Abstract：
:Nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emission from soils is a major contributor to the atmospheric loading of this potent greenhouse gas. It is thought that autotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are a significant source of soil-derived N(2)O and a denitrification pathway (i.e. reduction of NO(2) (-) to NO and N(2)O), so-called nitrifier denitrification, has been demonstrated as a N(2)O production mechanism in Nitrosomonas europaea. It is thought that Nitrosospira spp. are the dominant AOB in soil, but little information is available on their ability to produce N(2)O or on the existence of a nitrifier denitrification pathway in this lineage. This study aims to characterize N(2)O production and nitrifier denitrification in seven strains of AOB representative of clusters 0, 2 and 3 in the cultured Nitrosospira lineage. Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC 19718 and ATCC 25978 were analysed for comparison. The aerobically incubated test strains produced significant (P < 0.001) amounts of N(2)O and total N(2)O production rates ranged from 2.0 amol cell(-1) h(-1), in Nitrosospira tenuis strain NV12, to 58.0 amol cell(-1) h(-1), in N. europaea ATCC 19718. Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC 19718 was atypical in that it produced four times more N(2)O than the next highest producing strain. All AOB tested were able to carry out nitrifier denitrification under aerobic conditions, as determined by production of (15)N-N(2)O from applied (15)N-NO(2) (-). Up to 13.5% of the N(2)O produced was derived from the exogenously applied (15)N-NO(2) (-). The results suggest that nitrifier denitrification could be a universal trait in the betaproteobacterial AOB and its potential ecological significance is discussed.
journal_name
Environ Microbioljournal_title
Environmental microbiologyauthors
Shaw LJ,Nicol GW,Smith Z,Fear J,Prosser JI,Baggs EMdoi
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.00882.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-02-01 00:00:00pages
214-22issue
2eissn
1462-2912issn
1462-2920pii
EMI882journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Model denitrifiers convert NO3- to N2 , but it appears that a significant fraction of natural populations are truncated, conducting only one or two steps of the pathway. To better understand the diversity of partial denitrifiers in soil and whether discrepancies arise between the presence of known N-oxide reductase ge...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.13250
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Black Sea chemocline represents the largest extant habitat of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria and harbours a monospecific population of Chlorobium phylotype BS-1. High-sensitivity measurements of underwater irradiance and sulfide revealed that the optical properties of the overlying water column were similar acro...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02178.x
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine if different algal viruses (Phycodnaviridae) share common patterns of seasonal abundance, quantitative PCR methods were developed and applied to monitor the abundances of three different viruses in Lake Ontario, Canada over 13 months. Throughout the year, the abundances of two different phycodnavirus polB...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01988.x
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic and widely distributed heavy metal, which some Bacteria and Archaea detoxify by the reduction of ionic Hg (Hg[II]) to the elemental volatile form, Hg(0). This activity is specified by the mer operon. The mer operon of the deeply branching thermophile Thermus thermophilus HB27 encodes for...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.14953
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibiotics are routinely used in modern livestock farming. The manure from medicated animals is used for the fertilization of arable crops, which in turn leads to the accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. This is a potentially serious public health issue, yet the identities of the bac...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.13337
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Geothermal springs are essentially unaffected by environmental conditions aboveground as they are continuously supplied with subsurface water with little variability in chemistry. Therefore, changes in their microbial community composition and function, especially over a long period, are expected to be limited but thi...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.15373
更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:pH-responsive transcription factor of the PacC/Rim101 family governs adaptation to environment, development and virulence in many fungal pathogens. In this study, we report the functions of a PacC homologue, MrpacC, in an insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii. The gene was highly transcribed in the fungus in ...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.12451
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Symbiotic association is universal in nature, and an array of symbionts play a crucial part in host life history. Aphids and their diverse symbionts have become a good model system to study insect-symbiont interactions. Previous symbiotic diversity surveys have mainly focused on a few aphid clades, and the relative im...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.15391
更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbes perform many costly biological functions that benefit themselves, and may also benefit neighbouring cells. Losing the ability to perform such functions can be advantageous due to cost savings, but when they are essential for growth, organisms become dependent on ecological partners to compensate for those los...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.13028
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in community structure and activity of the dissimilatory nitrate-reducing community were investigated across a glacier foreland in the Central Alps to gain insight into the successional pattern of this functional group and the driving environmental factors. Bulk soil and rhizosphere soil of Poa alpina was samp...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01051.x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Marinobacter santoriniensis NKSG1(T) is a mesophilic, dissimilatory arsenate-reducing and arsenite-oxidizing bacterium isolated from an arsenate-reducing enrichment culture. The inoculum was obtained from arsenic-rich shallow marine hydrothermal sediment from Santorini, Greece, with evidence of arsenic redox cycling. ...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01890.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The catalase family of Beauveria bassiana (fungal entomopathogen) consists of catA (spore-specific), catB (secreted), catP (peroxisomal), catC (cytoplasmic) and catD (secreted peroxidase/catalase), which were distinguished in phylogeny and structure and functionally characterized by constructing single-gene disrupted ...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02848.x
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibiotics have been proposed as supplements in re-feeding programmes for malnourished children. A review of paediatric literature showed that growth promotion by antibiotics, when it was observed, was mostly mediated by its anti-infective properties. Despite the widespread use of antibiotics as growth promoters in a...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.12786
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The deep sea is a unique and extreme environment characterized by low concentrations of highly recalcitrant carbon. As a consequence, large organic inputs have potential to cause significant perturbation. To assess the impact of organic enrichment on deep sea microbial communities, we investigated bacterial diversity ...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02072.x
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxin-antitoxin modules are gene pairs encoding a toxin and its antitoxin, and are found on the chromosomes of many bacteria, including pathogens. Here, we characterize the specific contribution of the TxpA and YqcG toxins in elimination of defective cells from developing Bacillus subtilis biofilms. On nutrient limita...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.13471
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of eight laboratory cultures of marine gamma- and alpha-Proteobacteria tested, growth on glycolate as a sole carbon source was detected for only three species: Pseudomonas stutzeri, Oceanimonas doudoroffii and Roseobacter sp. isolate Y3F. Degenerate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were designed to amplify glcD...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01092.x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most studies on the species composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have solely analysed mycorrhizal roots or AM spores collected from soil samples. However, the spore production rate and proportions of AMF mycelium in roots and soils have all been shown to vary substantially in a taxon-specific manner. Ther...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01309.x
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two cellulose-fermenting methanogenic enrichment cultures originating from rice soil, one at 15 degrees C with Methanosaeta and the other at 30 degrees C with Methanosarcina as the dominant acetoclastic methanogen, both degraded cellulose anaerobically via propionate, acetate and H2 to CH4. The degradation was a two-s...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1462-2920.2001.00199.x
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Petrochemical and geological evidence suggest that petroleum in most reservoirs is anaerobically biodegraded to some extent. However, the conditions for this metabolism and the cultivation of the requisite microorganisms are rarely established. Here, we report on microbial hydrocarbon metabolism in two distinct oilfie...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02282.x
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The advances in synthetic biology bring exciting new opportunities to reprogram microorganisms with novel functionalities for environmental applications. For real-world applications, a genetic tool that enables genetic engineering in a stably genomic inherited manner is greatly desired. In this work, we design a novel...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.15374
更新日期：2020-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Mucormycosis is an emergent, fatal fungal infection of humans and warm-blooded animals caused by species of the order Mucorales. Immune cells of the innate immune system serve as the first line of defence against inhaled spores. Alveolar macrophages were challenged with the mucoralean fungus Lichtheimia corymbifera an...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.15140
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temperature is an important correlate of global patterns of biodiversity, yet the mechanisms driving these relationships are not well understood. Taxa-area relationships (TARs) have been intensively examined, but the effects of temperature on TARs, particularly for microbial communities, are largely undocumented. Here...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.14303
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, the ability of the geoactive fungus Aspergillus niger to colonize and transform manganese nodules from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone in both solid and liquid media was investigated. Aspergillus niger was able to colonize and penetrate manganese nodules embedded in solid medium and effect extensive transfo...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.14591
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Denitrifying bacteria were enriched from freshwater sediment with added nitrate as electron acceptor and crude oil as the only source of organic substrates. The enrichment cultures were used as laboratory model systems for studying the degradative potential of denitrifying bacteria with respect to crude oil constituen...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1462-2920.1999.00014.x
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A companion study indicated that approximately 30% of cultivable soil bacteria may contain inducible prophage; however, the degree to which this cultivation-based estimate applies to autochthonous communities of soil bacteria is unknown. To estimate the prevalence of lysogeny within soil bacterial communities, inducti...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01374.x
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent scenarios of fresh produce contamination by human enteric pathogens have resulted in severe food-borne outbreaks, and a new paradigm has emerged stating that some human-associated bacteria can use plants as secondary hosts. As a consequence, there has been growing concern in the scientific community about these...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.13389
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complex ecology of free-living amoebae (FLA) and their role in spreading pathogenic microorganisms through water systems have recently raised considerable interest. In this study, we investigated the presence of FLA and amoebae-resisting bacteria (ARB) at various stages of a drinking water plant fed with river wat...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01693.x
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sulfate-reducing culture N47 can utilize naphthalene or 2-methylnaphthalene as the sole carbon source and electron donor. Here we show that the initial reaction in the naphthalene degradation pathway is a methylation to 2-methylnaphthalene which then undergoes the subsequent oxidation to the central metabolite 2-n...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.00900.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Crc protein is a global regulator that has a key role in catabolite repression and optimization of metabolism in Pseudomonads. Crc inhibits gene expression post-transcriptionally, preventing translation of mRNAs bearing an AAnAAnAA motif [the catabolite activity (CA) motif] close to the translation start site. Alt...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1462-2920.12499
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains producing either or both of a thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH) and a TDH-related haemolysin (TRH) encoded by tdh and trh genes, respectively, are isolated at a low rate from the environment. However, recently we observed that a considerable percentage of APW (alkaline pep...
journal_title：Environmental microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.00990.x
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
