Des-acyl ghrelin acts by CRF type 2 receptors to disrupt fasted stomach motility in conscious rats.

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Genetic variation is invoked as a strong component underlying primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and other autoimmune disorders. Data suggest that some of this genetic risk is shared, affecting function of the immune mechanisms controlling self-tolerance. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) encodes ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Juran BD,Atkinson EJ,Schlicht EM,Fridley BL,Lazaridis KN

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Sjögren's syndrome and autoimmune pancreatitis are disorders with decreased function of salivary, lacrimal glands, and the exocrine pancreas. Nonobese diabetic/ShiLTJ mice and mice transduced with the cytokine BMP6 develop Sjögren's syndrome and chronic pancreatitis and MRL/Mp mice are models of autoi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Zeng M,Szymczak M,Ahuja M,Zheng C,Yin H,Swaim W,Chiorini JA,Bridges RJ,Muallem S

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Oral bile acid replacement has been shown to be an effective therapy in primary bile acid synthesis defects, but to date there have been no reports of the long-term effects of this therapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and safety of cholic acid (CA) therapy. METHOD...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Gonzales E,Gerhardt MF,Fabre M,Setchell KD,Davit-Spraul A,Vincent I,Heubi JE,Bernard O,Jacquemin E

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of lipoxygenase metabolites in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury and submucosal microvascular change in the rat was studied by in vivo microscopy. Intragastric ethanol-instillation caused marked submucosal venular constriction, dilatation of small arterioles, and corpus mucosal gross lesion formation. Th...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Yonei Y,Guth PH

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Hepatobiliary complications occur in inflammatory bowel disease and may be caused by the translocation of intestinal toxins from portal blood into bile through leaky hepatocyte tight junctions. The role of tight junctions in the pathogenesis of hepatobiliary complications in experimental inflammatory ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Lora L,Mazzon E,Martines D,Fries W,Muraca M,Martin A,d'Odorico A,Naccarato R,Citi S

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phospholipases are enzymes that hydrolyze specific portions of phospholipid molecules. Their role in the digestion of exogenous phospholipids and as the active principle in snake and bee venoms has long been appreciated. Interest has increased in phospholipases recently because of new data implicating them in the infl...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Mansbach CM 2nd

更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Ethanol causes both tolerance and sensitization of Kupffer cells. This study was designed to evaluate temporal effects of ethanol in an attempt to understand this paradox. METHODS:Rats were given ethanol (4 g/kg body wt) intragastrically, and Kupffer cells were isolated 0-48 hours later. After additi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Enomoto N,Ikejima K,Bradford B,Rivera C,Kono H,Brenner DA,Thurman RG

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty-five 1-day-old Pekin-Aylesbury ducks were inoculated intravenously or intraperitoneally with duck hepatitis B virus, and the time-course of infection was examined by Southern-blot, dot-blot, and in situ hybridization and by immunohistochemistry. Randomly scattered single infected hepatocytes were first seen on ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Jilbert AR,Freiman JS,Burrell CJ,Holmes M,Gowans EJ,Rowland R,Hall P,Cossart YE

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Hepatic osmoreceptors are sensitive to changes in portal blood osmolality and cause variations in plasma antidiuretic hormone and water diuresis, which prevent major systemic osmotic changes. Insensitivity of hepatic osmoreceptors might contribute to maintaining increased plasma levels of antidiuretic h...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Castellano G,Solis-Herruzo JA,Gonzalez A,Morillas JD,Moreno D,Muñoz T,Larrodera L

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder associated with KIT germline mutations. In sporadic forms of the disease, somatic mutations target either KIT or PDGFRA genes. In a kindred in which 5 individuals had GIST, no germline mutation in KIT coding sequence has been ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Chompret A,Kannengiesser C,Barrois M,Terrier P,Dahan P,Tursz T,Lenoir GM,Bressac-De Paillerets B

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast to the "toxigenic diarrheas" caused by Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli, the site and mechanism of fluid loss in shigellosis are unknown. The occurrence of watery diarrhea in shigellosis suggests involvement of the small bowel. Therefore, jejunal, ileal, and colonic water and electrolyte transport was ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Rout WR,Formal SB,Giannella RA,Dammin GJ

更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholangiocarcinoma occurs in approximately 10% of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Usually, liver failure, rapidly progressing jaundice, and an increase in alkaline phosphatase levels are suggestive diagnostic features. We report two cases of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis who developed chol...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Martins EB,Fleming KA,Garrido MC,Hine KR,Chapman RW

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Standardized instruments are needed to assess the activity of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and to provide end points for clinical trials and observational studies. We aimed to develop and validate a patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument and score, based on items that could account for variations...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Schoepfer AM,Straumann A,Panczak R,Coslovsky M,Kuehni CE,Maurer E,Haas NA,Romero Y,Hirano I,Alexander JA,Gonsalves N,Furuta GT,Dellon ES,Leung J,Collins MH,Bussmann C,Netzer P,Gupta SK,Aceves SS,Chehade M,Moawad F

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:In searching for effects of acetaminophen (APAP) on hepatocytes downstream of its metabolism that may participate in hepatotoxicity, we examined the role of stress kinases. METHODS:Mouse hepatocytes and C57BL/6 mice were administered a toxic dose of APAP with or without SP600125, a chemical c-jun N-t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Gunawan BK,Liu ZX,Han D,Hanawa N,Gaarde WA,Kaplowitz N

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Autoimmune responses against colonic epithelium may play a role in the development of colonic inflammation associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we established and characterized B-cell lines and clones that produced anticolon antibody from inflamed colonic mucosa of UC subjects. M...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Inoue N,Watanabe M,Sato T,Okazawa A,Yamazaki M,Kanai T,Ogata H,Iwao Y,Ishii H,Hibi T

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of intracerebroventricular and intravenous administration of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) on gastrointestinal motility, motilin-induced gastric motor response, and plasma motilin and somatostatin levels were investigated in fasted dogs chronically prepared with strain gauge transducers on the antru...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Bueno L,Fargeas MJ,Gue M,Peeters TL,Bormans V,Fioramonti J

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excretion of hydrogen in breath commonly persists despite an overnight fast. Although elevation of hydrogen concentration above the fasting value after administration of a test sugar is evidence of malabsorption, the significance of the fasting value itself is unknown. We determined the normal limits of fasting breath...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Perman JA,Modler S,Barr RG,Rosenthal P

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Specimens of the sigmoid colon were obtained from male and female patients (n = 11) with carcinoma of the colon or rectum and studied immunohistochemically for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, somatostatin-, substance P-, neuropeptide Y-, calcitonin gene-related peptide-, met- and leu-enkephalin-, 5-hydroxytryptami...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Crowe R,Kamm MA,Burnstock G,Lennard-Jones JE

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:The vagus nerve negatively regulates macrophage cytokine production via the release of acetylcholine (ACh) and activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). In various models of intestinal inflammation, vagus nerve efferent stimulation ameliorates disease. Given the actively constrained cyt...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： van der Zanden EP,Snoek SA,Heinsbroek SE,Stanisor OI,Verseijden C,Boeckxstaens GE,Peppelenbosch MP,Greaves DR,Gordon S,De Jonge WJ

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Two percent to 4% of all cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) are associated with Lynch syndrome. Dominant clustering of CRC (non-Lynch syndrome) accounts for 1%-3% of the cases. Because carcinogenesis is accelerated in Lynch syndrome, an intensive colonoscopic surveillance program has been recommended si...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Vasen HF,Abdirahman M,Brohet R,Langers AM,Kleibeuker JH,van Kouwen M,Koornstra JJ,Boot H,Cats A,Dekker E,Sanduleanu S,Poley JW,Hardwick JC,de Vos Tot Nederveen Cappel WH,van der Meulen-de Jong AE,Tan TG,Jacobs MA,Mohame

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are effective at treating acid-related disorders. These drugs are well tolerated in the short term, but long-term treatment was associated with adverse events in observational studies. We aimed to confirm these findings in an adequately powered randomized trial. METHODS:...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Moayyedi P,Eikelboom JW,Bosch J,Connolly SJ,Dyal L,Shestakovska O,Leong D,Anand SS,Störk S,Branch KRH,Bhatt DL,Verhamme PB,O'Donnell M,Maggioni AP,Lonn EM,Piegas LS,Ertl G,Keltai M,Bruns NC,Muehlhofer E,Dagenais G

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the relationships of the serum markers of fibrogenesis and basement membrane formation to the clinical and morphological severity of alcoholic liver disease and to the degree of alcohol abuse. The concentrations of the aminoterminal propeptide of type III collagen, type IV collagen, and laminin...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Niemelä O,Risteli J,Blake JE,Risteli L,Compton KV,Orrego H

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a patient with severe peptic ulcer disease and a right ovarian mass that was found to be a gastrin-producing cystadenocarcinoma. Gastrin production by the tumor was stimulated by secretin and inhibited by the long-acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995. Following resection of the tumor, serum gastrin level...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Heyd J,Livni N,Herbet D,Mor-Yosef S,Glaser B

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND & AIMS:Capillarization of the sinusoids in cirrhosis is proposed to reduce oxygen availability to the hepatocyte, resulting in the patterns of altered drug metabolism observed in cirrhosis. If this were true, drug metabolism in cirrhotic livers would be expected to be more sensitive to reduced oxygen deliver...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Hickey PL,McLean AJ,Angus PW,Choo EF,Morgan DJ

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The appropriate treatment of patients with fistulas in the setting of Crohn's disease requires a knowledge of the specific medical and surgical literature of fistulizing Crohn's. The patient with symptomatic fistulizing Crohn's disease may respond differently to specific medical therapy than a patient with symptomatic...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Lichtenstein GR

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased type III collagen deposition in all layers of the intestinal tract, including the lamina propria, is a common feature of strictures in Crohn's disease. In the present study, it was found that in comparison with fibroblasts from normal or nonstrictured but inflamed intestinal lamina propria, the fibroblasts i...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Stallmach A,Schuppan D,Riese HH,Matthes H,Riecken EO

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the pattern of inheritance of lactase deficiency, we studied 104 American Indian and 2 white subjects in 19 families. Subjects were considered deficient in lactase if breath-hydrogen excretion exceeded 0.20 ml per min above fasting at 2 hr after a lactose load of 2 g per kg of body weight (maximum 50 g). ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Newcomer AD,Gordon H,Thomas PJ,McGill DB

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two women, aged 19 and 28 yr, who had been on the contraceptive pill for at least 18 mo, developed abnormal levels of circulating liver enzymes, minimal hepatomegaly, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Liver biopsy in both women showed a sinusoidal dilatation sparing the perihepatic venous regions. The liver...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Camilleri M,Schafler K,Chadwick VS,Hodgson HJ,Weinbren K

更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electromyogram of the submental muscles, esophageal manometry, and pH studies were simultaneously performed in an unselected group of 12 patients with subjective and objective evidence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) disease to determine the frequency of transient relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) an...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Mittal RK,McCallum RW

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:To influence host and disease phenotype, compositional microbiome changes, which have been demonstrated in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), must be accompanied by functional changes. We therefore aimed to characterize the genetic potential of the gut microbiome in PSC compared to ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology

authors： Kummen M,Thingholm LB,Rühlemann MC,Holm K,Hansen SH,Moitinho-Silva L,Liwinski T,Zenouzi R,Storm-Larsen C,Midttun Ø,McCann A,Ueland PM,Høivik ML,Vesterhus M,Trøseid M,Laudes M,Lieb W,Karlsen TH,Bang C,Schramm C,Fra

更新日期：2020-12-30 00:00:00