Cell cycle inhibition provides neuroprotection and reduces glial proliferation and scar formation after traumatic brain injury.

abstract：:Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a potent growth factor for T lymphocytes, playing a crucial role in the immune response. In view of the considerable evidence that the immunoregulatory cytokines (or lymphokines) also play a role in the growth and differentiation of cells in the central nervous system (CNS), we examined the ope...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okamoto Y,Minamoto S,Shimizu K,Mogami H,Taniguchi T

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing number of protein structures are found to encompass multiple folding nuclei, allowing their structures to be formed by several competing pathways. A typical example is the ribosomal protein S6, which comprises two folding nuclei (sigma1 and sigma2) defining two competing pathways in the folding energy la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haglund E,Lind J,Oman T,Ohman A,Mäler L,Oliveberg M

更新日期：2009-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients undergoing treatment at a community-based renal dialysis clinic were monitored monthly for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs). Of 160 patients who began treatment HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-), 77 subsequently became HBsAg(+). Once HBsAg(+), males were more likely to remain HBsAg(+) i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： London WT,Drew JS

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Development of the vertebrate eye has been found to require the activity of several genes encoding homeodomain proteins (Freund, C., Horsford, D. J. & McInnes, R. R. (1996) Hum. Mol. Genet. 5, 1471-1488). Some of these genes, or portions thereof, are highly conserved across phyla. In this paper, we report the identifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Furukawa T,Kozak CA,Cepko CL

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) is the most destructive pest of western North American pine forests. Adult males produce frontalin, an eight-carbon antiaggregation pheromone, via the mevalonate pathway, as part of several pheromones that initiate and modulate the mass attack of host trees. F...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Keeling CI,Chiu CC,Aw T,Li M,Henderson H,Tittiger C,Weng HB,Blomquist GJ,Bohlmann J

更新日期：2013-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:In this contribution, we study situations in which nanoparticles in a fluid are strongly heated, generating high heat fluxes. This situation is relevant to experiments in which a fluid is locally heated by using selective absorption of radiation by solid particles. We first study this situation for different types of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Merabia S,Shenogin S,Joly L,Keblinski P,Barrat JL

更新日期：2009-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:For over 40 y the dominant theory of stomatal behavior has been that plants should open stomates until the carbon gained by an infinitesimal additional opening balances the additional water lost times a water price that is constant at least over short periods. This theory has persisted because of its remarkable succes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolf A,Anderegg WR,Pacala SW

更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This report describes an unbiased method for systematically determining gene function in mammalian cells. A total of 20,704 predicted human full-length cDNAs were tested for induction of the IL-8 promoter. A number of genes, including those for cytokines, receptors, adapters, kinases, and transcription factors, were i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iourgenko V,Zhang W,Mickanin C,Daly I,Jiang C,Hexham JM,Orth AP,Miraglia L,Meltzer J,Garza D,Chirn GW,McWhinnie E,Cohen D,Skelton J,Terry R,Yu Y,Bodian D,Buxton FP,Zhu J,Song C,Labow MA

更新日期：2003-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclease resistance and RNA affinity are key criteria in the search for optimal antisense nucleic acid modifications, but the origins of the various levels of resistance to nuclease degradation conferred by chemical modification of DNA and RNA are currently not understood. The 2'-O-aminopropyl (AP)-RNA modification di...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teplova M,Wallace ST,Tereshko V,Minasov G,Symons AM,Cook PD,Manoharan M,Egli M

更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The Notch-signaling pathway controls cellular differentiation, including proliferation and cell death in all higher metazoans (including flies and men). Signal transduction through activated Notch involves the CSL group of transcriptional regulators. Notch signals need to be tightly regulated, and in Drosophila they a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maier D,Nagel AC,Preiss A

更新日期：2002-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:GT-2 is a plant transcriptional activator that contains two separate, but similar, trihelix DNA-binding domains. GT-1 is similar to GT-2, although it contains only one of such domains. cDNAs that encode GT-2 were isolated from rice (OS-GT2) and Arabidopsis (AT-GT2). Evidence is presented for the existence of an Arabid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smalle J,Kurepa J,Haegman M,Gielen J,Van Montagu M,Van Der Straeten D

更新日期：1998-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research and theory suggest that two stable personality dimensions, extroversion and neuroticism, differentially influence emotional reactivity to a variety of pleasurable phenomena. Here, we use event-related functional MRI to address the putative neural and behavioral associations between humor appreciation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mobbs D,Hagan CC,Azim E,Menon V,Reiss AL

更新日期：2005-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the formation and removal of (+-)-3 alpha,4 beta-dihydroxy-1 alpha,2 alpha-epoxy-1,2,3,4- tetrahydrobenzo[c]phenanthrene (BcPHDE)-DNA adducts in two Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. One line of repair-proficient cells (MK42) carries a stable 150-fold amplification of the dihydrofolate reductase (DH...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carothers AM,Zhen W,Mucha J,Zhang YJ,Santella RM,Grunberger D,Bohr VA

更新日期：1992-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Research on tuberculosis and leprosy was revolutionized by the development of a plasmid transformation system in the fast-growing surrogate, Mycobacterium smegmatis. This transformation system was made possible by the successful isolation of a M. smegmatis mutant strain mc(2)155, whose efficient plasmid transformation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Panas MW,Jain P,Yang H,Mitra S,Biswas D,Wattam AR,Letvin NL,Jacobs WR Jr

更新日期：2014-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Intact DNA molecules extracted from HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus 1, human herpes virus 1) strain MP virions have a molecular weight of approximately 97 X 10(6), but cleavage with the HinIII restriction enzyme yields fourteen fragments with summed molecular weights of 160 X 10(6). Six "major" fragments occur once in eve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hayward GS,Jacob RJ,Wadsworth SC,Roizman B

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prions are mammalian proteins (PrPs) with a unique pathogenic property: a nonendogenous isoform PrP(Sc) can catalyze conversion of the endogenous PrP(C) isoform into additional PrP(Sc). In this work, we demonstrate that PrP(C) helix 1 has certain properties (hydrophilicity, charge distribution) that make it unique amo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morrissey MP,Shakhnovich EI

更新日期：1999-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men but has highly variable outcomes, highlighting the need for biomarkers to determine which patients can be managed conservatively. Few large prostate oncogenome resources currently exist that combine the molecular and clinical outcome data necessary to discov...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hieronymus H,Schultz N,Gopalan A,Carver BS,Chang MT,Xiao Y,Heguy A,Huberman K,Bernstein M,Assel M,Murali R,Vickers A,Scardino PT,Sander C,Reuter V,Taylor BS,Sawyers CL

更新日期：2014-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal medullary cells contain high concentrations of myo-inositol, sorbitol, betaine, and glycerophosphocholine, whose levels vary with urinary osmolality. Accumulation of these "compatible" organic osmolytes is believed to help the cells osmoregulate in response to the high extracellular osmolality that occurs as par...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakanishi T,Turner RJ,Burg MB

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) plays a key role in neuronal polarization and axon formation. PIP3-containing vesicles are transported to axon tips by the kinesin KIF13B via an adaptor protein, centaurin α1 (CENTA1). KIF13B interacts with CENTA1 through its forkhead-associated (FHA) domain. We solved th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tong Y,Tempel W,Wang H,Yamada K,Shen L,Senisterra GA,MacKenzie F,Chishti AH,Park HW

更新日期：2010-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of pH on the membrane-fusion activity of Sendai virus was examined (pH 5.0-9.5) by using, as assays of activity, hemolysis of chicken erythrocytes and the fusion of baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells. Exposure of virus to basic pH increased fusion activity; the optimum pH was found to be approximately equal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsu MC,Scheid A,Choppin PW

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The actions of various opioids were examined on calcium action potentials in the cell somata of guinea pig myenteric neurones and on the release of acetylcholine at synapses onto these cells. The opioids morphine, normorphine, and [D-Ala2, MePhe4, Met5(O)]enkephalin-ol caused membrane hyperpolarizations resulting from...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cherubini E,North RA

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Energy relaxation in light-harvesting complexes has been extensively studied by various ultrafast spectroscopic techniques, the fastest processes being in the sub-100-fs range. At the same time, much slower dynamics have been observed in individual complexes by single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy (SMS). In this ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malý P,Gruber JM,Cogdell RJ,Mančal T,van Grondelle R

更新日期：2016-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies from three different lines of monoclonal hybridomas crossreact with both the beta subunit of spectrin and the 90-kDa peptide present in highly purified preparations of the heme-controlled eIF-2 alpha (initiation factor 2 alpha-subunit) kinase from rabbit reticulocytes. Antibodies from two of the three lines...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kudlicki W,Fullilove S,Kramer G,Hardesty B

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When infants and adults communicate, they exchange social signals of availability and communicative intention such as eye gaze. Previous research indicates that when communication is successful, close temporal dependencies arise between adult speakers' and listeners' neural activity. However, it is not known whether s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leong V,Byrne E,Clackson K,Georgieva S,Lam S,Wass S

更新日期：2017-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Bloom syndrome is a disorder of profound and early cancer predisposition in which cells become hypermutable, exhibit high frequency of sister chromatid exchanges, and show increased micronuclei. BLM, the gene mutated in Bloom syndrome, has been cloned previously, and the BLM protein is a member of the RecQ family of D...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imamura O,Campbell JL

更新日期：2003-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Contractile forces are essential for many developmental processes involving cell shape change and tissue deformation. Recent experiments on reconstituted actomyosin networks, the major component of the contractile machinery, have shown that active contractility occurs above a threshold motor concentration and within a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang S,Wolynes PG

更新日期：2012-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Mussels adhere to a variety of surfaces by depositing a highly specific ensemble of 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (DOPA) containing proteins. The adhesive properties of Mytilus edulis foot proteins mfp-1 and mfp-3 were directly measured at the nano-scale by using a surface forces apparatus (SFA). An adhesion energy of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin Q,Gourdon D,Sun C,Holten-Andersen N,Anderson TH,Waite JH,Israelachvili JN

更新日期：2007-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 0.5 microM and above) stimulated the synthesis of prostacyclin (as measured by radioimmunoassay of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha) by bovine aortic smooth muscle cells in culture. This effect was structurally specific; a similar response was not elicited by the other indoles (tryptophan, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coughlin SR,Moskowitz MA,Antoniades HN,Levine L

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) exhibits a remarkably robust and pantropic infectivity, mediated by its coat protein, VSV-G. Using this property, recombinant forms of VSV and VSV-G-pseudotyped viral vectors are being developed for gene therapy, vaccination, and viral oncolysis and are extensively used for gene transd...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Finkelshtein D,Werman A,Novick D,Barak S,Rubinstein M

更新日期：2013-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Caveolin, a 21- to 24-kDa integral membrane protein, is a principal component of caveolae membranes. Caveolin interacts directly with heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) and can functionally regulate their activity. Here, an approximately 20-kDa caveolin-related protein, caveolin-2, was ide...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scherer PE,Okamoto T,Chun M,Nishimoto I,Lodish HF,Lisanti MP

更新日期：1996-01-09 00:00:00