Abstract:
:It has been suggested that ambient lighting at night influences eye growth and might play a causal role in human myopia. To test this hypothesis, we reared newly hatched chicks under 12 hr light-dark or light-dim cycles with a light phase intensity of 1500 microW/cm(2) and variable dim phase intensities between 0.01 and 500 microW/cm(2). Other chicks were reared under constant light conditions with intensities between 1 and 1500 microW/cm(2). After three weeks, the chicks were examined by refractometry, ultrasound and caliper measurements of enucleated eyes. To relate ocular parameters with a retinal neurotransmitter likely involved in eye growth control, retinal and vitreal levels of dopamine and its principal metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection in the light, dark and dim phases. Diurnal fluctuations in axial length and choroidal thickness also were measured twice daily by partial coherence interferometry (PCI) in chicks under light-dark and the two brightest light-dim conditions. The eyes of chicks reared under most light-dim conditions had refractions and ocular dimensions comparable to those reared under light-dark conditions. At dim phase light intensities of 10 microW/cm(2) and above, the day-night changes in retinal dopamine metabolism were not observed. The daily fluctuations of axial length and choroidal thickness were altered with rearing under the two brightest dim light intensities, compared to the light-dark condition. Rearing under constant light with intensities ranging between 1 and 1500 microW/cm(2) produced a shallow anterior chamber and other eye alterations previously described for constant light rearing even though rearing under continuous light that fluctuated between these same intensities generally permitted normal eye growth. Thus, continuous but fluctuating light exerts different developmental effects on the eye than constant non-fluctuating light. Light-dim rearing may be more relevant to daily human light exposures than other laboratory lighting conditions and may provide an opportunity to study developmental interactions of visual quality (e.g. blur, defocus, etc.) and features of the light-dark cycle under conditions that perturb daily rhythms in dopamine metabolism and ocular dimensions. Such studies also could provide mechanistic insights into whether and how daily rhythms in retinal dopamine metabolism, axial length or choroidal thickness modulate refractive development.
journal_name
Exp Eye Resjournal_title
Experimental eye researchauthors
Liu J,Pendrak K,Capehart C,Sugimoto R,Schmid GF,Stone RAdoi
10.1016/j.exer.2004.08.007keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-11-01 00:00:00pages
719-28issue
5eissn
0014-4835issn
1096-0007pii
S0014-4835(04)00225-8journal_volume
79pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A proteinase from human lens membrane was purified by a procedure previously developed for a similar proteinase from bovine lenses (Srivastava, 1988a). The purification of the human proteinase was achieved by solubilization of the enzyme from membranes with 2% sodium deoxycholate followed by two consecutive passages t...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(89)80067-3
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of different diffusion times of mitomycin-C (MMC) on the intrascleral concentration vs depth profile of MMC in an experimental model. Scleral quadrants of eight human donor eyes were exposed to sponges soaked with MMC for an application time of 1 min. After irrig...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.2000.0901
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study sought to pharmacologically characterize bradykinin receptors on SV40-immortalized human trabecular meshwork (HTM3) cells. Phosphoinositide (PI) turnover studies were conducted using [3H]myo-inositol-labeled HTM3 cells and anion exchange chromatography to quantify [3H]inositol phosphates generated in respon...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1996.0157
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice are now routinely utilized in studies of aqueous humor outflow dynamics. In particular, conventional aqueous outflow facility (C) is routinely measured via perfusion of the aqueous chamber by a number of laboratories. However, in mouse eyes perfused ex-vivo, values for C are variable depending upon whether the pe...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2017.08.011
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chelating agent Na2EDTA was perfused through the anterior chambers of monkeys eyes in an attempt to find a concentration that would cause a rise in outflow facility without harming the cornea or anterior uvea. Na2EDTA (0.5 mM) proved effective in increasing the facility within 60 min. There were marked effects on ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(87)80002-7
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-one trabeculectomy specimens of patients suffering from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who had received no, or only minor, medication prior to surgery were ultrastructurally and quantitatively analysed. Most of the specimens revealed thickened trabeculae, increased amounts of plaque-material deposited withi...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1993.1085
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contact inhibition is an important mechanism for maintaining corneal endothelium in a non-replicative state. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play a role in regulating the integrity of cell-cell contacts, differentiation, and growth. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether phosphatases are involved in the main...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.03.015
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes and a leading cause of vision loss among working-age adults. To assess whether the Wistar rat with Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes is a suitable animal model of human proliferative diabetic retinopathy we evaluated the vascular changes to assess the diabetic ret...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.025
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of a synthetic material allowing increased cellular adhesion and ingrowth would improve keratoprosthetic devices and requires an understanding of cell colonization processes. Interlamellar implantation of hydrophobic synthetic material may lead to poor corneal nutrition with subsequent necrosis. The pr...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1994.1193
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocannabinoid system involves in neuroprotective effects on the central neural system. The cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) is widely expressed in the mouse retina. However, the role of cannabinoid receptors in the retina remains unclear. In this work, we established a photoreceptor degeneration mouse model via N-methy...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2017.11.001
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biochemical alterations in the composition of retinal capillary basement membrane components were investigated in galactosemic rats, an animal model that develops basement membrane lesions comparable to those of diabetic retinopathy. Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats fed a 30% galactose diet for 9 months developed signif...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(90)90211-c
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of a 'soft' anti-inflammatory corticosteroid on the corneal wound healing was investigated in rabbits. Albino rabbits were treated with soft steroid and dexamethasone after linear perforating corneal incision. Soft drug design is aimed to control and direct the drug activity and in vivo metabolism to nontox...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(90)90229-n
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-mobility group Box-1 (HMGB1) is known to be released from injured cells and to induce an inflammatory response. Although HMGB1 was reported to mediate ischemia-reperfusion injury of the brain, its role in glutamate excitotoxicity of the retina remains controversial. Here, the authors demonstrated the evidence tha...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.06.003
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Racemisation of amino acids is one of the most abundant modifications in long-lived proteins. In this study racemisation of Asp 58 in the small heat shock protein, αA crystallin, was investigated. In normal human lenses, levels of l-isoAsp, d-isoAsp and d-Asp increased with age, such that by age 70 they accounted for ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2012.10.013
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proteasomal pathway is responsible for processes essential for cell viability, including the selective degradation of oxidized proteins. An age-dependent loss in proteasome function has been reported in many tissues, but has not been examined in the retina. In this study, we evaluated proteasome function and prote...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The causal mechanism of light damage in the albino rat retina has been investigated. Male and female albino Wistar rats weighing 200-300 g and previously maintained in normal room lighting of approximately 15 hr light (0.85 +/- 0.05 X 10(-4) W cm-2) per 9 hr dark cycle were simultaneously exposed continuously to unifo...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(86)90012-6
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Certain mutations in optineurin (gene OPTN) are associated with primary open angle glaucoma. Optineurin is ubiquitously expressed but it shows high level of expression in certain cells and tissues including retinal ganglion cells. It interacts with many proteins, often acting as an adaptor to link two or more proteins...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.08.020
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although primary cultures of human lens epithelial (HLE) cells provide important information concerning the role of epithelium in normal lens and cataract formation, the lack of a cell line precludes a broad range of studies on the metabolism and molecular biology of these cells. We have, therefore developed an HLE ce...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1998.0551
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the nature of the 140 kDa glycoprotein in the trabecular meshwork, polypeptides were extracted with either urea/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/beta-2-mercaptoethanol (BME) or guanidine hydrochloride followed by pepsin digestion. After electrophoresis and immunoblotting with anti-type-VI-collagen antibodie...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1994.1006
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In response to injury, the adult mammalian retina shows signs of structural remodeling, possibly in an attempt to preserve or regain some of its functional neural connections. In order to study the mechanisms involved in injury-induced plasticity, we have studied changes in growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43) after ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2007.01.006
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Keratoconus is a debilitating corneal thinning disease that principally develops in the second and third decades of life. Our group previously developed a novel approach to studying keratoconus, based on the observation that there is a gradient of damage across the keratoconic cone. We identified a number of cellular ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(03)00148-9
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mounting evidence suggests neuroinflammation is a key process in glaucoma, yet the precise roles are not known. Understanding these complex processes, which may also be a key in other common neurodegenerations such as Alzheimer's disease, will lead to targeted therapeutics for a disease that affects as many as 80 mill...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2017.02.014
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myofibroblast development and haze generation in the corneal stroma is mediated by cytokines, including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and possibly other cytokines. This study examined the effects of stromal PDGF-beta blockade on the development of myofibroblasts in response to -9.0 diopter photorefractiv...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2008.12.006
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An enzymatic procedure for the estimation of organic hydroperoxides has been adapted to biological tissues and applied to the measurement of hydroperoxides in the rat retina. Hydroperoxides are determined from the coupled activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase as measured by the loss of NADPH a...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(83)90116-1
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The localization of [35S]-sulfate and [3H]-glucosamine in the hamster non-pigmented ciliary epithelium was studied by light and electron microscopic autoradiography. The radioactivity was concentrated in the Golgi complex of the non-pigmented ciliary epithelium 10 mins after injections of [35S]-sulfate or [3H]-glucosa...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(83)90009-x
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been reported that chymase activity was increased in allergic conjunctivitis patients and this activity was correlated with the severity of the disease. However, the precise roles of chymase in allergic conjunctivitis are unclear, and whether chymase inhibitors are effective for allergic conjunctivitis has not ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2013.05.015
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultraviolet A (UVA) light-based photoactivation of riboflavin (Rf) to induce corneal crosslinking (CXL) and mechanical stiffening is now a well-known treatment for corneal ectasia and Keratoconus that is being used in a topographically guided photorefractive intrastromal CXL (PiXL) procedure to treat low degrees of re...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.exer.2020.108199
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have determined the pattern of RNA labeling (uridine incorporation) in the normal retina of the domestic cat. One eye in each of eight cats was labeled by injecting [3H]uridine into the vitreous cavity. Two of the labeled eyes had the lens and vitreous removed 10 days before labeling. Three additional animals recei...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(90)90066-4
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Basement membranes isolated from the entire neural retinae of normal cows consist of a heterogeneous mixture of polypeptides resolvable as two major populations, one collagenous and the other non-collagenous. The non-collagenous population consists of disulfide-bonded aggregates of which the major fraction is soluble ...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4835(83)90010-6
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro and in vivo effects of a new immunomodulating agent, bucillamine, on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) was studied in the rat. The capacity of S-antigen-sensitized lymphocytes to proliferate in response to the antigen or to produce antigen-specific antibodies was significantly suppressed by bucillamin...
journal_title:Experimental eye research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exer.1994.1036
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00