Abstract:
:Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) is the monomer and most important contact allergen in epoxy resin(s) based on bisphenol A (DGEBA-R). Both thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods are available for the analysis of products containing DGEBA-R. With respect to detection and quantification, epoxy resins of the bisphenol F-type, i.e. epoxy resins containing the isomers of diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol F (DGEBF), are not as well investigated as DGEBA-R. The isomers of DGEBF are p,p'-DGEBF, o,p'-DGEBF and o,o'-DGEBF. Both p,p'-DGEBF and o,p'-DGEBF have been shown to be contact allergens in humans, and all 3 isomers are sensitizers in the guinea pig maximization test. We aimed (i). to develop HPLC methods for separation and purification of the individual DGEBF isomers, (ii). to detect and quantify the DGEBF isomers in epoxy resins of the bisphenol F-type and (iii). to evaluate and develop the TLC as a method for the detection of the DGEBF monomers. We found the total content of the DGEBF isomers in the investigated epoxy resins of the bisphenol F-type to vary from 17.0 to 81.7% w/w. Some of them also contained 0.1-2.4% w/w DGEBA. The HPLC method showed a sensitivity that was 2000-20 000x higher than that obtained with the TLC method for the DGEBF monomers. We concluded that the range of the DGEBF isomer content in epoxy resins of the bisphenol F-type is approximately the same as the monomer content in liquid compared to solid DGEBA-R. The relevance of contact allergy to DGEBA-R can remain unrecognized if the suspected product is an epoxy resin of the bisphenol F-type, which is analysed with the TLC method.
journal_name
Contact Dermatitisjournal_title
Contact dermatitisauthors
Pontén A,Zimerson E,Sörensen O,Bruze Mdoi
10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00319.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-05-01 00:00:00pages
289-97issue
5eissn
0105-1873issn
1600-0536pii
COD319journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Late reactions to iodinated contrast media are frequent. Cutaneous manifestations are the commonest, in which maculopapular exanthema, a type of cutaneous presentation, is widespread. Controversy exists about the utility of the skin test in the management of these reactions. The aim of this study is to analyse the cli...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2006.00957.x
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a plant producing advanced components for engines and drivelines we undertook a survey of occupational dermatoses, based on a questionnaire, clinical examination, and patch testing with a standard series and a series of samples from the working environment. The questionnaire was given to all 430 employees and it wa...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2003.480205.x
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the frequency of irritant contact dermatitis, very little is known about the duration of barrier function impairment following cumulative irritant contact dermatitis. We studied post-irritation irritant reactivity by assessing the response to SLS irritation in previously irritated sites. Cumulative irritant co...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00725.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::2 groups of patients were patch tested with a standard series of allergens. 1 group of 159 individuals aged 24-44 years had a history of severe atopic dermatitis, and the other group of 130 individuals in the same age range, had had moderate atopic dermatitis in childhood. In group 1, positive reactions were recorded ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1985.tb02483.x
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Two readings of patch test reactions are recommended. Objectives. To evaluate the outcome of a second patch test reading of TRUE Test® allergens on D6/7 in relation to negative or doubtful reactions on D3/4. Methods. This was a retrospective investigation of patch test data from January 1992 to October 201...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cod.12004
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lanolin has been tested as lanolin alcohols (30% pet.) in baseline patch test series since 1969, and this has shown clinically relevant allergic contact dermatitis cases. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the temporal development of lanolin allergy (i.e. positive reaction to lanolin alcohols and/or Amerchol™ L-101)...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cod.12872
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Imidazolidinyl urea releases formaldehyde through decomposition. However, there have been few reports on the chemistry of imidazolidinyl urea in cosmetics. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to characterize imidazolidinyl urea-derived compounds in cosmetics and to determine which compounds are responsible...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2012.02073.x
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A popular "skin protector" consisting of an emulsion-like foam of lipophilic and hydrophilic substances (Marly skin) was evaluated in a previously described repetitive irritation guinea pig model. The product failed to inhibit the irritation due to sodium lauryl sulphate and toluene. In striking contrast to the recomm...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03486.x
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we have investigated 42 cosmetic products based on natural ingredients for content of 11 fragrance substances: geraniol, hydroxycitronellal, eugenol, isoeugenol, cinnamic aldehyde, cinnamic alcohol, alpha-amylcinnamic aldehyde, citral, coumarin, dihydrocoumarin and alpha-hexylcinnamic aldehyde. T...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02246.x
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible interference of neighbouring allergic patch-test reactions is still an open question. In this study, we investigated whether there is a distance-related mutual modification of neighbouring allergic patch-test reactions to nickel sulfate and potassium dichromate. We used a double-blind multicentre study de...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2000.043003144.x
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contact allergy to dental materials is poorly understood; clinical manifestations are heterogeneous. OBJECTIVE:To analyse positive patch test reactions to metals (as their alloys or salts) used in dentistry together with clinical symptoms and possible relevance to dental fillings. METHODS:We retrospectivel...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01524.x
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contact urticaria to potato was confirmed by skin testing in a 26-year-old male with atopic dermatitis, birch-pollen rhinoconjunctivitis and a history of immediate finger itching upon handling raw potato. The potato peel was non-reactive. The urticarial reactivity to potato could be transferred by the patient's serum ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04315.x
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to assess occupational hazards to the farmer's skin associated with processing thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). 46 farmers were studied during the threshing of dried thyme. They were questioned about work-related skin problems and examined before and after work. In all persons, serum thyme-specific...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.044004235.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patch testing was carried out in 851 atopic patients; 181 atopic dermatitis (AD) patients were additionally tested with 50% dilutions of the test substances. The occurrence of allergic and irritant reactions was frequent, being 57% and 33% for AD patients aged 28-41 years and 19-27 years, respectively. Among age-match...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00235.x
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Piroxicam (PXM) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug which may induce a photosensitive eruption shortly after administration. We examined whether animals sensitized to thimerosal developed a photosensitivity to PXM. Male Hartley strain guinea pigs were sensitized to thimerosal, thiosalicylate and PXM separately. T...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1991.tb01769.x
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Japanese lacquer is made from the sap of the Japanese lacquer tree (Toxicodendron vernicifluum), a member of the Anacardiacae plant family. Objects painted with this material are described collectively as lacquerware. Both fresh lacquer and lacquerware may evoke allergic contact reactions ascribable to the urushiols c...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb03254.x
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies investigating chromium allergy have been performed with Cr(VI). However, real exposure to chromium from leather products includes both Cr(III) and Cr(VI). We have determined and compared the minimum elicitation threshold (MET) concentration for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in Cr(VI)-sensitive patients. In addition,...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0105-1873.2003.0230.x
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Corticosteroids (CS), anti-inflammatory drugs also widely used to treat various allergic diseases, may themselves give rise to immediate and delayed allergic hypersensitivity reactions. OBJECTIVES:To realise an appropriate diagnostic work-up in order to determine the CS-allergic patient's sensitization/tole...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.01967.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The preservative methyldibromo glutaronitrile (MDBGN) has been banned, first from stay-on, and later from rinse-off cosmetics, in the EU countries because of increasing rates of contact allergy. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the frequency of contact allergy to MDBGN among patients patch tested by the Danish Contac...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01364.x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine models for the assessment of the contact sensitizing properties of chemicals rely on mouse ear swelling tests (Mest), which are not sensitive enough to detect weak sensitizers. The aim of the present study was to develop in mice an adjuvant-free Mest appropriate for in vivo detection of any type of sensitizer (...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb00650.x
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient is described with a pigmentary dermatitis of the face with histological features of a lichenoid reaction, which proved to be a photocontact dermatitis to musk ambrette. Photopatch tests produced a pigmented dermatitis that reflected the clinical and histological features of a lichenoid reaction, which occurr...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1987.tb01406.x
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of contact sensitivity to standard allergens present in the daily environment, such as chromium ion, cobalt, nickel and formaldehyde, is found to decrease in the fourth decade. It strongly suggests the presence of some immunoregulation in human beings, because sensitivity to these allergens should be equ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1979.tb04910.x
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a study of sickness absence due to occupational dermatoses among 360 construction workers in a prefabrication construction factory in 1984, we found 3 workers with allergic contact dermatitis from chromate in cement who required medical leave. There were 5 sickness absence spells due to occupational dermatoses and ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1986.tb01257.x
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the incidence of occupational dermatitis and transepidermal water vapour loss (TEWL) changes from cutting fluids (neat mineral oils) in 24 new machinists with 27 armed forces paramedics (controls) over a 6-month period. The cumulative incidence of occupational dermatitis in positive controls increased from...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1994.tb01929.x
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contact urticaria (CU) and protein contact dermatitis (PCD) are mainly induced by an immediate, IgE-mediated immunological mechanism. Immediate sensitization is also linked to asthma and/or allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVES:To report causes of work-induced CU and PCD, and to evaluate the occurrence of concomita...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cod.12856
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is a common skin disease, especially in the workplace, but determining the recovery time of chronic ICD is not easy. To measure the recovery time of chronic ICD, we examined the skin reactivity to a model surfactant, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), on previous chronic ICD and nor...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2000.042005264.x
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primin is the main contact allergen found in the ornamental plant Primula obconica Hance. OBJECTIVE:To analyse the temporal trend of sensitivity to primin in north-eastern Italy and to evaluate the associations with occupations in our geographical area. METHODOLOGY:From 1996 to 2012, 24 052 consecutive pat...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cod.12385
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vulvar tissue is more permeable than exposed skin due to differences in structure, occlusion, hydration and susceptibility to friction. The safety assessment of products that contact the vulva should account for this potentially heightened permeability. Standard clinical patch tests may not sufficiently mimic vulvar e...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00444.x
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of the C11-OH substituent of the corticosteroid molecule in relation to contact allergy to corticosteroids. This group, which is essential for glucocorticoid activity, is not present in other steroid molecules, such as deoxycortisol, progestagens, testosterone, and estro...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00286.x
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to evaluate biophysically and clinically the hand skin of nurses working in the operating room in comparison with the hand skin of a control group of female administrative employees. 19 nurses and 14 employees were included in this trial. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and stratum corneum ...
journal_title:Contact dermatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.460406.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00