Abstract：
:Quantum degenerate Fermi gases provide a remarkable opportunity to study strongly interacting fermions. In contrast to other Fermi systems, such as superconductors, neutron stars or the quark-gluon plasma of the early Universe, these gases have low densities and their interactions can be precisely controlled over an enormous range. Previous experiments with Fermi gases have revealed condensation of fermion pairs. Although these and other studies were consistent with predictions assuming superfluidity, proof of superfluid behaviour has been elusive. Here we report observations of vortex lattices in a strongly interacting, rotating Fermi gas that provide definitive evidence for superfluidity. The interaction and therefore the pairing strength between two 6Li fermions near a Feshbach resonance can be controlled by an external magnetic field. This allows us to explore the crossover from a Bose-Einstein condensate of molecules to a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superfluid of loosely bound pairs. The crossover is associated with a new form of superfluidity that may provide insights into high-transition-temperature superconductors.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Zwierlein MW,Abo-Shaeer JR,Schirotzek A,Schunck CH,Ketterle Wdoi
10.1038/nature03858keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-06-23 00:00:00pages
1047-51issue
7045eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature03858journal_volume
435pub_type
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