Abstract：
:To clarify further the role of chemotaxis in Helicobacter pylori colonization, the in vitro bacterium response to human plasma and bile (secretions containing chemoeffector compounds that are present in the gastric mucus layer) was examined. Human plasma, after dilution to 1 % (v/v) with buffer, was found to be a chemoattractant for the motile bacillus. Human gall-bladder bile, after dilution to 2 % (v/v) with buffer, was found to be a chemorepellent, but did not cause the motility of the bacillus to be diminished after prolonged exposure. The basis of the chemoattractant effect of plasma was explored by examining how urea and 12 amino acids found in plasma affected the taxis of H. pylori. Urea and the amino acids histidine, glutamine, glycine and arginine were the strongest chemoattractants. Other amino acids were chemoattractants, with the exceptions of aspartic and glutamic acids, which were chemorepellents. The basis of the chemorepellent effect of bile was explored by examining how the six most abundant conjugated bile acids in human bile affected the taxis of H. pylori. All the bile acids were chemorepellents, with the greatest effects being demonstrated by taurocholic and taurodeoxycholic acids. The implications of these findings for H. pylori colonization of gastric epithelium are discussed.
journal_name
J Med Microbioljournal_title
Journal of medical microbiologyauthors
Worku ML,Karim QN,Spencer J,Sidebotham RLdoi
10.1099/jmm.0.45636-0keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-08-01 00:00:00pages
807-811issue
Pt 8eissn
0022-2615issn
1473-5644journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The virulence of Haemophilus influenzae type c when inoculated intracisternally (i.c.) into rabbits was evaluated. Rabbits are relatively resistant to infection with H. influenzae type b, such that inocula of the order of 10(6-9) cfu are required to produce meningitis in this model. In contrast, fatal meningitis was p...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-36-5-312
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of increasing global concern, threatening to undermine recent progress in reducing child and neonatal mortality. Repurposing older antimicrobials is a prominent strategy to combat multidrug-resistant sepsis. A potential agent is fosfomycin, however, there is scarce data regardi...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.000973
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to evaluate the role of biofilm morphology, matrix content and surface hydrophobicity in the biofilm-forming capacity of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida (NAC) spp. Biofilm formation was determined by microtitre plate assay and bright-field and scanning electron microscopy. The matrix ...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.000747
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bedaquiline (BDQ) has been proven to be effective in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. We hypothesized that BDQ could be a potential agent to treat nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of BDQ against rapidly growing mycobacteri...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.000537
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Invasive infections caused by Brevundimonas vesicularis are very rare in humans. We experienced an unusual case of liver abscess due to B. vesicularis in an immunocompetent young male. The patient was successfully treated by liver abscess drainage and with antimicrobial therapy of ceftriaxone followed by ampicillin/su...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.045120-0
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tests with 140 strains representing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, K. ozaenae, Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. rettgeri and P. morganii in a defined medium supplemented with 0-09M dimethylamine (DMA) and 0-1M potassium nitrate showed that at least 89% of the 136 strains able to reduce nitrates produced up ...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-9-2-211
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin and kanamycin (GmrTmrKmr) in strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical sources in Australia is mediated by a 4.7 kb transposable element, designated Tn4001. A 2.5 kb HindIII fragment which maps symmetrically within Tn4001, and encompasses the aminoglycoside-resistance...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-23-2-101
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bactericidal action of non-immune whole blood on Proteus mirabilis was increased when the bacteria contained the R-plasmid RP1. This effect was due mainly to increased phagocytosis. Iron-depleted stationary-phase cells were more sensitive than carbon-depleted cells. The contribution of serum was usually negligible...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-24-3-233
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Candida biofilm infections are frequently linked to the use of biomaterials and are of clinical significance because they are commonly resistant to antifungals. Clioquinol is an antiseptic drug and is effective against multidrug-resistant Candida. We investigated the effect of clioquinol and two other 8-hydroxy...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.000850
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty-six closed abcesses in the subcutis of cats were examined. Of 168 bacterial strains isolated, 121(72%) were anaerobes and 47 (28%) were facultative anaerobes. Twenty-six abscesses contained mixtures of facultative anaerobes and anaerobes, six contained anaerobes only and four contained facultative anaerobes onl...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-12-2-207
更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A solid-phase radioimmunoassay was used to detect IgG antibodies against herpes-simplex virus antigens (capsid, envelope and excreted) and against measles virus antigen in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of 61 patients with no evidence of infectious or demyelinating disease of the central nervous system....
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-10-4-431
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The analytical performance of the cobas 6800 HIV-1, HBV and HCV assays was verified and evaluated to the COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan assays. METHODOLOGY:The precision, limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantification (LoQ) and linearity were verified using pooled residual clinical samples. The analytical spe...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.000838
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Competition, competitive exclusion and displacement of eight strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus casei Shirota from adhesion on human intestinal mucus glycoproteins and Caco-2 cell surfaces were studied. Lactobacilli were able to compete with, exclude and dis...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.05009-0
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the immunoglobulin response to individual viral polypeptides in experimental primary and secondary infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 in mice. After a single footpad inoculation with 10(5.6) pfu of HSV-1, immunoglobulin to proteins mol. wts (10(3)) 44 and 75 appeared on day 7. Antibodies to gB, gC,...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-25-1-59
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study the importance of Providencia species as a cause of travellers' diarrhoea was examined using a selective medium developed by the authors. Providencia species could easily be distinguished from other enteric pathogens by the colour of the colonies obtained. Nine strains of Providencia alcalifaciens, nine ...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.45846-0
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of chlamydial DNA determined by PCR and in-situ hybridisation (ISH) in fresh tissue specimens (endometrium, fallopian tube and ovary) was investigated in 33 women presenting with ectopic pregnancy (EP), 14 women with tubal factor infertility (TFI) and 50 control patients from the UK and the West Indies....
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/0022-1317-50-10-902
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single-copy gene, designated TruMDR2, encoding an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter was cloned and sequenced from the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum. The ORF of TruMDR2 was 4048 nt and the deduced amino acid sequence showed high homology with ABC transporters involved in drug efflux in other fungi. The encode...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.46522-0
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Terminal restriction fragment-length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis was applied to characterize oral bacterial flora in saliva from 18 healthy subjects and 18 patients with periodontitis. The 16S rRNA genes (rDNAs) of oral bacteria and spirochaetes in saliva were amplified by PCR with a 6'carboxy-fluorescein (6-FAM)-l...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.04991-0
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:In this study, we aimed to investigate the genomic characteristics and evolution of pathogenicity islands of an enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strain, and to obtain a transcriptional profile of EPEC under different concentrations of ciprofloxacin using microarray analysis. METHODOLOGY:The complete EP...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.000790
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One hundred and twenty consecutive isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from the County of Avon, UK, were examined by auxotyping and penicillin susceptibility testing. Requirements for proline (Pro), arginine (Arg), hypoxanthine (Hyp), uracil (Ura) and methionine (Met) were determined with a modified Heckels' medium. Pro...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-16-3-295
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Staphylococcus epidermidis is the predominant contaminant of platelet concentrates (PCs), a blood product used to treat patients with platelet deficiencies. This microorganism is able to form surface-attached aggregates (biofilms) in human skin. Herein, the abundance of S. epidermidis biofilm-producers in conta...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.000673
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bifidobacteria are dominant in the gut of full-term infants, although colonisation by them is often delayed in preterm neonates. Bifidobacteria are recognised to have beneficial effects on digestive disorders and they might prevent neonatal necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), a gastrointestinal disease that predominantly...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-48-1-89
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six-week-old lambs were inoculated orally with 10(9) cfu of an antibiotic-resistance marked four-strain mixture of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 to investigate faecal excretion and intestinal colonisation. In the first experiment, three E. coli O157:H7 isolates were not detected in the faeces of a...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/0022-1317-51-12-1032
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CaNdt80p, the Candida albicans homologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcription factor ScNdt80p, has been identified as a positive regulator of CDR1, which encodes an efflux pump involved in drug resistance in C. albicans. To investigate the involvement of the putative DNA-binding domain of CaNdt80p in drug res...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.46650-0
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The surface structures of the cell envelopes of 16 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were examined by electronmicroscopy with the new fixation technique of freeze-substitution. Two types of structures were observed among the organisms. In one group of strains, mostly isolated from blood, a dense fibrous laye...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-40-4-282
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The growth of 29 strains of Acinetobacter spp. on semi-solid media was studied; 19 showed surface swarming and 14 produced channels ("ditches") in the agar that do not seem to have been described previously. An attempt was made to define the cultural and physical conditions for the demonstration of these phenomena. Po...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/00222615-8-3-443
更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Members of the genus Actinomyces, Gram-positive, non-spore-forming anaerobic bacteria, are normal inhabitants of the mucosal surfaces of the oral, gastrointestinal and genital tracts. Identification of these bacteria using conventional methods is generally difficult because of their complex transport and growth requir...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.053165-0
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mucosal immunity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a primary defence against GI pathogens. We hypothesise that a mucosal response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), especially to the common (core) determinants of GI pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, is protective. The aims of this study were to investigate the specif...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/0022-1317-50-4-345
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cornyeform bacterium was isolated from a blood culture from a 24-year-old man with familial hypertrophic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy, chronic abuse of anabolic steroids and prior admission to hospital because of clinical signs of sepsis. 16S rRNA gene analysis unambiguously identified Gordonia terrae. ...
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.47388-0
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cryptococcosis causes disseminated disease in AIDS patients. In contrast to what occurs in laboratory conditions, a large capsule is produced by Cryptococcus neoformans in vivo during infection. The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro activity of different antifungal agents against 34 clinical isolates of C....
journal_title：Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1099/jmm.0.036152-0
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
