Abstract:
:Continued questioning of the validity of a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has created uncertainties about its management in the minds of many clinicians and the public. Inaccurate beliefs about the validity of ADHD hinder the clinical care of many ADHD patients and lead to confusion about the need to seek out or accept treatment. Critics describe ADHD as a diagnosis used to label difficult children who are not ill but whose behavior is at the extreme end of normal. They further contend that, far from having a biological basis, ADHD results from poor parenting and ineffective teaching practices. Such attitudes do much to further stigmatize patients and their families and increase the burden of this debilitating condition. This review attempts to address these challenges by presenting evidence to show that ADHD meets the criteria for a valid psychiatric diagnosis. Not only does it cause specific disabling symptoms that frequently persist into adulthood, but many studies show it has a biological basis and a characteristic response to treatment. Such data support the idea that ADHD is a valid diagnostic category.
journal_name
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatryjournal_title
European child & adolescent psychiatryauthors
Faraone SVdoi
10.1007/s00787-005-0429-zkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-02-01 00:00:00pages
1-10issue
1eissn
1018-8827issn
1435-165Xjournal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Kleptomania, an often secret inability to resist the impulse to steal objects not needed for personal use or their monetary value, is an underrecognized disorder that is unknown to many clinicians. Kleptomania has gone virtually non mentioned in the adolescent literature, despite the fact that kleptomania often has it...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s007870200016
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders among school-aged children. It is highly symptomatic and associated with significant impairment. This review examines the role of stimulant medications in the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD. Publishe...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00787-012-0286-5
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigation of frequency and characteristics of violent deliberate self-harm (DSH) amongst adolescents. Study was retrospective, over 3-year period, based on records of attendees at child and adolescent mental health clinics in North West London. Nine adolescents showed violent self-harm out of 982 DSH cases (freque...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-006-0543-6
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared four instruments commonly used to screen for and diagnose Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children. The Bergen Child Study included a DSM-IV ADHD symptom list and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) as screen in Phase one. Phase two included the parent Development and Well...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-013-0442-6
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to identify clinical subgroups in children with childhood autism and to examine comorbidity in each subgroup. The study was based on medical records of 30 inpatients referred to a specialist ward for children with pervasive developmental disorders. Eighteen consecutive patients with an ...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s007870050110
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is increasing evidence that prenatal stressful life events (SLEs) may be a potential risk factor for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the sex-specific and time-dependent effects of prenatal stress on ADHD are less clear. In this prospective longitudinal study, data on prenatal SLEs during dif...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-015-0701-9
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::While slow processing speed (PS) is well documented in youth with ADHD, growing evidence suggests that this difficulty affects children with other neuropsychiatric conditions. Clarifying the relationship between slow PS and different forms of psychopathology is important clinically, given the potential impact of PS on...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-019-01455-w
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main aim of this study was to examine the moderating effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on anxiety disorders in children. Data were analyzed from a large referred sample of children with anxiety disorder without comorbid ADHD (anxiety disorder, N = 253), anxiety disorder plus comorbid ADHD ...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-009-0041-8
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebral effect of the loss of body weight in Anorexia nervosa (A.n.)--the so-called 'pseudoatrophy'-- is well known and confirmed by several neuroimaging studies. Another subject of intensive research has been whether A.n. leads to specific cognitive impairments, especially of intelligence. However, there are no ...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s007870070005
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the International Collaborative Outcome Study of Eating Disorders in Adolescence (ICOSEDA) we studied the clinical features, treatment, and outcome in consecutive cohorts of adolescent patients at five sites in former West Berlin and East Berlin, Zurich, Sofia and Bucharest. A total of N = 242 patients were fol...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s00787-003-1112-x
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary purpose of this study was to investigate autistic children's scripts for social routines. Scripts specify familiar events in terms of who does what, when, to whom, and why. Scripts are verbalizations of mental event representations, containing and organizing generalized knowledge of how the world works. Sc...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s007870050082
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study assessed the prevalence of selective mutism among second graders in elementary school, and examined related issues such as the situations in which the children refuse to speak, their performance level at school, and some temperamental/behavioural characteristics of these children. METHOD:A definit...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s007870050041
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assesses family stress, family functioning and emotional/behavioural problems in a sample of 80 formerly daytreated or residentially treated boys after a mean discharge period of four years. Family stress was assessed with a Questionnaire of Life Events (QLE) and family functioning with the Family Adaptabil...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01987963
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present study investigated the relationship between daytime symptomatology and nightmare frequency in school-aged children by eliciting daytime symptoms and nightmare frequency from children directly in addition to questionnaires completed by their parents. METHODS:A sample of 4,834 parents and 4,531 of ...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-008-0697-5
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to investigate the potential association of epilepsy and EEG abnormalities with autistic regression and mental retardation. We examined a group of 77 autistic children (61 boys, 16 girls) with an average age of 9.1 +/- 5.3 years. Clinical interview, neurological examination focused on the eval...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-004-0353-7
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To explore behavioral differences as possible cultural factors in presentation of psychiatric comorbidity in two clinically referred, consecutively ascertained samples of youth with Tourette's disorder (TD) from New York and Buenos Aires. Subjects were evaluated between 2002 and 2010 at the Tics and Tourette's Clinica...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-013-0406-x
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have demonstrated associations between neuropsychiatric disorders, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the immune system, including autoimmune diseases. Since ADHD and many autoimmune diseases show sex-specific properties, such associations may also differ by sex. Using Norwegi...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-017-1056-1
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of public health interventions aimed at increasing the uptake of breastfeeding are in place in the United States and other Western countries. While the physical health and nutritional benefits of breastfeeding for the mother and child are relatively well established, the evidence for psychological effects is ...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/s00787-011-0224-y
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To develop an evidence base for using antipsychotic medications for schizophrenia in children and adolescents. METHOD:Data sources were identified in PsychINFO (1872-2003), MEDLINE (1966-2003), and articles in reference lists. Study selection criteria: (1) treatment with antipsychotics; (2) ages were betwee...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1007/s00787-005-0515-2
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine people from the high functioning end of the autistic spectrum and eight non-handicapped controls matched on verbal IQ were given two tests of second-order false belief understanding. On the basis of previous research, it was hypothesised that the subjects with autism used different mechanisms to process mental st...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00538988
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autonomic activity and respiration were studied in Rett syndrome (RS) and age matched controls. Breathing movements were monitored using a pletysmograph around the chest. Sympathetic activity was monitored by measuring blood pressure (BP) using the Finapres. Cardiac parasympathetic activity was monitored by measuring ...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were, firstly, to study the association between parents' and teachers' ratings for the Finnish version of the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), secondly, to find out whether the original cut-off scores of the ASSQ identify primary school-aged children with Asperger syndrome (AS) or...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-009-0044-5
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suicide in adolescents is the second most common cause of death in this age group and an important public health problem. We examined sociodemographic factors associated with suicide in Swiss adolescents and analysed time trends in youth suicide in the Swiss National Cohort (SNC). The SNC is a longitudinal study of th...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-017-1019-6
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information on behavior of children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and the effect of growth hormone (GH) treatment is scarce. Parents report less problem behavior during GH treatment. Forty-two pre-pubertal children, aged 3.5-14 years were studied in a randomized controlled GH trial (RCT) during 2 years, followed by...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0662-4
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite sizeable short-term effects of neurofeedback (NF) therapy on attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), longer-term clinical, comorbidity and self-regulation outcomes are less systematically studied. The aim of this largest NF follow-up to date was to evaluate these outcomes 6 months after NF compare...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00787-018-01271-8
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0551-x
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Higher levels of anger expression, as well as lower levels of anger control, have been reported for adults with anxiety disorders compared to individuals without anxiety disorders. Different to the research on adults, very few studies examined the relationship between anxiety and anger in childhood. In our study, we i...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01543-2
更新日期:2020-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that neurotrophins are involved in the etiopathogenesis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and neu...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented changes in the lives of 1.6 billion children and adolescents. First non-representative studies from China, India, Brazil, the US, Spain, Italy, and Germany pointed to a negative mental health impact. The current study is the first nationwide representative study to invest...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00787-021-01726-5
更新日期:2021-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Functional enuresis is a heterogeneous group of syndromes with different aetiology and pathophysiology. The aim was to identify specific somatic correlates of enuresis non-invasively in child psychiatric patients after exclusion of neurologic and structural forms of incontinence. One hundred sixty-seven consecutive ch...
journal_title:European child & adolescent psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s007870050092
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00