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Altered gut microbial metabolism of essential nutrients in primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:To influence host and disease phenotype, compositional microbiome changes, which have been demonstrated in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), must be accompanied by functional changes. We therefore aimed to characterize the genetic potential of the gut microbiome in PSC compared to healthy controls (HCs) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS:Fecal DNA from two cohorts (one Norwegian and one German), in total comprising 136 patients with PSC (58% with IBD), 158 HCs and 93 IBD patients without PSC were subjected to metagenomic shotgun sequencing, generating 17 billion paired end sequences, which were processed using HUMAnN2 and MetaPhlAn2, and analyzed using generalized linear models and random effects meta-analyses. RESULTS:PSC patients had fewer microbial genes compared to HC (P<.0001). Compared to HC, PSC patients showed enrichment and increased prevalence of Clostridium species, and a depletion of e.g., Eubacterium spp. and Ruminococcus obeum. Patients with PSC showed marked differences in the abundance of genes related to vitamin B6 synthesis and branched chain amino acid (BCAA) synthesis (Qfdr<.05). Targeted metabolomics of plasma from an independent set of PSC patients and controls found reduced concentrations of vitamin B6 and BCAAs in PSC (P<.0001), which strongly associated with reduced liver transplantation-free survival (log-rank P<.001). No taxonomic or functional differences were detected between PSC patients with and without IBD. CONCLUSION:The gut microbiome of PSC patients exhibits large functional differences compared to HC, including microbial metabolism of essential nutrients. Alterations in related circulating metabolites associated with disease course, suggesting that microbial functions may be relevant for the disease process in PSC.

journal_name

Gastroenterology

journal_title

Gastroenterology

authors

Kummen M,Thingholm LB,Rühlemann MC,Holm K,Hansen SH,Moitinho-Silva L,Liwinski T,Zenouzi R,Storm-Larsen C,Midttun Ø,McCann A,Ueland PM,Høivik ML,Vesterhus M,Trøseid M,Laudes M,Lieb W,Karlsen TH,Bang C,Schramm C,Fra

doi

10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.058

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-12-30 00:00:00

eissn

0016-5085

issn

1528-0012

pii

S0016-5085(20)35622-5

pub_type

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Altered gut microbial metabolism of essential nutrients in primary sclerosing cholangitis.