteri...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.176.16.4875-4882.1994
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six peptidase activities have been distinguished electrophoretically in cell extracts of Salmonella typhimurium with the aid of a histochemical stain. The activities can also be partially separated by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose. These peptidases show overlapping substrate specificities. Mutants (pep...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.120.1.355-363.1974
更新日期:1974-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pst gene cluster encodes the phosphate-specific transport (Pst) system. Inactivation of the Pst system constitutively activates the two-component regulatory system PhoBR and attenuates the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. In uropathogenic Escherichia coli strain CFT073, attenuation by inactivation of pst is predo...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00168-17
更新日期:2017-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Pizer, Lewis I. (University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia). Glycine synthesis and metabolism in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 89:1145-1150. 1965.-A correlation was demonstrated between a nutritional requirement that can only be satisfied by glycine and the absence of the enzymatic capacity to interconvert l-serine a...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.89.4.1145-1150.1965
更新日期:1965-04-01 00:00:00