Adaptive evolution in the SRZ chemoreceptor families of Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae.

abstract：:p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) regulates cytokines in arthritis and is, in turn, regulated by MAPK kinase (MKK) 3 and MKK6. To modulate p38 function but potentially minimize toxicity, we evaluated the utility of targeting MKK3 by using MKK3(-/-) mice. These studies showed that TNF-alpha increased phosphor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inoue T,Boyle DL,Corr M,Hammaker D,Davis RJ,Flavell RA,Firestein GS

更新日期：2006-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:An extracellular patch electrode was used to record ionic currents from individual complement-induced channels in the membranes of antibody-coated skeletal muscle. The amplitude of the single-channel currents leads to an estimate of 90 pS for the unit conductance. The kinetics of channel opening and closing show marke...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jackson MB,Stephens CL,Lecar H

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dimers of bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchla) with optical absorption maximum at 853 nm and a nonconservative circular dichroism spectrum are formed in a solution of formamide/water that contains micelles of Triton X-100. The apparent equilibrium constant and the corresponding Gibbs energy change for the Bchl self-organizat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scherz A,Rosenbach-Belkin V

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibroblasts cultured from the skin of a patient with metachromatic leukodystrophy have been found to manifest the biochemical defect of this inborn error of metabolism, a deficiency of arylsulfatase A. Diseased cells had less than five per cent of normal arylsulfatase-A activity, while activities of other lysosomal en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Porter MT,Fluharty AL,Kihara H

更新日期：1969-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that requires preexisiting epithelial injury to cause acute infections. We report that P. aeruginosa inhibits mammalian cytokinesis in a type III secretion system and exotoxin T (ExoT)-dependent manner. ExoT is a bifunctional type III secretion system effector protei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shafikhani SH,Engel J

更新日期：2006-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:During mitochondrial ATP synthesis, F1-ATPase-the portion of the ATP synthase that contains the catalytic and regulatory nucleotide binding sites-undergoes a series of concerted conformational changes that couple proton translocation to the synthesis of the high levels of ATP required for cellular function. In the str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bianchet MA,Hullihen J,Pedersen PL,Amzel LM

更新日期：1998-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Social ties are crucial for physical and mental health. However, psychiatric patients frequently encounter social rejection. Moreover, an increased reactivity to social exclusion influences the development, progression, and treatment of various psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, the neuromodulatory substrates of rej...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Preller KH,Pokorny T,Hock A,Kraehenmann R,Stämpfli P,Seifritz E,Scheidegger M,Vollenweider FX

更新日期：2016-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We present molecular dating analyses for land plants that incorporate 33 fossil calibrations, permit rates of molecular evolution to be uncorrelated across the tree, and take into account uncertainties in phylogenetic relationships and the fossil record. We attached a prior probability to each fossil-based minimum age...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith SA,Beaulieu JM,Donoghue MJ

更新日期：2010-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Facial expressions of emotion in humans are believed to be produced by contracting one's facial muscles, generally called action units. However, the surface of the face is also innervated with a large network of blood vessels. Blood flow variations in these vessels yield visible color changes on the face. Here, we stu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benitez-Quiroz CF,Srinivasan R,Martinez AM

更新日期：2018-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs), which mediate chemo-electric signal transduction in animals, have been recently found in bacteria. Despite clear sequence and 3D structure homology, the phylogenetic distance between prokaryotic and eukaryotic homologs suggests significant structural divergences, especial...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Duret G,Van Renterghem C,Weng Y,Prevost M,Moraga-Cid G,Huon C,Sonner JM,Corringer PJ

更新日期：2011-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The integrase protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is necessary for the stable integration of the viral genome into host DNA. Integrase catalyzes the 3' processing of the linear viral DNA and the subsequent DNA strand transfer reaction that inserts the viral DNA ends into host DNA. Although full-length integ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jenkins TM,Hickman AB,Dyda F,Ghirlando R,Davies DR,Craigie R

更新日期：1995-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In experiments originally designed to examine selective turnover of methylated "caps" in renal mRNA, we observed that [3H]methyl label decayed from mRNA containing poly(A) with a half-life of 1-2 hr. (Caps are blocked, methylated mRNA sequences of the general structure m7GpppNm p(1 or 2)Np.). To distinguish between me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ouellette AJ,Reed SL,Malt RA

更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress and DNA damage have recently been recognized as contributing to the efficacy of most bactericidal antibiotics, irrespective of their primary macromolecular targets. Inhibitors of targets involved in both combating oxidative stress as well as being required for in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tiwari S,van Tonder AJ,Vilchèze C,Mendes V,Thomas SE,Malek A,Chen B,Chen M,Kim J,Blundell TL,Parkhill J,Weinrick B,Berney M,Jacobs WR Jr

更新日期：2018-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a phylogenetic analysis to determine whether a given tRNA molecule was established in evolution before its cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. The earlier appearance of tRNA versus their metabolically related enzymes is a prediction of the RNA world theory, but the available synthetase and tRNA sequences pre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ribas de Pouplana L,Turner RJ,Steer BA,Schimmel P

更新日期：1998-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of anti-peripheral nerve myelin antibody (anti-PNM Ab) in the pathogenesis of acquired demyelination of peripheral nerve is unclear, in part, due to the poor correlation between antibody and disease activity. Previous studies show that only 27-50% of patients with acute demyelinating neuropathy or Guillain-Ba...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Koski CL,Humphrey R,Shin ML

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is central to calcium homeostasis and bone maintenance in vertebrates, and as such it has been used for treating osteoporosis. It acts primarily by binding to its receptor, PTH1R, a member of the class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that also includes receptors for glucagon, calci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pioszak AA,Xu HE

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hurler syndrome (alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency disease) is a severe lysosomal storage disorder that is potentially amenable to enzyme-replacement therapy. Availability of a canine model of the disease and a sufficient supply of corrective enzyme have permitted a therapeutic trial lasting 3 mo. Recombinant human a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shull RM,Kakkis ED,McEntee MF,Kania SA,Jonas AJ,Neufeld EF

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular weight of the major glycoprotein from the human erythrocyte membrane is 29,000, of which 55% is carbohydrate and 45% is protein. The binding of sodium dodecyl sulfate to this glycoprotein is anomalous when compared to water soluble proteins and leads to migration rates in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grefrath SP,Reynolds JA

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is proposed for analyzing fast (10 μs) single-molecule rotation trajectories in F1 adenosinetriphosphatase ([Formula: see text]-ATPase). This method is based on the distribution of jumps in the rotation angle that occur in the transitions during the steps between subsequent catalytic dwells. The method is com...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Volkán-Kacsó S,Le LQ,Zhu K,Su H,Marcus RA

更新日期：2019-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:There is currently an unmet need for versatile techniques to monitor the assembly and dynamics of ternary complexes in live cells. Here we describe bioluminescence resonance energy transfer with fluorescence enhancement by combined transfer (BRETFect), a high-throughput technique that enables robust spectrometric dete...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cotnoir-White D,El Ezzy M,Boulay PL,Rozendaal M,Bouvier M,Gagnon E,Mader S

更新日期：2018-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Equity is of fundamental concern in the quest for international cooperation to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations by the reduction of emissions. By modeling the carbon cycle, we estimate the global CO(2) emissions that would be required to stabilize the atmospheric concentration of CO(2) at levels ranging from 45...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bolin B,Kheshgi HS

更新日期：2001-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:PdxB (erythronate 4-phosphate dehydrogenase) is expected to be required for synthesis of the essential cofactor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) in Escherichia coli Surprisingly, incubation of the ∆pdxB strain in medium containing glucose as a sole carbon source for 10 d resulted in visible turbidity, suggesting that PLP ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim J,Flood JJ,Kristofich MR,Gidfar C,Morgenthaler AB,Fuhrer T,Sauer U,Snyder D,Cooper VS,Ebmeier CC,Old WM,Copley SD

更新日期：2019-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The supernatant fluid (conditioned medium) of cultured human vascular endothelial cells inhibits activation of Hageman factor (factor XII), whether by ellagic acid, bovine brain sulfatides, or bismuth subgallate; inhibition appears to be a property of one or more proteins in the culture supernates. This phenomenon may...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratnoff OD,Everson B,Embury P,Ziats NP,Anderson JM,Emanuelson MM,Malemud CJ

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common chronic human genetic disorder whose hallmark is systemic iron overload. Homozygosity for a mutation in the MHC class I heavy chain paralogue gene HFE has been found to be a primary cause of HH. However, many individuals homozygous for the defective allele of HFE do not deve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sproule TJ,Jazwinska EC,Britton RS,Bacon BR,Fleming RE,Sly WS,Roopenian DC

更新日期：2001-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper shows that proteins display an unexpectedly wide range of behaviors in buffers containing moderate (0.1-10 mM) concentrations of SDS (complete unfolding, formation of stable intermediate states, specific association with SDS, and various kinetic phenomena); capillary electrophoresis provides a convenient me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gudiksen KL,Gitlin I,Whitesides GM

更新日期：2006-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The Caulobacter crescentus flagellum is formed at a specific time in the cell cycle and its assembly requires the ordered expression of a large number of genes. These genes are controlled in a positive trans-acting hierarchy that reflects the order of assembly of the flagellum. Using plasmids carrying transcriptional ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu H,Dingwall A,Shapiro L

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Na(+)-channel inactivation is proposed to occur by binding of an intracellular inactivation gate to a hydrophobic inactivation gate receptor in the intracellular mouth of the pore. Amino acid residues in transmembrane segment S6 of domain IV (IVS6) that are critical for fast inactivation were identified by alanine-sca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McPhee JC,Ragsdale DS,Scheuer T,Catterall WA

更新日期：1994-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Using isotopic tracer methods, we have shown that dihydrolipoic acid (2,3-thioctic acid) acylates the distal oxygen of ferrous oxygenated Pseudomonas cytochrome P-450, forming a transient acyl peroxide intermediate that facilitates oxygen-oxygen bond cleavage. Single-turnover studies with 18O2 indicate one oxygen-18 a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sligar SG,Kennedy KA,Pearson DC

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The amplitude of the CO(2) seasonal cycle at the Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO) increased from the early 1970s to the early 1990s but decreased thereafter despite continued warming over northern continents. Because of its location relative to the large-scale atmospheric circulation, the MLO receives mainly Eurasian air m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buermann W,Lintner BR,Koven CD,Angert A,Pinzon JE,Tucker CJ,Fung IY

更新日期：2007-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) represents one of the most common RNA modifications in eukaryotes. Specific m6A writer, eraser, and reader proteins have been identified. As an m6A eraser, ALKBH5 specifically removes m6A from target mRNAs and inactivation of Alkbh5 leads to male infertility in mice. However, the underlying mo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tang C,Klukovich R,Peng H,Wang Z,Yu T,Zhang Y,Zheng H,Klungland A,Yan W

更新日期：2018-01-09 00:00:00